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Bus Compensation Derivation

The document provides a derivation of compensated bus voltage change, emphasizing that voltage change due to reactive compensation is influenced by system strength. It notes that during outages, reduced system strength can lead to significant voltage changes. Additionally, it mentions the need for system voltage magnitude and Thevenin impedance for precise calculations, while also highlighting common approximations used in practice.

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Karim Ullah PW ELE BATCH 22
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22 views4 pages

Bus Compensation Derivation

The document provides a derivation of compensated bus voltage change, emphasizing that voltage change due to reactive compensation is influenced by system strength. It notes that during outages, reduced system strength can lead to significant voltage changes. Additionally, it mentions the need for system voltage magnitude and Thevenin impedance for precise calculations, while also highlighting common approximations used in practice.

Uploaded by

Karim Ullah PW ELE BATCH 22
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Compensated Bus Voltage Change Derivation

2 2
∗
𝑉𝑆 𝑉𝑆 𝑉𝑆
𝑀𝑉𝐴𝑆𝐶 = 𝑉𝑆 𝐼𝑆𝐶 𝐼𝑆𝐶 = 𝑀𝑉𝐴𝑆𝐶 = 𝑍𝑆∗ = Vs∠0
𝑍𝑆 𝑍𝑆∗ 𝑀𝑉𝐴𝑆𝐶
𝑆
𝑆 = 𝑉𝐵 𝐼∗ 𝐼∗ = Rs
𝑉𝐵
𝑉𝑆 − 𝑉𝐵 𝑉𝑆 − 𝑉𝐵∗ jXs
𝐼= 𝐼∗ =
𝑍𝑆 𝑍𝑆∗ VB , ΔVB
𝑆 𝑉𝑆 − 𝑉𝐵∗
=
𝑉𝐵 𝑍𝑆∗ Sload

𝑆𝑍𝑆∗ = 𝑉𝑆 𝑉𝐵 − 𝑉𝐵∗ 𝑉𝐵
𝑉𝐵 2 − 𝑉𝑆 𝑉𝐵 + 𝑆𝑍𝑆∗ = 0
2
𝑆 𝑉𝑆 2
𝑉𝐵 − 𝑉𝑆 𝑉𝐵 + =0
𝑀𝑉𝐴𝑆𝐶
𝐴𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑒: 𝑉𝑆 2 ≈ 𝑉𝐵 2
2
𝑆 𝑉𝐵 2 𝑆
𝑉𝐵 − 𝑉𝑆 𝑉𝐵 + =0 𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝐴 =
𝑀𝑉𝐴𝑆𝐶 𝑀𝑉𝐴𝑆𝐶
𝑉𝐵 2 + 𝐴 𝑉𝐵 2 − 𝑉𝑆 𝑉𝐵 𝑒 𝑗𝜃𝐵 = 0
𝐴 + 1 𝑉𝐵 2 − 𝑉𝑆 𝑉𝐵 𝑒 𝑗𝜃𝐵 = 0 𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑐 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚:
𝐴𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑒: 𝜃𝐵 ≈ 𝜃𝑆 = 0
−𝑏 ± 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
𝐴 + 1 𝑉𝐵 2 − 𝑉𝑆 𝑉𝐵 = 0 𝑉𝐵 =
2𝑎
𝑉𝑆 ± 𝑉𝑆2 − 4 𝐴 + 1 0 𝑉𝑆 ± 𝑉𝑆 2𝑉𝑆 𝑉𝑆
𝑉𝐵 = = = =
2 𝐴+1 2 𝐴+1 2 𝐴+1 𝐴+1
𝑉𝑆
𝑉𝐵 =
𝐴+1
∆𝑉𝐵 𝑉𝐵𝑓 − 𝑉𝐵0
=
𝑉𝐵0 𝑉𝐵0
𝑉𝑆 𝑉𝑆
𝑉𝐵0 = 𝑉𝐵𝑓 =
𝐴0 + 1 𝐴𝑓 + 1
𝑉𝑆 𝑉𝑆
−
∆𝑉𝐵 𝐴𝑓 + 1 𝐴0 + 1 𝐴0 + 1 𝐴0 − 𝐴𝑓
= = −1=
𝑉𝐵0 𝑉𝑆 𝐴𝑓 + 1 𝐴𝑓 + 1
𝐴0 + 1
𝑆0 𝑆𝑓
𝐴0 = 𝐴𝑓 =
𝑀𝑉𝐴𝑆𝐶 𝑀𝑉𝐴𝑆𝐶
𝑆0 𝑆𝑓
−
∆𝑉𝐵 𝑀𝑉𝐴𝑆𝐶 𝑀𝑉𝐴𝑆𝐶 𝑆0 − 𝑆𝑓
= =
𝑉𝐵0 𝑆𝑓 𝑆𝑓 + 𝑀𝑉𝐴𝑆𝐶 Q is positive if load is inductive
+1 Q is negative if load is capacitive
𝑀𝑉𝐴𝑆𝐶
𝑆0 = 𝑃 + 𝑗𝑄 Q is positive if adding inductor
𝑆𝑓 = 𝑃 + 𝑗𝑄 + 𝑗∆𝑄 Q is negative if adding capacitor
∆𝑉𝐵 𝑃 + 𝑗𝑄 − 𝑃 + 𝑗𝑄 + 𝑗∆𝑄 −𝑗∆𝑄
= =
𝑉𝐵0 𝑃 + 𝑗𝑄 + 𝑗∆𝑄 + 𝑀𝑉𝐴𝑆𝐶 𝑃 + 𝑗𝑄 + 𝑗∆𝑄 + 𝑀𝑉𝐴𝑆𝐶
∆𝑉𝐵 −𝑗∆𝑄
=
𝑉𝐵0 𝑃 + 𝑗𝑄 + 𝑗∆𝑄 + 𝑀𝑉𝐴𝑆𝐶
𝑖𝑓 𝑋𝑠 ≫ 𝑅𝑠 :
𝑀𝑉𝐴𝑆𝐶 = 𝑗 𝑀𝑉𝐴𝑆𝐶
∆𝑉𝐵 −𝑗∆𝑄 −𝑗∆𝑄
= =
𝑉𝐵0 𝑃 + 𝑗𝑄 + 𝑗∆𝑄 + 𝑗 𝑀𝑉𝐴𝑆𝐶 𝑃 + 𝑗 𝑀𝑉𝐴𝑆𝐶 + 𝑄 + ∆𝑄
∆𝑉𝐵 −∆𝑄
=
𝑉𝐵0 𝑃2 + 𝑀𝑉𝐴𝑆𝐶 + 𝑄 + ∆𝑄 2
Q is positive if load is inductive
𝑖𝑓 𝑀𝑉𝐴𝑆𝐶 ≫ 𝑃𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑 , 𝑄𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑 Q is negative if load is capacitive
∆𝑉𝐵 −∆𝑄
≈ Q is positive if adding inductor
𝑉𝐵0 𝑀𝑉𝐴𝑆𝐶
Q is negative if adding capacitor

Summary
This derivation reveals that the amount of voltage change due to switching reactive compensation is dependent on system strength.
Keep in mind that during outage conditions, the system strength could be greatly reduced, resulting in much larger change in voltage.

∆𝑉𝐵 −∆𝑄 ∆𝑉𝐵 −∆𝑄


= ≈
𝑉𝐵0 𝑃2 + 𝑀𝑉𝐴𝑆𝐶 + 𝑄 + ∆𝑄 2
𝑉𝐵0 𝑀𝑉𝐴𝑆𝐶
This one is actually a very good approximation. This one is a very common approximation.
System voltage magnitude and thevenin impedance would be Assumes that the load MVA is much less than
needed for an exact solution of a very complex equation. the short circuit MVA, which is usually true.
Questions or Comments …
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