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Exercise 1

The document is an exercise set for Math 125 focusing on matrices and matrix operations, including definitions, classifications, and various operations such as addition, subtraction, and multiplication. It also covers matrix power, polynomial, inverse matrices, symmetric matrices, and determinants with examples and proofs. The exercises require computations and verifications of properties related to matrices.

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mashuk.faiyaz.241
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10 views3 pages

Exercise 1

The document is an exercise set for Math 125 focusing on matrices and matrix operations, including definitions, classifications, and various operations such as addition, subtraction, and multiplication. It also covers matrix power, polynomial, inverse matrices, symmetric matrices, and determinants with examples and proofs. The exercises require computations and verifications of properties related to matrices.

Uploaded by

mashuk.faiyaz.241
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Math 125

Exercise - 1 (Matrix and Matrix Operations)

Introduction:
1. What is matrix? How to represent a Matrix? Give examples.

2. Define the rows, columns and elements/entries of a Matrix?

3. What is the size of a matrix? How to represent it?

4. How to denote the location of an entry of a matrix?

5. write an arbitrary m × n matrix using the elements aij

Classification:
6. Introduce (size, elements, properties) of the following matrices

• Equal, Square, Rectangular, Diagonal, Triangular, Tridiagonal, Identity, Zeros,


Transpose, Inverse, symmetric, Singular, cofactor, Adjoint.

Matrix Operations:(Addition/Subtraction and Multiplication)


7. Write the conditions of

• Addition or Subtraction
• Multiplication

8. Consider the matrices:


 
3 0    
4 −1 1 4 2
A = −1 2 , B=A= , C= ,
0 2 3 1 5
1 1
   
1 5 2 6 1 3
D = −1 0 1 , E = −1 1 2 ,
3 2 4 4 1 3

(a) Compute the following (where possible)

i) D + E, D − E, 5A, D − D, −2(D + E)
ii) (AT )T , B − BT , B T + 5C T , (2E T − 3DT )T
iii) D + AC, (C T AT )B, (DA)T , A(BC), DT E T − (ED)T
(b) Prove that

(AT )T = A, (A ± B)T = AT ± B T , (2A)T = 2AT , (BA)T = AT B T

And also Verify the statement by


   
1 0 2 2 1 0
A = 0 1 2 B = 0 1 2
3 0 1 2 0 3

Matrix Power and Matrix Polynomial:


9. Introduce matrix power with it’s properties

10. Introduce Matrix Polynomial with it’s properties

11. Write an 3 × 3 upper triangular matrix A. Then

(a) What operation will result a lower triangular matrix?


(b) Replace the diagonal entries of A by zeros. Say new matrix is B. Which power
of will give you a zero matrix?
(c) Find polynomial of B i.e., p(B) with some arbitrary constants.

Inverse Matrix
12. Show that (AB)−1 = B −1 A−1 , where A and B are invertible.

13. How to show that the following matrices are invertible of each other
   
1 2 3 −40 16 9
A = 2 5 3 , B =  13 −5 −3
1 0 8 5 −2 −1

14. Show that the following matrix is not invertible


 
1 0 2
A = 0 2 1
1 0 2

Symmetric Matrix
15. Let A be an invertible symmetric matrix. Show that A−1 is symmetric.

16. Show that AAT and AT A are symmetric. Verify this by using an arbitrary A ∈ R2×3
matrix.

17. Write a symmetric matrix A ∈ R3×3 and show that A − AT is a zero matrix.

Determinant
18. How to compute the determinant of a diagonal, upper triangular or a lower triangular
matrices? Verify your answer with examples.
19. For the matrix  
0 1 5
A = 3 −6 9
2 6 1
prove the following statements:
(a) If B is the matrix that results when a single row or single column of A is multiplied
by a scalar , then det (B) = k det (A) (considering k = 2).
(b) If B is the matrix that results when two rows or two columns of A are interchanged,
then det (B) = − det (A) .
(c) If B is the matrix that results when a multiple of one row of A is added to
another row or when a multiple of one column is added to another column, then
det (B) = det (A).
(d) det (A) = det (AT )
20. Consider the matrices
 
  1 3 1 5 3
1 −2 3 1 −2 −7 0 −4 2
 5 −9 6 3  
A=
−1 2 −6 −2 , 0
B= 0 2 1 1


0 0 2 1 1
2 8 6 1
0 0 0 1 1
Evaluate the determinant of the A and B. Find the determinant of det (A−1 ).
adj(A)
21. Find A−1 if exists, using the formula i) A−1 = and ii) row reduction methods for
det (A)
     
2 5 5 2 0 3 1 6 4
A = −1 −1 0 , A = 0
   3 2  , A =  2 4 −1
2 4 3 −2 0 −4 −1 2 5

22. For the matrix in 3. find a cofactor matrix of A


23. For the matrices :
   
3 0 1 4 2 4
A = −1 2 3 , B = 1 −1 3
1 1 5 0 −2 2
show that
• det(AB) = det(A)det(B)
• det(A−1 ) = 1
det(A)

• det(A + B) 6= det(A) + det(B)

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