Name :_________________ Quiz: No.

5 Time: 15 minutes

Student ID# : ____________ Course: ME 5160, Fall 2021

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The exam is closed book and closed notes.
Consider steady, two-dimensional, incompressible viscous flow of a Newtonian fluid between
parallel plates a distant h apart, as shown in the Figure below. The upper plate moves at constant
velocity U while the lower plate is at rest. The pressure varies linearly in the x direction: 𝑝 =
𝑝(𝑥) = 𝐶𝑥. If the plates are very wide and very long and the flow is fully developed, neglect
gravity and find the velocity distribution between the plates.

Incompressible Continuity Equation:

𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑣 𝜕𝑤
+ + =0
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑧

Incompressible Navier-Stokes Equations in Cartesian Coordinates:

𝜕𝑝 𝜕2 𝑢 𝜕2 𝑢 𝜕2 𝑢 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢
𝜌𝑔𝑥 − +𝜇( + + ) = 𝜌( +𝑢 +𝑣 +𝑤 )
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑥 2 𝜕𝑦 2 𝜕𝑧 2 𝜕𝑡 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑧

𝜕𝑝 𝜕2 𝑣 𝜕2 𝑣 𝜕2 𝑣 𝜕𝑣 𝜕𝑣 𝜕𝑣 𝜕𝑣
𝜌𝑔𝑦 − +𝜇( + + ) = 𝜌( +𝑢 +𝑣 +𝑤 )
𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑥 2 𝜕𝑦 2 𝜕𝑧 2 𝜕𝑡 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑧

𝜕𝑝 𝜕2 𝑤 𝜕2 𝑤 𝜕2 𝑤 𝜕𝑤 𝜕𝑤 𝜕𝑤 𝜕𝑤
𝜌𝑔𝑧 − +𝜇( + + ) = 𝜌( +𝑢 +𝑣 +𝑤 )
𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑥 2 𝜕𝑦 2 𝜕𝑧 2 𝜕𝑡 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑧
Name :_________________ Quiz: No. 5 Time: 15 minutes

Student ID# : ____________ Course: ME 5160, Fall 2021

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Solution:

KNOWN: p(x)

FIND: u(y)

ASSUMPTIONS: incompressible, steady, Newtonian flow, no gravity effects

ANALYSIS:

The plate is very wide and very long and the flow is fully developed, therefore the flow is
essentially axial: 𝑣 = 𝑤 = 0.

Continuity:
(1)
𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑣 𝜕𝑤
+ + =0
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑧

𝜕𝑢
+ ⏟
0 + ⏟
0 =0
(1)
𝜕𝑥
𝑣=0 𝑤=0

(2)
⟹ 𝑢 = 𝑢(𝑦) only

x-momentum:
(1)
𝜕𝑝 𝜕2 𝑢 𝜕2 𝑢 𝜕2 𝑢 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢
𝜌𝑔𝑥 − +𝜇( + + ) = 𝜌( +𝑢 +𝑣 +𝑤 )
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑥 2 𝜕𝑦 2 𝜕𝑧 2 𝜕𝑡 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑧

(1)
𝜕𝑝 𝜕2 𝑢
⏟
0 − +𝜇( ⏟
0 + + ⏟
0 ) = 𝜌( ⏟
0 + ⏟
0 + ⏟
0 + ⏟
0 )
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 2
𝑛𝑜 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑢=𝑢(𝑦) 𝑢=𝑢(𝑦) 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑑𝑦 𝑢=𝑢(𝑦) 𝑣=0 𝑤=0

𝜕𝑝
(1)
=𝐶
𝜕𝑥

𝑑2𝑢
⟹ 𝜇 =𝐶
𝑑𝑦 2

Integrate twice:
(1)
1 𝑦2
𝑢 = 𝜇𝐶 2
+ 𝐶1 𝑦 + 𝐶2
Name :_________________ Quiz: No. 5 Time: 15 minutes

Student ID# : ____________ Course: ME 5160, Fall 2021

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Boundary conditions:

at y = 0: 𝑢(𝑦) = 0 → 𝐶2 = 0 (0.5)

𝑈 𝐶ℎ (0.5)
at y = h: 𝑢(𝑦) = 𝑈 → 𝐶1 = −
ℎ 2𝜇

Replace and find:

1 𝑦2 𝑈 𝐶ℎ (1)
𝑢= 𝐶 + ( − )𝑦
𝜇 2 ℎ 2𝜇