[ 2210/01/SP/15 ]

Q1 When a key is pressed on the keyboard, the computer stores the ASCII representation of the
character typed into main memory.

The ASCII representation for A is 65 (denary), for B is 66 (denary), etc.

There are two letters stored in the following memory locations:

Location 1 A

Location 2 C
M
U
(a) (i) Show the contents of Location 1 and Location 2 as binary.

Location 1

Location 2 [2]
H
(ii) Show the contents of Location 1 and Location 2 as hexadecimal.
A
M
Location 1

Location 2 [2]

(b) The following machine code instruction is stored in a location of main memory: M
1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 A
Convert this binary pattern into hexadecimal.
D
W
[4]

A
(c) Explain why a programmer would prefer to see the contents of the locations displayed as
hexadecimal rather than binary, when debugging his program that reads the key presses.

S
I
[2]
Q
 [ Q9 2210/11/M/J/15 ]

Q2 Draw a line to connect each question to the correct answer.

Question Answer

What is the denary (base 10)

equivalent to the hexadecimal 8
digit E?

M
U
If 1 GB = 2x then what is the
value of X? 12

H
How many bits are there in one
byte? 14 A
M
M
If the broadband data download
rate is 40 megabits per second,
19

A
how many seconds will it take to
download a 60 MB file?

What is the denary (base 10)

value of the binary number
30
D
00100100?
W
What hexadecimal value
is obtained when the two A
S
hexadecimal digits C and D 36
are added together?

[5]
I
Q
 [ Q10 2210/12/M/J/15 ]
Q3 Letters from the alphabet are represented in a computer by the following denary (base 10) values:

A = 97
G = 103
I = 105
L = 108
N = 110

The word “A L I G N” is stored as: 97 108 105 103 110

(a) Convert each of the five values to binary. The first one has been done for you.
M
Letter Denary value
U
0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1
H
A (97):

A
L (108):

M
I (105):

M
G (103):

A
N (110):
[2]

(b) An encryption system works by shifting the binary value for a letter one place to the left. “A”
then becomes: D
1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 W
This binary value is then converted to hexadecimal; the hexadecimal value for “A” will be:
A
S
C 2

I
For the two letters “L” and “G”, shift the binary values one place to the left and convert these
values into hexadecimal:

Q
hexadecimal

L: .............................................

G: .............................................
[4]
 Q3 2210/12/M/J/16

Q4 (a) Convert the following hexadecimal number into 12-bit binary:

4AF

[3]

(b) The 2016 Olympic Games will be held in Rio de Janeiro. A timer that counts down to the

M
opening of the Games is shown on a microprocessor-controlled display.

The number of hours, minutes and seconds until the Games open are held in three 8-bit

U
registers.

H
The present register values are:

0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 105 hours

A
M
0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 32 minutes

0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 20 seconds
M
The timer will count down in seconds.
A
D
(i) Show the values in each 8-bit register 30 seconds after the time shown above:

hours

W
A
minutes

seconds
[3] S
(ii) Write the hexadecimal value of the minutes register from part (b)(i). I
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
Q
 Q5 2210/12/M/J/17
Q5 (a) The denary number 57 is to be stored in two different computer registers.

Convert 57 from denary to binary and show your working.

���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[2]
M
(b) Show the binary number from part (a) as it would be stored in the following registers.
U
Register 1
H
Register 2
[2]
A
(c) A binary number stored in a register can have many different uses, for example an address in M
M
main memory.

Give two other uses for a binary number stored in a register.

Use 1 ........................................................................................................................................
A
D
Use 2 ........................................................................................................................................
[2]

(d) A register in a computer contains binary digits.

0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0
W
The contents of the register represent a binary integer.
A
Convert the binary integer to hexadecimal. S
...................................................................................................................................................
I
Q
...............................................................................................................................................[1]
 Q1 2210/11/M/J/18
Q6 Jane answers an examination question about computers and data correctly.
Six different words or numbers have been removed from her answer.

Complete the sentences in Jane’s answer, using the list given. Not all items in the list need to be
used.

• 2
• 10
• 16

M
• analogue
• binary
• denary
•
•
digital
hexadecimal U
As humans, we process …………………………………… data, but a computer cannot
H
A
process this type of data. For a computer to be able to process data it needs to be

converted to …………………………………… data.

As humans, we mostly use a …………………………………… number system;

M
this is a base …………………………………… number system.

Computers use a …………………………………… number system;

M
this is a base …………………………………… number system. A
D
[6]
Q2 2210/11/M/J/18
Q7 Dheeraj identifies three hexadecimal numbers.

Write the denary number for each of the three hexadecimal numbers:
W
2A ....................................................................................................
A
S
101 ...................................................................................................

21E ..................................................................................................

[3]
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Q
Working Space

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................
 (Q3 2210/12/M/J/18)
Q8 A stopwatch uses six digits to display hours, minutes and seconds.

The stopwatch is stopped at:

0 2 3 1 5 8

M
Hours Minutes Seconds

An 8-bit register is used to store each pair of digits.

(a) Write the 8-bit binary numbers that are currently stored for the Hours, Minutes and Seconds.
U
Hours
H
Minutes
A
Seconds
M
M
[3]

A
D
W
A
S
I
Q
 Q7 2210/12/M/J/20
Q11 (a) Give the denary value of each of the three 12-bit binary values.

(i) 000000001100

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) 000011000110

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(iii) 010011000001
M
..................................................................................................................................... [1]

Working space
U
................................................................................................................................................... H
...................................................................................................................................................
A
M
...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................... M
...................................................................................................................................................
A
D
...................................................................................................................................................

(b) 12-bit binary values can also be represented as hexadecimal values.

W
Give the hexadecimal value of the 12-bit binary value.

000011101001

............................................................................................................................................. [3] A
S
I
Q
 Q2 2210/12/M/J/22
Q15 Hexadecimal is used for Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) colour codes.

An HTML colour code is:

#2F15D6
Each pair of digits is stored as binary in an 8‑bit register.

(a) Give the 8‑bit binary value that would be stored for each pair of hexadecimal digits.

2F
M
15 U
D6 H
[6]
A
M
Working space

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...................................................................................................................................................
M
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A
................................................................................................................................................... D
W
A
S
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Q
 Q1 2210/11/M/J/23
Q16 Binary is a number system used by computers.

(a) Tick (3) one box to show which statement about the binary number system is correct.

A It is a base 1 system

B It is a base 2 system

C It is a base 10 system
M
U
D It is a base 16 system
[1]

(b) Denary numbers are converted to binary numbers to be processed by a computer.

H
A
Convert these three denary numbers to 8‑bit binary numbers.

50 ..............................................................................................................................................

102 ............................................................................................................................................ M
221 ............................................................................................................................................
[3] M
Working space
A
D
...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................
W
A
...................................................................................................................................................

S
I
Q
(c) Binary numbers are stored in registers.

Negative denary numbers can be represented as binary using two’s complement.

Complete the binary register for the denary number –78

You must show all your working.

Working space ..........................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................
M
...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................
U
................................................................................................................................................... H
...................................................................................................................................................
A
Register:
M
(d) Two 8‑bit binary numbers are given.
[2]
M
Add the two 8‑bit binary numbers using binary addition. A
Give your answer in binary. Show all your working.

00110011
D
+01100001 W
A
S
(e) Two binary numbers are added by a computer and an overflow error occurs.
[3]
I
Explain why the overflow error occurred. Q
...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [2]
 Q5 2210/12/O/N/16

Q18 A computer uses an 8-bit register.

The 8-bit register contains binary integers.

(a) Write the denary (base 10) value represented by:

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0

M
U
...............................................................................................................................................[1]

(b) All the bits in the register are shifted one place to the right as shown below.

H
A
0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0

M
0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0
M
Write the denary number that is represented after this shift.
A
D
...............................................................................................................................................[1]

(c) State the effect the shift to the right had on the original denary number from part (a).

...............................................................................................................................................[1]
W
A
(d) The original number in part (a) is shifted three places to the right.

(i) Show the new binary number:

S
[1]
I
Q
(ii) Write the equivalent denary number.

.......................................................................................................................................[1]
 Q1 2210/12/O/N/17
Q19 A robot arm in a factory is programmed to move products.

The binary instructions to operate the robot arm are:

Operation Binary Instruction

UP 1 1 1 1

DOWN 0 0 0 1
M
LEFT 1 0 0 1 U
RIGHT 0 1 1 0
H
A
M
OPEN 1 1 0 0

CLOSE 0 0 1 1
M
The instructions are entered as hexadecimal values.
A
An operator enters the values:

9 1 C 3 F
D
Convert the values and write down the operation (e.g. RIGHT) carried out by the robot arm.
W
A
9 .............................................................................

1 .............................................................................

C ............................................................................. S
3 .............................................................................
I
Q
F .............................................................................
[5]
 3
Q4 2210/12/O/N/19
Q23 An 8-bit binary register contains the value:

0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0

(a) Convert the binary value to denary.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(b) The contents of the register shifted one place to the right would give the result:
M
0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0
U
The contents of the register shown at the start of question 4 are shifted two places to the left. H
Show the contents of the register after this shift has taken place. A
M
M
[1]

(c) State the effect this shift has on the denary value in part (a).

...................................................................................................................................................
A
............................................................................................................................................. [1]
D
W
A
S
I
Q
 (b) Binary values can be converted to hexadecimal values.

Give the hexadecimal value for the 16‑bit binary value 0000100110101110

...................................................................................................................................................

Working space

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................
M
...................................................................................................................................................
[3] U
H
Q3 2210/13/O/N/22
Q28 Jessica wants to store a large number of small thumbnail images on a USB flash memory drive.

A
Each thumbnail image is 16‑bit colour and is 100 pixels wide and 100 pixels high.

She has 5 MB of storage space available on her USB flash memory drive.

Calculate how many images she can store in the 5 MB of storage space. Show all your working.
M
..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................
M
.......................................................................................................................................................... A
..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................
D
..........................................................................................................................................................
W
Number of images ..................................................
[4] A
S
I
Q
 (c) A logical left shift of two places is performed on the binary number stored in the register.

Complete the binary register to show its contents after this logical left shift.

[1]

(d) The negative denary number −99 needs to be stored in the register.

Complete the register to show the binary number that would be stored, using two’s
complement. Show all your working.
M
Working space .......................................................................................................................... U
...................................................................................................................................................
H
A
...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

Register: M
[2]
M
A
(e) The number 01001100 is added to 11100011

Add the two 8-bit binary numbers, using binary addition.

Give your answer in binary. Show all your working.

D
W
...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................
A
S
...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [4] I
Q
 (b) Convert the denary numbers 14, 59 and 234 to binary.

14 ..............................................................................................................................................

59 ..............................................................................................................................................

234 ............................................................................................................................................
[3]

M
Working space

...................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................... U
...................................................................................................................................................
H
A
...................................................................................................................................................

(c) Convert the denary numbers 9, 26 and 65 to hexadecimal.

9 ................................................................................................................................................
M
26 ..............................................................................................................................................

65 ..............................................................................................................................................
M
[3]
A
D
Working space

...................................................................................................................................................

W
...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................... A
(d) Convert the positive denary number 123 to 8-bit binary using two’s complement.
S
I
Show all your working.

...................................................................................................................................................

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Q
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............................................................................................................................................. [2]