Lesson Plan: Recognition of Simple Patterns from Various

Sequences
Grade: 6th
Duration: 40 Minutes
Subject: Mathematics

Objective:
By the end of the lesson, students will be able to:
Identify and recognize simple number, shape, and letter patterns.
Predict the next term in a given pattern.
Understand the logic behind different sequences.

Material Needed:
Whiteboard and markers
Worksheets with practice exercises

Lesson Flow:
1. Introduction (5 minutes)
Start by asking: “Have you ever noticed a pattern in numbers or shapes?”
Show an easy example: 2, 4, 6, 8, ___ and ask students what comes next.
Briefly explain that patterns are repeated arrangements of numbers, shapes, or
letters.

2. Types of Patterns (10 minutes)

A. Number Patterns:
Increasing & Decreasing Sequences (e.g., 5, 10, 15, __, __)
Odd & Even Number Sequences (e.g., 1, 3, 5, __, __)
B. Shape Patterns:
Repeating Shapes (e.g., __ )
Growing Patterns (e.g., ▲, ▲▲, ▲▲▲, __ )
C. Letter Patterns:
Alphabetical Sequences (A, C, E, __, __)
Repetitive Letter Arrangements (AB, BC, CD, __, __)

2. Practice Questions (10 minutes)

Students solve 5 different sequences on the board.

3. Assessment (10 minutes)

Distribute a worksheet with different types of sequences.
Students complete it individually within 7 minutes.

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Discuss answers together and clarify misconceptions.

4. Conclusion (3 minutes)
Summarize key points: Patterns help us predict and solve problems.
Ask a final question: “Where do you see patterns in real life?”

Homework:
Question # 1,2 Exercise 6.1

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Lesson Plan : Use of Letters to Represent Numbers, Explanation
for Variable and Constant
Grade: 6th
Subject: Mathematics
Duration: 40 minutes

Objective:
By the end of the lesson, students will be able to:
Understand the concept of using letters to represent numbers.
Differentiate between variables and constants.
Recognize the importance of variables in algebraic expressions.

Material Needed:
Whiteboard and markers
Worksheets for practice

Introduction (5 minutes):
Begin with a real-life example: “Suppose you are saving money each day. If you
save 10 rupees daily, how much will you have after ‘x’ days?”
Explain that instead of writing different numbers, we can use a letter ‘x’ to
represent an unknown number.
Discuss why letters are used in mathematics.

Explanation of Variable and Constant (10 minutes):

Constant: A fixed value that does not change (e.g., 5, 10, 20).
Variable: A letter that represents a number that can change (e.g., x, y, z).
Write examples on the board:
“x + 5” (x is a variable, 5 is a constant)
“3y – 7” (y is a variable, 3 and 7 are constants)
Explain that variables help in forming algebraic expressions.

Practice Questions (10 minutes):

Identify variables and constants in expressions:
2x + 4
Y–9
5m + 3n
Let students suggest real-life situations where variables can be used.

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Assessment (5 minutes):
Quick oral quiz: Ask students to identify constants and variables from given
expressions.
Solve a few problems on the board with student participation.

Conclusion (5 minutes):
Recap the importance of using letters to represent numbers.
Emphasize how algebra helps in solving problems where values are unknown.
Encourage students to explore algebra in daily life.

Homework:
Question # 1-5 Exercise 6.2

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Lesson Plan : Algebraic Expression, Terms (Like and Unlike),
Coefficient, Constant
Grade: 6th
Subject: Mathematics
Duration: 40 minutes

Objective:
By the end of the lesson, students will be able to:
Understand algebraic expressions and their components.
Identify terms, like and unlike terms, coefficients, and constants.
Differentiate between different types of terms in an expression.

Material Needed:
Whiteboard & Markers
Worksheets for Practice

Lesson Flow:
1. Introduction (5 minutes)
Start with a simple question: “Have you ever used letters instead of numbers in
math?”
Relate to real-life examples like “If a pencil costs Rs.x, how much do 5 pencils
cost?”
Explain that such expressions are called Algebraic Expressions.

2. Explanation & Concept Building (15 minutes)

(i) Algebraic Expression
Define: A combination of numbers, variables, and operations (e.g., 3x + 5).
Give Examples: 4y – 7, 2a + 3b – 5, x² + 2x + 1.
(ii) Terms, Like and Unlike Terms
Terms: The parts of an expression separated by + or – (e.g., in 5x + 3y – 4, the terms
are 5x, 3y, and -4).
Like Terms: Terms that have the same variable and same power (e.g., 3x and 7x).
Unlike Terms: Terms with different variables or different powers (e.g., 4x and 5y).
(iii) Coefficient and Constant
Coefficient: The numerical part of a term (e.g., in 6x, the coefficient is 6).
Constant: A number without a variable (e.g., in 3x + 7, 7 is the constant).

3. Practice Questions (10 minutes)

1. Identify the terms in: 2x + 3y – 5.
2. Find the coefficient of 7a – 4b + 9.

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3. Classify as like or unlike terms: 5m, 3m, 7n.
4. Find the constant in x² + 3x – 8.

5. Assessment (5 minutes)
Give a small quiz (3-4 questions).
Ask students to write an algebraic expression for:
“The sum of twice a number and 5.”
“A number decreased by 3.”

6. Conclusion (3 minutes)
Summarize key points.
Relate algebra to real-life applications like finding the total cost of items.

Homework:
Question # 1-7 Exercise 6.3
Question # 8,9 Exercise 6.3

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Lesson Plan : Addition and Subtraction of Algebraic Expressions
Grade: 6th
Subject: Mathematics
Duration: 40 minutes

Objective:
By the end of the lesson, students will be able to:
Identify like and unlike terms in algebraic expressions.
Perform addition and subtraction on given algebraic expressions correctly.

Material Needed:
Whiteboard and markers
Student notebooks
Worksheet for practice

Introduction (5 minutes):
Begin with a quick recap of algebraic terms (constants, variables, like terms).
Ask students simple questions like:
What is a variable?
What are like terms?
Give 1-2 simple examples on the board:
2x + 3x = ?
5a – 2a = ?

Explanation (15 minutes):

1. Like and Unlike Terms (5 minutes):
Explain:
Like terms: Same variable and same power.
Unlike terms: Different variables or powers.
Example: 3x and 7x (like), 4x and 5y (unlike)

2. Addition of Algebraic Expressions (5 minutes):

Rule: Add coefficients of like terms.
Example: (2x + 3y) + (4x + 5y) = (2x + 4x) + (3y + 5y) = 6x + 8y

3. Subtraction of Algebraic Expressions (5 minutes):

Rule: Subtract coefficients of like terms carefully, minding signs.
Example: (5a + 6b) – (3a + 2b) = (5a – 3a) + (6b – 2b) = 2a + 4b

Practice Questions (10 minutes):

Write these on the board and solve with class:

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1. (3x + 4y) + (2x + 5y)
2. (6a + 3b) – (2a + b)
3. (7m – 2n) + (3m + n)
4. (8x – 5y) – (x – 2y)

Assessment (5 minutes):
Distribute a quick worksheet with 3 questions:
1. Add: (2p + 3q) and (4p + 2q)
2. Subtract: (9x + 5y) – (3x + 2y)
3. Identify like and unlike terms in: (3a + 4b – 2a + b)

Conclusion (5 minutes):
Recap key points:
Like terms can be added/subtracted.
Variables don’t change—only coefficients.
Ask 2 students to explain in their own words how to add expressions.

Homework:
Question # 1,2 Exercise 6.4
Question # 3,4 Exercise 6.4
Question # 5,6,7 Exercise 6.4

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Topic: Simplification of Algebraic Expressions Grouped with
Brackets
Grade: 6th
Subject: Mathematics
Duration: 40 minutes

Objective:
Students will be able to simplify algebraic expressions involving brackets using the
BODMAS rule.

Material Needed:
Whiteboard and markers
Chart displaying BODMAS rule
Student notebooks and pencils

Introduction (5 minutes):
Greet students and ask them: “What do we do first in an expression like 2 × (3 +
5)?”
Briefly revise BODMAS Rule (Brackets, Orders, Division, Multiplication, Addition,
Subtraction) with examples.

Explanation & Examples (15 minutes):

1. Types of Brackets:
Round Brackets ( )
Curly Brackets { }
Square Brackets [ ]
Explain that we always start simplifying from the innermost bracket.
2. Step-by-Step Simplification:
Example 1:
Simplify: 3 × [2x + {4x + (x + 2)}]
Step 1: Simplify inside (x + 2) → 3 × [2x + {4x + x + 2}]
Step 2: → 3 × [2x + 4x + x + 2]
Step 3: → 3 × [7x + 2]
Step 4: → 21x + 6
Example 2:
Simplify: 2 × {3x + [2x + (4x + 1)]}
(Solve together on board with students)

Practice Questions (10 minutes):

Give students the following to solve individually:

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1. 5 × [2a + (3a + 1)]
2. 4 × {a + [2a + (a + 3)]}
3. 2 × [x + {2x + (3x + 2)}]
Walk around and assist students as needed.

Assessment (5 minutes):
Ask 2-3 students to come to the board and solve one expression each.
Quick oral quiz: “What do we solve first in [2x + {3x + (x + 1)}]?”

Conclusion (5 minutes):
Recap key points: Always start from innermost bracket, combine like terms, follow
BODMAS.
Ask: “Why is it important to follow the correct order?”

Homework:
Question # 1 Exercise 6.5
Question # 2,3 Exercise 6.5
Question # 4,5 Exercise 6.5

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