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Ed-Lab 2

This document details an experiment aimed at studying the behavior of clipper and clamper circuits, including biased series and parallel configurations. The experiment involves constructing these circuits, observing their input and output waveforms using an oscilloscope, and analyzing the results. The findings confirm the effectiveness of the circuits in clipping and clamping AC signals, with various configurations designed and simulated using Multisim software.

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9 views10 pages

Ed-Lab 2

This document details an experiment aimed at studying the behavior of clipper and clamper circuits, including biased series and parallel configurations. The experiment involves constructing these circuits, observing their input and output waveforms using an oscilloscope, and analyzing the results. The findings confirm the effectiveness of the circuits in clipping and clamping AC signals, with various configurations designed and simulated using Multisim software.

Uploaded by

boss.rimon4202
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Abstract:

The purpose of this experiment is to study the behavior of different types of clipper and clamper circuits.
The behavior of biased series positive and negative clipper circuits are studied in this experiment along
with biased parallel positive and negative circuits.

Introduction:
The purpose of this experiment is to observe the characteristics of different types of diode circuits:

1. clipper circuits
2. clamper circuits

Clippers:
In electronics, clipper circuits clip or cuts away part of the input ac signal such that the remaining part of
the signal is not distorted or changed. Clipper circuits may seem similar to bridge rectifiers, at least the
unbiased circuits, but the primary distinction is that clipper circuits are made up of a diode and a resistor
while bridge rectifier is made up only one diode

Series Positive Clippers:


Series Positive Clippers eliminates the input voltage's positive half-cycles. A positive series clipper is
shown in Figure 1. If the input is negative, the diode is forward biased and displays the input of the
negative half cycle at the load. If the input is positive, the diode is in reverse biased condition, the
output shown is zero.

Figure 1: Series Positive Clipper

Parallel Negative Clippers:


It eliminates the input voltage's negative half-cycles. A parallel negative clipper is shown in Figure 2. The
diode becomes reverse biased during the positive half cycle of the input. As a result, the resistor
experiences no current flow. The output signal is attained for the positive half of the input signal as the
output current is measured at the load. The diode becomes forward biased during the negative half of the
input signal, therefore no-load current is produced. In the end, the output for the negative half of the input
signal is not seen.
Figure 2: Parallel Negative Clipper

The circuits with the ideal diode are the clippers mentioned above in figures 1 and 2. However, if the knee
voltage (VK) is considered, the output voltage of the positive and negative clippers is indicated in figure 3

Figure 3: Output of the Circuit of Figure 1 and 2 With the value of Vk

Figure 4: Parallel Positive Clipper with bias

Clampers:
A clamper circuit is a circuit that adds a DC level to an AC signal. Shift the signal to the positive or
negative side as shown in Figure 5. In fact, the positive and negative peaks of the signal can be clamped
to desired levels using a clamp circuit. If it shifts the DC level, the clamp circuit is called a level shifter.

Figure 5: Input and Output wave Shapes of Basic Clamper Circuit

A clamper circuit consists of an energy storage element such as a capacitor. A simple clamp circuit
consists of a capacitor, a diode, a resistor, and optionally a DC battery. The peak value and average value
of the input waveform and the clamped output will be different. The time constant of the RC circuit
should be ten times the time-period of the entering AC input voltage for better clamping action.

A negative clamper is shown figure 6. During the entire positive half-cycle of the input, the diode will
conduct, and the output voltage will correspond to the diode barrier potential (V0). At this point, the
capacitor charges to (V - V0) through the negative half cycle of the input, the diode will become
negatively biased, and it has no effect role on the capacitor voltage. Due to the high value of R the
capacitor cannot discharge as much

Apparatus:
No. Apparatus Quantity
1 Diode 1
2 Trainer Board 1
3 Resistors :1 KΩ (1), 100 Ω (1), 220 Ω (1), 470 Ω (1) 1
4 Oscilloscope 1
5 Multimerer 1
6 Chord 2
7 Capacitors: 10 μF (1), 0.1 μF (1) 1
8 DC Power Supply 1

Circuit Diagram:

Lab Diargram:

Figure: 9
Figure: 10

Figure: 11
Figure: 12
Figure: 13

Figure: 14
Experimental Procedure:
1. The Clipper and Clamper circuits were implemented as shown in figure 7 and figure 8.
2. The input and the output waves shapes were observed simultaneously on the oscilloscope in dual
mode and the waveforms were observed.
3. The same procedure was applied for the simulation and the input and the output waveforms were
observed.

Result and Discussion:


Clipping and Clamping are very widely used diode applications. In this experiment, the clipper & clamper
circuits were constructed carefully. Observing the input and output voltage from the oscilloscope. It can
be seen that the positive half cycle of the input voltage has been clipped off in the positive clipper circuit
and the negative half cycle of input waveform has been cut off in the negative clipper circuit. During the
experiment of clamper circuit, the characteristics were observed

Conclusion:
In this paper, positive and negative diode clipper, biased clipper, positive clamper, negative clamper is
designed and simulated using Multisim software. Outputs of each designed circuit are calculated
numerically, and simulation results have been displayed in oscilloscope through Multisim

Reference:
American International University–Bangladesh (AIUB) Electronic Devices Lab Manual.

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