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8086 Calculator Microproject

This micro project report details the design and implementation of a calculator using the 8086 microprocessor, which performs basic arithmetic operations via keyboard input. It includes sections on the project's objective, system requirements, working mechanism, assembly code, applications, advantages, and future scope. The project serves as an educational tool for understanding microprocessor interfacing and assembly language programming.

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littlecourtvilla1008
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121 views9 pages

8086 Calculator Microproject

This micro project report details the design and implementation of a calculator using the 8086 microprocessor, which performs basic arithmetic operations via keyboard input. It includes sections on the project's objective, system requirements, working mechanism, assembly code, applications, advantages, and future scope. The project serves as an educational tool for understanding microprocessor interfacing and assembly language programming.

Uploaded by

littlecourtvilla1008
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Micro Project Report

On
Calculator using 8086 Microprocessor
(via Keyboard Input)

Submitted by:
Name: [Your Name]
Roll No: [Your Roll No]
Branch: Computer Engineering
Semester: [Your Semester]
Institute: [Your College Name]
Certificate
This is to certify that the project report titled "Calculator using 8086 Microprocessor (via
Keyboard Input)" has been successfully completed by [Your Name] under my guidance.

Guide Name
(Signature)
Designation
Department of Computer Engineering
Acknowledgment
I would like to express my gratitude to all those who helped me complete this micro project.
I am thankful to my project guide [Guide Name] for valuable guidance. I also thank my
friends and family for their constant support.
Index
1. Introduction

2. Objective

3. Block Diagram

4. System Requirements

5. Working of the Project

6. Interfacing Details

7. Flowchart

8. Assembly Code (with explanation)

9. Applications

10. Advantages

11. Conclusion

12. Future Scope

13. References
1. Introduction
The 8086 microprocessor is a 16-bit processor widely used in early computing. This project
demonstrates how to implement a simple calculator using the 8086 microprocessor that
can perform basic arithmetic operations using inputs from a keyboard.

2. Objective
The main goal of this project is to design a calculator using the 8086 microprocessor that
can:
- Accept two numbers and an operator from a keyboard.
- Perform arithmetic operations (Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, Division).
- Display the result.

3. Block Diagram
Block Diagram: Keyboard → 8086 Microprocessor → Output Display
Components:
- 8086 Microprocessor
- Keyboard (Matrix type)
- Display (7-segment or LCD)
- Clock and Power Supply
- Interfacing logic (like 8255)

4. System Requirements
Hardware:
- 8086 Microprocessor
- Matrix Keyboard
- Display Unit
- Power Supply
- Connecting Wires and Breadboard

Software:
- Emu8086 or MASM
- DOSBox (if needed for execution)

5. Working of the Project


1. The user enters two numbers using the keyboard.
2. An operator (+, -, *, /) is entered.
3. The microprocessor processes the input using assembly logic.
4. The result is calculated and displayed.
6. Interfacing Details
Keyboard: Matrix keypad interfaced using 8255 PPI.
Display: 7-segment display or LCD connected through data bus and controlled by I/O ports.
Microprocessor: Fetches input, processes instructions, and sends output.

7. Flowchart
Flowchart Steps:
Start → Read 1st number → Read operator → Read 2nd number → Perform operation →
Display result → End

8. Assembly Code (with explanation)

.MODEL SMALL
.STACK 100H
.DATA
NUM1 DB ?
NUM2 DB ?
RESULT DB ?
MSG1 DB 'Enter first number: $'
MSG2 DB 13,10,'Enter second number: $'
MSG3 DB 13,10,'Enter operator (+, -, *, /): $'
MSG4 DB 13,10,'Result: $'

.CODE
MAIN PROC
MOV AX, @DATA
MOV DS, AX

LEA DX, MSG1


CALL DISPLAY
CALL READ_CHAR
SUB AL, 30H
MOV NUM1, AL

LEA DX, MSG2


CALL DISPLAY
CALL READ_CHAR
SUB AL, 30H
MOV NUM2, AL

LEA DX, MSG3


CALL DISPLAY
CALL READ_CHAR
MOV BL, AL

MOV AL, NUM1


MOV CL, NUM2
CMP BL, '+'
JE ADDITION
CMP BL, '-'
JE SUBTRACTION
CMP BL, '*'
JE MULTIPLICATION
CMP BL, '/'
JE DIVISION
JMP END_PROGRAM

ADDITION:
ADD AL, CL
JMP SHOW_RESULT

SUBTRACTION:
SUB AL, CL
JMP SHOW_RESULT

MULTIPLICATION:
MUL CL
JMP SHOW_RESULT

DIVISION:
MOV AH, 0
DIV CL
JMP SHOW_RESULT

SHOW_RESULT:
ADD AL, 30H
MOV RESULT, AL

LEA DX, MSG4


CALL DISPLAY

MOV DL, RESULT


MOV AH, 02H
INT 21H
END_PROGRAM:
MOV AH, 4CH
INT 21H
MAIN ENDP

DISPLAY PROC
MOV AH, 09H
INT 21H
RET
DISPLAY ENDP

READ_CHAR PROC
MOV AH, 01H
INT 21H
RET
READ_CHAR ENDP

END MAIN

9. Applications
- Digital calculators
- Embedded systems
- Teaching microprocessor concepts
- Industrial input-output processing

10. Advantages
- Low cost
- Demonstrates real-time arithmetic operation
- Easy to implement and debug
- Helpful for learning assembly language programming

11. Conclusion
This project helped in understanding the 8086 microprocessor, input/output interfacing,
and writing assembly-level logic for arithmetic processing.

12. Future Scope


- Integrate floating point arithmetic
- Expand to scientific calculator
- Interface with GUI or advanced input
- Improve display using LCD modules

13. References
- Microprocessor Architecture by Ramesh Gaonkar
- Emu8086 Documentation
- Online tutorials and guides

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