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Series and Parallel Connection

The document outlines the objectives and methods for calculating equivalent capacitance, total charge, and potential difference for capacitors connected in series and parallel. It includes specific examples and step-by-step problem-solving approaches for two problems involving capacitors with given values. The instructor, Joemel G. Soroan, aims to teach Grade 10 students at Diamond SSC about the principles of capacitors in electrical circuits.

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elrodjosh350
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16 views17 pages

Series and Parallel Connection

The document outlines the objectives and methods for calculating equivalent capacitance, total charge, and potential difference for capacitors connected in series and parallel. It includes specific examples and step-by-step problem-solving approaches for two problems involving capacitors with given values. The instructor, Joemel G. Soroan, aims to teach Grade 10 students at Diamond SSC about the principles of capacitors in electrical circuits.

Uploaded by

elrodjosh350
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GRADE 10

ADVANCED PYHSICS 2
4th Quarter

JOEMEL G. SOROAN, LPT


Instructor

GRADE 10 – DIAMOND SSC


CAPACITORS IN SERIES
AND PARALLEL

GRADE 10 – DIAMOND SSC


OBJECTIVES:

❑ Calculate the equivalent capacitance of a network


of capacitors connected in series/parallel; and

❑ Determine the total charge, the charge on, and


the potential difference across each capacitor in
series/parallel.

GRADE 10 – DIAMOND SSC


GRADE 10 – DIAMOND SSC
GRADE 10 – DIAMOND SSC
How will you solve
circuit problems Capacitors may be present in
with capacitors? series or parallel connection.
Two types of Electric Connection:
Series Connection
➢ Has only one of single pathway of electricity
Parallel Connection
➢ Has more than one pathway of electricity flow.

GRADE 10 – DIAMOND SSC


CAPACITORS IN SERIES CONNECTION
The magnitude of charge is the same on all
plates of all the capacitors in a series
combination; however, the potential
difference of the individual capacitors are
not the same unless their individual
capacitances are the same the potential
difference of the individual capacitors add
to give the total potential difference across
the series combination.

GRADE 10 – DIAMOND SSC


CAPACITORS IN PARALLEL CONNECTION
The potential difference are the same for all
capacitors in a parallel combination:
however, the charge on individual
capacitors are no the same unless their
individual capacitances are the same the
charges on the individual capacitors add to
give the total charge on the parallel
combinations.

GRADE 10 – DIAMOND SSC


PROBLEM 1: 10𝜇𝐹
Suppose you connect 4 capacitors on a
100-V source capacitors 1 and 4 are
connected in series with capacitance of
10𝜇𝐹, 20𝜇𝐹, respectively: and capacitors 100𝑉
2 and 3 are connected in parallel with
15𝜇𝐹 5𝜇𝐹
capacitance of 15 𝜇𝐹 and 5 𝜇𝐹 ,
20𝜇𝐹
respectively.
1. What is the total charge of the
capacitors in series? In parallel?
2. What is the potential difference
(voltage) share in each capacitor?

GRADE 10 – DIAMOND SSC


PROBLEM 1: 10𝜇𝐹
STEP 1: You need to calculate the
equivalent capacitance of the capacitors
connected in parallel. To get that value,
you just need to add the capacitance of
100𝑉
the two capacitors.
15𝜇𝐹 5𝜇𝐹
𝐶𝑒𝑞 = 𝐶2 + 𝐶3 20𝜇𝐹
𝐶𝑒𝑞 = 15𝜇𝐹 + 5𝜇𝐹
𝑪𝒆𝒒 = 𝟐𝟎𝝁𝑭

GRADE 10 – DIAMOND SSC


PROBLEM 1: 10𝜇𝐹
STEP 2: The reciprocal of the equivalent
capacitance of a series combination
equals the sum of the reciprocals of the
individual capacitances.
100𝑉
1 1 1 −1
𝐶𝑒𝑞 = [ + + ] 15𝜇𝐹 5𝜇𝐹
𝐶1 𝐶2+3 𝐶4
1 1 1 −1 20𝜇𝐹
𝐶𝑒𝑞 = [ + + ]
10𝜇𝐹 20𝜇𝐹 20𝜇𝐹
𝐶𝑒𝑞 = [0.1𝜇𝐹 + 0.05𝜇𝐹 + 0.05𝜇𝐹]−1
𝐶𝑒𝑞 = [0.2𝜇𝐹]−1
𝑪𝒆𝒒 = 𝟓𝝁𝑭
GRADE 10 – DIAMOND SSC
PROBLEM 1: 10𝜇𝐹
STEP 3: By getting the value of
capacitance, you can now get the value
of charge stored in each capacitor.
IN SERIES WE WILL USE THE FORMULA: 100𝑉
𝑄𝑟= 𝐶𝑒𝑞 𝑉 15𝜇𝐹 5𝜇𝐹
20𝜇𝐹
𝑄𝑟 = (5𝜇𝐹)(100𝑉)
𝑸𝒓 = 𝟓𝟎𝟎𝝁𝑪
This will be the charge in all
capacitors in series connection.

GRADE 10 – DIAMOND SSC


PROBLEM 1:
IN PARALLEL CONNECTION WE WILL ANALYZE CHARGE IN EACH
CAPACITOR USE THIS FORMULA:
𝐶2 𝐶3
𝑄2 = 𝑄𝑟 𝑄3 = 𝑄𝑟
𝐶2 + 𝐶3 𝐶2 + 𝐶3
15𝜇𝐹 5𝜇𝐹
𝑄2 = 500𝜇𝐶 𝑄3 = 500𝜇𝐶
15𝜇𝐹 + 5𝜇𝐹 15𝜇𝐹 + 5𝜇𝐹
15𝜇𝐹 5𝜇𝐹
𝑄2 = 500𝜇𝐶 𝑄3 = 500𝜇𝐶
20𝜇𝐹 20𝜇𝐹
𝑄2 = 500𝜇𝐶(0.75 𝜇𝐹) 𝑄3 = 500𝜇𝐶(0.25 𝜇𝐹)

𝑸𝟐 = 𝟑𝟕𝟓𝝁𝑪 𝑸𝟑 = 𝟏𝟐𝟓𝝁𝑪

GRADE 10 – DIAMOND SSC


PROBLEM 1: ▪ Voltage is the same in
STEP 4: To get the 𝑸𝟏 𝟓𝟎𝟎𝝁𝑪 C2 and C3 since they
voltage for each
• 𝑽𝟏 = = = 𝟓𝟎𝑽 are in parallel
𝑪𝟏 𝟏𝟎𝝁𝑭
connection. When we
capacitor you
add the values of
divide the charge 𝑸𝟐 𝟑𝟕𝟓𝝁𝑪
by its capacitance.
• 𝑽𝟐 = = = 𝟐𝟓𝑽 voltage of C1, C23 and
𝑪𝟐 𝟏𝟓𝝁𝑭 C4 or the capacitors in
series we get,
𝑸 𝑸𝟑 𝟏𝟐𝟓𝝁𝑪
𝑽= • 𝑽𝟑 = = = 𝟐𝟓𝑽 ▪ V=50V+25V+25V=100
𝑪𝟑 𝟓𝝁𝑭 V which is equal to the
𝑪 voltage that we have
𝑸𝟒 𝟓𝟎𝟎𝝁𝑪
• 𝑽𝟒 = = = 𝟐𝟓𝑽 from the problem.
𝑪𝟒 𝟐𝟎𝝁𝑭

GRADE 10 – DIAMOND SSC


PROBLEM 2:
Let 𝐶1 = 6.0𝜇𝐹, 𝐶2 = 3.0𝜇𝐹, and
V = 18 𝑉. find the equivalent
capacitance and the charge and
potential difference for each
capacitor when the capacitors are
connected in series and in parallel.

GRADE 10 – DIAMOND SSC

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