CONTENT

TOPIC PAGE NO.

Abstract I
List of Tables II

List of Figures II

1. INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Objective of the system 1
1.2 System Testing 3
1.3 Features of the system 6
1.4 Action plan 10

2. LITERATURE SURVEY 11
2.1 Why LinkBridge over LinkedIn? 11
2.2 Overview of existing system 16
2.3 Overview of proposed system 17

3. SCOPE OF THE PROJECT 20

3.1 Scope 20
3.2 Advantages 22
3.3 Features 24

4. METHODOLOGY 27
4.1 Main module and sub modules 27
4.2 DFD Level-0 Diagram 29
4.3 DFD Level-1 Diagram 30
4.4 DFD Level-2 Diagram 31
4.5 Flow chart - Login and Sign-up 32
4.6 Flow chart- User Dashboard 33
4.7 Flow chart- Job Search and Internship 34
4.8 Use Case Diagram 35
4.9 Planned Resources 36
4.9.1 HTML & CSS
4.9.2 PHP
 4.9.3 MySQL
4.9.4. JS

5. DETAILS OF DESIGNS, WORKING AND 39

PROCESSES
5.1 Development schedule and milestone 39
5.2 Development tools 42

6. RESULT AND APPLICATION 43

• Result 43
6.1 Home Page (Interface1) 43
6.2 Home Page (Interface2) 43
6.3 Home Page (Interface3) 44
6.4 Home Page (Interface4) 44
6.5 Company Registration 45
6.6 Company Dashboard 45
6.7 User Registration 46
6.8 User Login 46
6.9 Job and Internship Module 47
6.10 Job and Internship Application Form 47
6.10 Coding 48
6.10.1 Database Connection(db.js) 48
6.10.2 Index.js 49
6.10.3 Authentication (auth.js) 50
6.10.4 Frontend - Job and Internship 54
Module (Jobs.tsx)

7. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE 59

7.1 Conclusion 59
7.2 Future scope 59

8. REFERENCES 60
 ABSTRACT

This website is an online grievance management platform designed specifically for students to
voice their concerns, complaints, or suggestions in a structured and secure environment. This
website aims to bridge the communication gap between students and administration by offering a
transparent and streamlined system for resolving issues effectively. Users can log in, file grievances
related to academics, facilities, harassment, or other concerns, and track the status of their
complaints in real-time.

The platform also includes unique features such as anonymous complaint options, priority tagging
(urgent/normal), response deadlines, and automated notifications for updates. To ensure
accountability, every complaint is assigned to a specific officer, and feedback can be provided after
resolution.

Additionally, the system includes a “Frequently Raised Issues” section, grievance analytics
dashboard for admins, and the option to attach media (photos, documents) for better clarity. The
portal encourages student-administration engagement by organizing monthly feedback polls, and
an open suggestion box to foster a more inclusive and responsive campus environment.

From a technical perspective, the frontend is developed using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, while
the backend is powered by PHP. The MySQL database ensures secure data storage and fast
retrieval.

This website is more than just a complaint box — it’s a digital platform committed to improving
student welfare, ensuring transparency, and enhancing trust between students and institutions
through responsible grievance redressal.

I
 LIST OF TABLE

TABLE NO. TABLE NAME PAGE NO.

1.4 Action Plan 10

5.3 Development Tools 42

LIST OF FIGURE

FIGURE NO. FIGURE NAME PAGE NO.

4.1.1 DFD Diagrams 29

4.1.2 Flow Chart of system 32

6.1.1 Home Page (Interface) 43

4.1.2 Company Dashboard 44

4.1.2(c) Job and Internship Module 45

4.1.3 Use Case Diagram 35

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 Online Grievance System

1. INTRODUCTION
The Online Grievance Management System is an advanced web-based platform specifically
developed to streamline the process of grievance submission for students within an educational
institution. It aims to eliminate the delays, inefficiencies, and lack of transparency typically
associated with traditional manual complaint systems. Through this platform, students are
empowered to easily raise their concerns, suggestions, or formal complaints to the appropriate
authorities with just a few clicks. Whether the issue relates to academic difficulties, infrastructure
problems, harassment, health and safety concerns, or any other aspect of campus life, the system
provides a dedicated and secure channel for students to voice their problems in a structured
manner.
The system also includes user-friendly features like complaint tracking, where students can
monitor the progress of their submitted grievances in real time. It supports priority tagging,
allowing students to highlight the urgency or severity of their concerns, and offers regular status
updates so they are never left uninformed. Additionally, students can attach supporting
documents, images, or screenshots to strengthen their complaint, which helps the reviewing
authority better understand and verify the issue. By incorporating these elements, the system not
only makes the grievance process more efficient but also enhances the overall transparency and
credibility of the complaint management process.
On the administrator side, the platform provides powerful tools for managing and organizing
grievances efficiently. Admins can categorize complaints by department, severity, or type, assign
them to specific authorities for resolution, and maintain a timeline of actions taken. There are
built-in analytics and reporting features that help track frequently reported issues, identify
patterns, and gather feedback from students over time. This data-driven approach allows
management to make informed decisions aimed at improving overall institutional services,
facilities, and the student experience.
Furthermore, the system plays a critical role in fostering better communication between
students, faculty, and administration. By transitioning from a paper-based or informal grievance
handling system to a fully digital solution, the institution demonstrates a commitment to
responsiveness, transparency, and student well-being. It helps build trust in the grievance
redressal process, ensures that no complaint goes unnoticed, and ultimately promotes a more
supportive, fair, and proactive educational environment for all students.

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 Online Grievance System

1.1 Objective of this project

1.1.1 Providing a Student-Friendly Complaint Submission Platform
The first and foremost goal of this project is to provide students with a hassle-free, transparent,
and accessible digital platform through which they can submit their grievances or concerns
without fear or confusion. In many educational institutions, students are often reluctant to raise
issues due to the complexity of traditional complaint processes, fear of retaliation, or a general
belief that their complaints will be ignored or lost in bureaucracy. This hesitation can lead to
unresolved problems, increased dissatisfaction, and a lack of trust in the institution. Our system
is carefully designed to remove these barriers by introducing a simple, guided, and supportive
interface that walks students step-by-step through the grievance submission process. From
selecting the nature of the issue to adding specific details and even attaching evidence in the form
of documents, images, or screenshots, every action has been streamlined to make the process as
smooth and encouraging as possible.
By digitalizing and automating the entire workflow, this platform significantly reduces the
time and effort traditionally required to file a complaint. Students no longer need to physically
visit departments, wait in long queues, or fill out cumbersome paper forms. Instead, they can log
in at any time, from any device, and complete the process within minutes. This level of
convenience is particularly valuable for students dealing with sensitive or urgent concerns.
Additionally, the platform automatically organizes and routes each grievance to the appropriate
authority, removing confusion about where to submit specific types of issues. As a result, not
only are students more likely to report their problems, but the institution also benefits from a
centralized, well-documented, and trackable complaint management system. This ensures that
no complaint is overlooked and that even minor grievances are acknowledged, tracked, and
resolved in a timely and professional manner.

1.1.2 Ensuring Transparency and Real-Time Complaint Tracking

One of the biggest concerns in traditional grievance systems is the lack of visibility into the
progress of a complaint after it is submitted. This project addresses that issue by implementing a
real-time complaint tracking system. Once a complaint is filed, students can log in at any time to
check its current status—whether it is pending, under review, resolved, or closed. Every update
made by the admin or assigned officer is visible to the student, increasing confidence and trust in
the system.
This level of transparency ensures that students feel heard and respected. It prevents cases from
being forgotten or delayed indefinitely, as the system also sends automated notifications when
updates occur. By holding both parties—students and authorities—accountable, it creates a more
reliable and fair grievance-handling process. This also helps avoid miscommunication and ensure

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 Online Grievance System
a smoother resolution journey.

1.1.3 Enhancing Admin Efficiency and Response Time

The platform is designed to be comprehensive and dual-focused, ensuring that it not only
addresses the needs of students but also greatly enhances the efficiency of administrative
operations. While student satisfaction is a key priority, the system also acts as a powerful tool
for institutional management to handle grievances more effectively. Every complaint submitted
through the system is automatically categorized and organized, allowing it to be filtered by
multiple criteria such as department, issue type, urgency level, or date of submission. This
intelligent filtering system minimizes the manual effort usually involved in sorting through
complaints and enables the administrative team to quickly identify and prioritize urgent matters.
Moreover, complaints are automatically routed and assigned to the concerned authority based on
the selected category, which eliminates the delay caused by manual forwarding and ensures that
every issue reaches the right person from the very beginning.
This automated complaint delegation process reduces the chances of miscommunication,
misplaced issues, and unresolved grievances due to administrative oversight. As a result, time-
sensitive or serious complaints can be resolved more swiftly, improving the institution’s
responsiveness and credibility. In addition to routing and filtering, the platform also includes a
suite of productivity tools aimed at further streamlining the grievance resolution process. For
instance, auto-generated reports allow administrators to view detailed summaries of complaints
over time, helping them detect recurring issues or systemic gaps. Predefined response templates
help standardize communication, ensuring polite and professional responses are delivered
consistently without drafting every reply from scratch. The interactive dashboard offers real-time
analytics, giving admins an overview of open, closed, and pending grievances, timelines, and
department-wise distributions.

1.1.4 Supporting Data-Driven Improvements and Communication

Another key objective of the system is to support continuous institutional improvement through
the strategic analysis of the data collected from student complaints. Each grievance submitted to
the platform contributes to a growing database that can be mined for valuable insights into
campus operations, student satisfaction, and service quality. Over time, the system can detect
patterns and recurring issues, such as persistent complaints about specific departments,
infrastructure problems, or academic-related concerns. These trends are then translated into
easily interpretable visualizations, such as bar charts, line graphs, and pie charts, which are
presented on the admin dashboard.
By providing a clear, data-driven overview of student concerns, the system empowers
administrators to spot high-frequency issues early and take corrective measures before the

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problems escalate further. This proactive approach to complaint management helps maintain
high standards of education, facility maintenance, and student support.
Furthermore, the system enables institutions to track improvements over time by comparing
complaint trends across semesters or academic years. It allows administrators to evaluate
whether previous interventions have successfully resolved issues or if certain areas require more
in-depth attention. By transforming qualitative feedback into quantifiable metrics, the platform
becomes more than just a complaint tool—it evolves into a powerful decision-support system
that informs campus policies, budget allocations, and operational strategies. As the grievance
system matures, it becomes a cornerstone for institutional transparency, accountability, and
strategic planning, helping the organization adapt and evolve based on real student experiences
and concerns.

1.2 System Testing

1.2.1 Ensuring Admin Login and Credential Management Functionality:-
The platform must provide secure, efficient, and reliable login functionality for administrators to
ensure that only authorized personnel gain access to the administrative sections of the system.
This is essential to protect the sensitive data and operations managed through the portal. Admins
should be required to log in using unique credentials, typically consisting of a username and
password combination. These credentials must be verifies against securely stored records in the
backend database to confirm authenticity. To reinforce security, the system should implement
best practices such as secure password hashing, encryption protocols, and session timeout
features that automatically log out inactive users. These measures reduce the risk of unauthorized
access and data breaches, maintaining the confidentiality and integrity of the administrative
functionalities.
In addition to secure login, the platform must provide a convenient yet secure way for
administrators to update their login credentials—specifically, their username and password. This
functionality is vital for maintaining privacy and adapting to changing security needs, such as
resetting credentials after a security concern or periodically updating passwords as a best
practice. The change process should include input validation to ensure that the new username is
unique and the new password meets complexity requirements such as length, character variety,
and strength. Once the update is successful, the system should immediately synchronize the new
credentials with the database and allow the administrator to log in with them in the next session.
This ensures seamless continuity in administrative access without compromising security or
usability.

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 Online Grievance System
1.2.2 Displaying Student Grievances Accurately:-
A core functionality of the system is to ensure that student grievances are displayed accurately,
completely, and in real-time. The moment a student submits a complaint, the system should
instantly capture and store the data in the database, making it available for immediate review by
the admin. This ensures a seamless flow of information from the student to the administration.
All key grievance details—including the student’s name (if not submitted anonymously), the
category or type of complaint, a full description of the issue, the exact date and time of
submission, and the current status (e.g., pending, under review, resolved)—must be clearly and
consistently presented on the admin dashboard. This helps avoid any miscommunication or
overlooked grievances and ensures that each complaint receives appropriate attention.
Moreover, the system should display grievances in a structured and user-friendly layout to
help administrators manage large volumes of complaints effectively. The admin panel must offer
filtering and sorting options based on various attributes such as grievance category, urgency
level, date submitted, or current resolution status. This functionality allows administrators to
quickly navigate through grievances and prioritize those that are more serious or time-sensitive.
A well-organized display reduces the risk of missing or mishandling complaints and ensures
smooth tracking of progress. Additionally, the system must be robust enough to handle high data
volumes without delay or corruption.

1.2.3 Displaying Management Members Correctly:-

To ensure smooth, clear, and effective communication between students and administration, the
system must accurately and consistently display a detailed list of management members. This
list should contain comprehensive information, including names, official designations,
departmental affiliations, and relevant contact information (if sharing contact details is permitted
by policy). Such transparency ensures that students know exactly whom to approach for specific
grievance types, eliminating confusion and unnecessary delays. For instance, a student dealing
with academic concerns should be able to identify and contact the academic coordinator, while
issues related to infrastructure or safety can be directed to respective administrative heads.
Presenting this information in an organized and easily accessible format gives students a clear
sense of structure and accountability within the institution.
Furthermore, this feature promotes a culture of openness and accessibility, allowing students
to develop a better understanding of how grievances are handled and by whom. The data
regarding management members should be stored securely in the database and must be frequently
reviewed and updated to reflect any changes in staff, roles, or contact details. Administrators
should be given tools to easily add, modify, or remove management profiles as needed, ensuring
the list is always current and reliable. To improve usability, the interface can include filter and
search options, enabling students to sort by department, designation, or responsibility area. This
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 Online Grievance System

organized approach helps students connect with the correct personnel more efficiently,
enhancing the overall experience and reinforcing the system’s role as not only a grievance tool
but also a bridge for effective communication and transparency within the institution.

1.2.4 Ensuring Accurate Display of Student’s Parents Information:-

If student-parent information is part of the institution’s data collection, it is essential that this
data is displayed correctly and securely. The system should provide an interface where student-
parent contact details (such as name, phone number, and email) can be displayed when needed.
This feature is particularly important for cases where the student’s parents need to be informed
or involved in resolving issues. It is crucial that the system ensures the correct retrieval and
display of this sensitive information, respecting the privacy of both students and their families.
The system must also ensure that parent information is updated regularly, especially when
changes occur (such as a change in contact details). If parents’ details are linked to a specific
grievance, the information should be displayed next to the complaint, providing a direct line of
communication for the administration to reach out to them. It’s important that this information is
stored securely and only accessible to authorized personnel. Additionally, if parents need to be
involved in resolving a complaint, the system should allow for easy communication between the
institution and the parents, fostering better collaboration in grievance resolution.

1.2.5 Verifying Proper Generation of Reports:-

The system’s reporting functionality must be able to generate comprehensive and accurate
reports that summarize various aspects of the grievance management process. These reports
should include data such as the total number of complaints, the types of issues raised, the
departments involved, the status of each grievance (e.g., resolved, pending), and the average time
taken to resolve issues. These reports should be automatically generated based on data stored in
the system, providing administrators with detailed insights into the functioning of the grievance
redressal process.
Additionally, these reports should be exportable in various formats such as PDF or, Excel,
enabling administrators to share them with relevant stakeholders or conduct in-depth analysis
outside of the system. The report generation process must be seamless and error-free, ensuring
that data is accurately pulled from the database without any discrepancies. The reports should
also be visualized with graphs or charts to make the data more digestible and easy to understand.
This feature will help management assess the overall performance of the grievance system and
identify areas for improvement, ensuring a continuous feedback loop for better institutional
processes.

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 Online Grievance System
1.3 Features of this project
1.3.1 User-Friendly Complaint Submission: -
The system offers a straightforward and user-friendly grievance submission form that is
specifically designed to make the process simple and accessible for students. The form provides
a clear and structured interface where students can select the appropriate grievance category
(such as academic issues, facility maintenance, harassment, etc.) and input a detailed description
of the issue they are facing. To make the complaint submission more robust, students can also
upload supporting documentation, including screenshots, PDFs, or images that help clarify or
strengthen their claim. This allows for a comprehensive view of the grievance, ensuring that the
administrators receive all relevant information needed to resolve the issue effectively.
Additionally, the form is equipped with client-side validation to prevent common errors. For
instance, if any required field is left blank or entered incorrectly, users receive immediate
feedback, guiding them to fix the issue before submitting their complaint. This built-in validation
ensures that complaints are complete, accurate, and actionable from the outset, reducing the
likelihood of delays or misunderstandings.
In addition to the standard submission process, the platform includes an anonymous
submission option to encourage students to report sensitive or uncomfortable issues without fear
of retaliation. This is especially important in cases of harassment or discrimination, where
students may feel unsafe disclosing their identity. By offering this feature, the system ensures
that all students can share their concerns freely, without compromising their privacy. Each
grievance submitted is automatically time-stamped and assigned a unique grievance ID, allowing
for easy tracking of the complaint’s status through its lifecycle—from submission to resolution.

1.3.2 Secure Admin Login Panel: -

The admin portal is equipped with a robust and secure login mechanism, designed to ensure that
only authorized users have access to the administrative functionalities. Every administrator is
assigned a unique username and password, which are securely stored in the system's database
using advanced encryption techniques (such as SHA-256 hashing). When an admin attempts to
log in, the system verifies the entered credentials against the stored records, ensuring that only
valid users can proceed. Upon successful authentication, a secure session is created for the admin,
granting them access to the dashboard and relevant features. To safeguard against potential
security threats, the system includes session timeout and automatic logout features, which ensure
that the admin is logged out after a period of inactivity. This prevents unauthorized users from
gaining access to sensitive information if the admin leaves their session open or unattended.
Additionally, to further strengthen the system’s security, all failed login attempts are logged
and monitored. If an administrator enters the wrong credentials multiple times, the system may

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trigger an account lockout or initiate other protective measures to prevent brute force attacks.
These proactive steps are crucial for preserving the integrity of the grievance management system
and ensuring that unauthorized individuals cannot gain access to sensitive student information or
tamper with complaint data. The implementation of these security measures is vital in
maintaining a trustworthy system for both students and administrators. This extra step would
enhance overall security and help protect against even the most advanced threats.

1.3.3 Real-Time Grievance Status Tracking: -

Once a student submits a grievance, the platform begins tracking its progress through various
stages, which may include Pending, Under Review, Resolved, or Closed. These stages reflect the
current status of the complaint, allowing both students and administrators to easily monitor the
grievance’s progress. As the grievance is reviewed and acted upon by the administrative team,
the status is updated accordingly to reflect any changes or actions taken. For instance, when an
administrator reviews the complaint, the status may change from "Pending" to "Under Review,"
indicating that the issue is being actively addressed. Once the issue is resolved, the status is
updated to "Resolved," and when the grievance has been fully addressed and no further action is
required, it is marked as "Closed." This status tracking feature ensures that grievances are not
left unresolved and that students are kept informed throughout the process.
To promote transparency and accountability, students can log into the platform using their
credentials or grievance ID to check the current status of their complaint at any time. They can
also view updates made by the administration, such as actions taken, responses given, and any
resolutions proposed. This continuous visibility into the grievance handling process helps foster
trust between the students and the administration, as it allows students to see that their concerns
are being taken seriously and addressed in a timely manner. Additionally, the system may include
a timeline or activity log, which offers a chronological view of the grievance’s lifecycle.

1.3.4 Admin Dashboard for Complaint Management: -

The admin dashboard serves as the central control hub for managing all submitted grievances. It
displays a sortable and searchable table of complaints, showing key details such as student ID,
complaint category, submission date, and current status. Admins can filter complaints by type,
urgency, department, or resolution stage to quickly locate and prioritize issues.
Each complaint can be expanded into a detailed view, where the admin can add resolution
notes, change the status, assign the case to another staff member, or mark it as resolved. The
dashboard improves operational efficiency by organizing complaints in a user-friendly format. It
also ensures no complaint is overlooked and allows for quick response, especially in high-volume
situations or during peak grievance periods.

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1.3.5 Username and Password Update for Admin:-
To maintain security and flexibility, the system allows administrators to change their username
and password directly from the admin panel. This is essential in cases where credentials may
have been shared, forgotten, or compromised. The process requires the admin to enter their
current password for verification, followed by the new username or password. Passwords are
validated against complexity rules (minimum length, special characters, etc.) to ensure strong
security.
The backend updates the encrypted password in the database and logs the change for audit
purposes. This feature empowers administrators to manage their own access securely without
needing technical support and encourages regular password updates—a best practice in system
administration.

1.3.6 Display of Management Members:-

A dedicated section is provided to display the list of management members involved in grievance
redressal. This includes full names, departments, roles (e.g., Dean of Student Affairs, Complaint
Officer), and optionally their email or contact numbers. This helps students and admins
understand the hierarchy and know who is responsible for addressing specific types of issues.
The management list can be updated by the admin, ensuring that any organizational changes
are quickly reflected on the site. This feature improves transparency and fosters a more trust-
based relationship between students and institutional authorities. It can also help in routing
complaints to the correct department or officer more efficiently.

1.3.7 Parent Information Access (Optional Feature):-

In institutions where parental involvement is necessary, the system includes the option to store
and display parent/guardian details for each student. This can include the parent’s name, phone
number, and email address. Such information becomes crucial in serious cases where the admin
must contact the student's guardian, such as behavioural issues, harassment cases, or academic
disputes.
The information is displayed only to authorized users, ensuring data privacy. Parent data can
be retrieved from the student’s profile or linked dynamically from the student registration
database. This feature supports smoother institutional communication and demonstrates a holistic
approach to student well-being, extending concern beyond the classroom.

1.3.8 Dynamic Report Generation:-

An essential administrative feature, the system supports automatic and manual generation of
reports based on the stored grievance data. These reports can include metrics such as the
number of grievances received, types of complaints, response time averages, resolved vs

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unresolved counts, and department-wise breakdowns. Reports can be generated monthly,

quarterly, or on demand.
Admins can export these reports in multiple formats—PDF for record-keeping, Excel for
data analysis, and even print formats for physical reviews. Visual aids such as bar graphs, pie
charts, and timelines can be integrated for better understanding. These reports help institutions
monitor grievance trends, evaluate admin response performance, and make data-driven policy
decisions. They also assist during audits or reviews by accreditation bodies.

1.4 Action plan

Sr.No. Details of Activity Planned Start Planned End Name of

Date Date Responsible Team
Members

Designing Of GUI Of 10/01/2025 31/01/2025 All Team Members

1.
System

2. Creation Of Database 02/02/2025 28/02/2025 All Team Members

3. Implementation 01/02/2025 03/03/2025 All Team Members

4. Error Solving 04/03/2025 10/03/2025 All Team Members

5. Testing 10/03/2025 12/03/2025 All Team Members

6. Project Report Writing 13/03/2025 16/03/2025 All Team Members

7. Project Presentation /03/2025 /03/2025 All Team Members

8. Project Demo All Team Members

As per notice

9. Defiance All Team Members

1.4 Action plan

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 Online Grievance System

2. LITERATURE SURVEY
2.1 Existing Systems Overview
Grievance redressal mechanisms have traditionally operated through manual processes in most
educational institutions. This often involves students writing formal complaints and submitting
them physically to a designated complaint box or to faculty members. While this process was
straightforward in design, it posed several limitations, especially as institutions grew in size and
complexity. The absence of a digital trail meant that tracking the status and resolution of each
grievance was practically impossible, often leaving students unsure whether their issues were
being addressed at all.
Moreover, the manual process was time-consuming both for students and for the
administrative staff. Processing and sorting complaints manually required considerable effort and
could lead to human error. During periods of high complaint volume, administrators often
became overwhelmed, resulting in a backlog of unresolved issues. Additionally, any delay in
response caused frustration among students, creating a negative perception of the institution’s
commitment to student welfare.
Security and privacy were also key concerns. Sensitive complaints—such as those involving
harassment, discrimination, or faculty misconduct—could be easily leaked or viewed by
unauthorized personnel. The lack of anonymity further discouraged students from reporting such
issues. Manual systems also lacked data analytics capabilities, making it hard for the
management to analyze trends or measure the effectiveness of grievance-handling procedures
over time.
Overall, while traditional systems served a purpose in small or less tech-dependent
environments, the demand for real-time, trackable, and secure solutions has grown. Institutions
now require platforms that ensure accountability, confidentiality, and operational efficiency—
necessitating the shift toward digital grievance redressal systems.

2.2 Gaps Identified in Existing Solutions

Despite the increasing shift toward digital platforms for grievance management, many existing
systems still fall short in various ways. A major limitation is the lack of real-time grievance
tracking for students. In several portals, once a complaint is submitted, the student receives no
further updates unless they manually follow up with administrators. This undermines the core
benefit of digitization and leaves students feeling unheard or ignored.
Another frequent shortcoming is the absence of customizable administrative settings, such
as allowing admins to change their own login credentials. In many systems, usernames and
passwords are hard-coded or require developer-level intervention to modify—posing a security

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risk in case of turnover or credential exposure. Additionally, there's little to no provision for role-
based access control, meaning everyone with backend access may have equal privileges,
potentially leading to mismanagement of sensitive data.
Furthermore, many platforms fail to provide integrated reporting tools. Without the ability
to generate detailed reports or charts based on submitted grievances, institutions miss out on
critical insights—such as identifying recurring issues in specific departments, tracking resolution
timeframes, or understanding common student concerns. The lack of data visualization or
downloadable reports reduces the system's administrative value.
Lastly, some systems ignore additional stakeholders, such as parents or management
members, who might play an important role in resolving specific grievances. Without visibility
into the responsible authorities or channels for parent involvement, such systems offer only a
narrow scope of resolution. Our project seeks to close these gaps by integrating features like
status tracking, admin flexibility, stakeholder display, and comprehensive reporting.

2.3 Comparative Study of Existing Digital Platforms

Several digital grievance redressal systems have been developed and adopted by educational
institutions, both in India and globally. Examples include AICTE’s Grievance Portal, university-
level online complaint forms, and custom-built ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) grievance
modules. These platforms generally allow students to log complaints, select categories, and
receive a grievance ID for reference. They have brought significant improvements over manual
systems, particularly in terms of convenience and accessibility.
However, many of these systems focus solely on complaint intake, with limited features
beyond that point. In some platforms, students can submit grievances but receive no further
communication about resolution timelines or status changes. Others may allow status updates but
fail to ensure transparency in how the issue is being handled. Additionally, the user interfaces in
many government or institutional portals are outdated, making navigation cumbersome—
especially for non-tech-savvy users.
Several platforms do not offer flexibility in customization. For example, while some
universities do have grievance systems, the admin roles are rigid, and no additional members
(such as parents, teachers, or deans) can be added to oversee specific complaints. This limits the
scope of the system and prevents a more inclusive approach to grievance resolution. Lack of
filtering, categorization, or priority tagging further reduces system efficiency.
What sets our platform apart is its end-to-end flow—from complaint submission to
resolution reporting—along with a clean user interface and extended visibility for both students
and stakeholders. We’ve studied these gaps carefully and structured our system with the aim of
delivering a balanced, functional, and accessible platform.
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2.4 Importance of Grievance Redressal in Academic Institutions
Grievance redressal is not just a procedural necessity—it is a cornerstone of a healthy, student-
centered educational environment. Institutions that provide effective channels for complaint
resolution demonstrate transparency, fairness, and responsibility. It fosters trust between students
and faculty, creating an atmosphere where students feel valued and protected. An efficient
grievance management system helps in reducing academic stress and ensuring that students'
educational experiences are not affected by unresolved issues.
Moreover, a good grievance redressal system encourages accountability at all levels.
Whether the issue involves miscommunication, harassment, poor facilities, or academic delays,
the system allows for proper investigation and resolution. When students see that their issues are
taken seriously and acted upon, it improves their overall satisfaction and strengthens the
institution’s reputation. This, in turn, can positively impact student retention and performance.
From an administrative perspective, grievance data can serve as a powerful decision-making
tool. Institutions can analyze trends in student feedback to identify systemic issues that require
policy changes. It also enables timely interventions that prevent minor issues from escalating into
larger problems. This data-driven approach ensures that grievance handling is proactive, not
reactive.
In conclusion, grievance redressal systems are essential for modern academic institutions.
They promote a culture of openness, respect, and continuous improvement. Our project not only
supports this vision but enhances it by using technology to ensure speed, transparency, and
comprehensive communication among all stakeholders.

2.5 Advantages of the Proposed System over Existing Solutions

The proposed Online Grievance Management System offers several key advantages that make it
significantly more effective and efficient compared to traditional or even existing digital
grievance platforms. One of the standout features is the system’s end-to-end transparency and
real-time tracking. Unlike many current systems where students are left in the dark after
submitting a complaint, our platform allows users to track the status of their grievance throughout
every stage—from submission to resolution—ensuring they are always informed about progress.
Another major benefit is the multi-stakeholder visibility and communication. The system not
only displays the complaints to the admin but also categorizes and displays them to management
members, and optionally, even to the student’s parents, depending on the type of grievance. This
improves accountability and speeds up the resolution process by involving all the relevant
authorities. Very few existing systems offer such flexible and inclusive access, which often leads
to communication breakdowns and delayed responses.

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Security and administrative flexibility are also improved in our system. Admins are given the
ability to change their usernames and passwords, adding an extra layer of control and safety. In
many existing systems, admin credentials are fixed or require backend access to be changed—
posing a risk in cases of password leakage or staff changes. Our system eliminates this issue by
integrating credential management directly within the user interface, making it more secure and
user-friendly.
Finally, the platform incorporates automated report generation, which allows institutions to
generate detailed summaries of all submitted grievances, including dates, types, statuses, and
handling authorities. This facilitates strategic planning, quality assurance, and timely audits.
Compared to older systems which rely on manual extraction of data or do not support report
generation at all, this feature greatly enhances operational efficiency and policy decision-making.
In summary, our proposed solution is more dynamic, secure, and transparent than existing
grievance systems. It combines ease of use with powerful backend functionality, ensuring that
all stakeholders have access to the right information at the right time. By closing the gaps left by
other systems and providing a full-featured, modern interface, our platform represents a forward-
thinking solution to student grievance management.
Some additional key advantages are:

2.5.1 Real-Time Grievance Status Tracking

One of the core features that sets our system apart is the ability for students to track the status of
their grievances in real-time. Once a grievance is submitted, the student can view whether it has
been acknowledged, assigned, under review, or resolved—all through an intuitive interface. This
eliminates the frustration of uncertainty and builds trust in the system. Real-time updates ensure
students feel heard and reassured that their concerns are being actively worked on.

In contrast, many existing systems either do not update students on their grievance status or
only provide a vague notification after the issue is resolved. Our system offers a timeline-like
view of progress, which not only improves transparency but also motivates admins and
management to resolve grievances promptly, knowing that the student can monitor delays.

2.5.2 Enhanced Role-Based Access Control

Another standout feature is our robust role-based access system. Admins, management, and even
parents (if permitted) are provided tailored access to grievance information based on their role.
This ensures that sensitive information is only accessible to authorized users while still
encouraging broader participation in the grievance resolution process.
Unlike basic systems that often treat all backend users equally, our project makes a clear
distinction between user roles and their privileges. Admins can modify credentials, management

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can review and act on complaints, and students and parents can monitor updates. This structure
significantly improves both data security and workflow management.

2.5.3 Integration of Stakeholder Visibility

A major advantage of our system is its ability to show relevant grievance data to different
stakeholders—students, parents, and management members. For grievances that involve serious
concerns or student welfare, parents can also be informed and included in the resolution process.
This brings transparency, accountability, and inclusiveness into the grievance redressal
mechanism.
Most existing systems completely exclude parents or limit visibility only to the admin panel,
leaving out important actors who could contribute to resolving the issue. Our system addresses
this gap by ensuring that everyone involved in a grievance is appropriately looped in based on
the nature and sensitivity of the issue.

2.5.4 Automatic Report Generation and Analytics

The system automatically generates comprehensive reports that help the institution assess
grievance types, frequency, response timelines, and department-wise statistics. This data can be
exported in printable formats and used for audits, quality improvement, or performance reviews
of handling staff.
Many traditional or outdated systems don’t offer this capability, forcing institutions to
manually gather complaint data for analysis, which is time-consuming and error-prone. By
integrating real-time analytics and downloadable reports, our platform simplifies administrative
reviews and helps institutions take data-driven decisions to improve their grievance handling
processes.

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3. SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

3.1 Scope
The Grievance Management System is a comprehensive digital platform designed to streamline
the submission, tracking, and resolution of grievances within an organization, such as schools,
colleges, or corporations. It aims to ensure that all grievances are managed in a transparent,
timely, and efficient manner. The system is built to:
1. Provide a User-Friendly Interface for Grievance Submission: Allow students (or users) to
submit complaints easily, either anonymously or with identification, based on categories
such as academic issues, facilities, harassment, etc.
2. Track Grievance Progress: Ensure transparency by allowing both students and
administrators to track the status of complaints through stages such as "Pending," "Under
Review," "Resolved," or "Closed."
3. Enable Admin Management: Allow administrators to manage and review grievances,
update their status, and resolve issues efficiently while ensuring the security of sensitive
data.
4. Ensure Secure and Transparent Communication: Notify students and admins of updates
regarding their grievances, ensuring consistent communication and reducing manual
follow-ups.
5. Data Security and Privacy: Include secure login mechanisms, encryption for sensitive data,
and privacy policies, ensuring that students' personal information is protected.

3.1.1 Target Audience:-

The Grievance Management System is specifically designed to serve students within an
educational institution. Its primary goal is to provide students with an easy, efficient, and secure
platform for submitting and tracking grievances related to academic issues, facilities, personal
concerns, or any other challenges they may face during their educational journey. The platform
ensures that students have a direct and transparent way of voicing their concerns, ensuring that
their voices are heard by the administration. By offering features like anonymous submission
options, students can feel confident in reporting sensitive issues without fear of retaliation.
Additionally, the system's user-friendly interface makes it accessible to students of all technical
skill levels, allowing them to navigate through the grievance process seamlessly. Through this
system, students are empowered to take an active role in improving their campus environment
by addressing issues that directly affect their academic and personal experiences. The platform
ensures a streamlined and transparent communication channel between students and
administration, promoting a fair and responsive campus culture.
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3.1.2 Job Listings and Job Search:-
The Grievance Management System provides students with a simple yet effective way to submit
their complaints, ensuring a smooth process from start to finish. Upon accessing the platform,
students are presented with an intuitive submission form where they can choose from various
grievance categories, such as academic issues, facility problems, harassment, or general
concerns. This categorization helps streamline the complaint-handling process by directing the
grievances to the appropriate department or authority for review. Students are required to provide
a detailed description of their issue, and they may also upload relevant documents, such as
screenshots or PDFs, to support their claims. To ensure the accuracy and completeness of
submissions, the system incorporates client-side validations, providing real-time feedback if any
required fields are missed or incorrectly filled.
For added confidentiality, an anonymous submission option is available, allowing students to
report issues without revealing their identity, particularly for sensitive concerns. The platform's
categorization feature ensures that each grievance is appropriately handled, speeding up the
resolution process and guaranteeing that students' concerns are addressed efficiently. By
digitizing the grievance submission process, the system removes the need for traditional paper-
based methods, providing a more transparent, quick, and reliable way for students to seek
assistance.

3.1.3 Grievance Submission, Categorization, and Tracking:-

The grievance management system allows students to easily submit their complaints through an
intuitive online platform. Upon submission, each grievance is assigned a unique ID and
categorized based on its nature (e.g., academic, administrative, facility-related, etc.). This ensures
that complaints are directed to the appropriate department or personnel for resolution. Once a
grievance is submitted, students can track its progress through various stages, such as Pending,
Under Review, Resolved, or Closed. The system allows students to log in using their grievance
ID or credentials to view the current status of their complaint, ensuring complete transparency
and real-time updates.
In addition to status updates, the system keeps a detailed activity log that records each action
taken on the grievance, including when it was received, when it was reviewed, and when any
actions were initiated or completed. This timeline helps students stay informed about the progress
of their complaints and provides insight into the administrative handling of the issue. Automated
notifications are sent to students whenever there is a change in status, ensuring that they do not
miss any updates. The ability to track grievances in real-time and receive instant alerts
significantly enhances the user experience, offering peace of mind to students as they monitor
the resolution process.

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3.1.4 Admin Dashboard, Complaint Resolution, and Communication:-

The Admin Dashboard is a central feature that empowers administrators to efficiently manage
and resolve grievances. Admins can view all grievances submitted by students, sort them by
categories, and assign them to the relevant departments or personnel based on the nature of the
complaint. This functionality streamlines the process of grievance resolution, as it ensures that
each issue is addressed by the correct team. The system also enables admins to update the status
of grievances, move them through the various stages (Pending, Under Review, Resolved,
Closed), and document any actions taken in response to the complaint.
Communication between students and admins is made easy through the platform, with built-
in messaging functionality that allows admins to request additional information from students or
clarify any issues that may arise during the investigation. Admins can also add notes or attach
relevant documents to the grievance record, ensuring that all information is centralized and easily
accessible. This helps in creating a structured and efficient grievance management process, where
no detail is overlooked, and no grievance is left unresolved. Admins are able to manage a high
volume of complaints effectively, improving the overall administrative workflow.

3.1.5 Notification System, Feedback, and Data Security

The grievance management system incorporates an automated notification system that keeps
students informed throughout the grievance process. Whenever there is a change in the grievance
status, students receive timely alerts via email or in-platform notifications. For example, they are
notified when their grievance moves from "Pending" to "Under Review," or when it is marked
as "Resolved." These notifications ensure that students are always up-to-date with the progress
of their complaints, preventing them from needing to manually follow up with administrators.
Additionally, the system can send reminders to administrators if grievances are left unresolved
for too long, which helps avoid unnecessary delays.
Once a grievance is resolved, students are encouraged to provide feedback on the resolution
process. This feedback can include a rating of their experience or specific comments regarding
the effectiveness of the resolution. The feedback system helps administrators assess the quality
of the grievance handling process and make improvements as needed. By actively collecting and
analyzing feedback, the platform ensures that the grievance management system continues to
evolve and meet the expectations of students.
Security and privacy are top priorities for the grievance system. All personal information and
grievance data are securely stored, with encryption used to protect sensitive details from
unauthorized access. Only authorized personnel, such as designated administrators, have access
to the grievance data, ensuring strict data privacy and compliance with relevant regulations. This

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emphasis on security ensures that students can submit complaints without concerns about their
personal information being compromised, fostering trust and confidence in the system.

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3.2 Advantages
3.2.1 Real-Time Grievance Status Tracking:-
One of the core features that distinctly sets our Online Grievance Management System apart from
traditional or existing platforms is its real-time grievance status tracking. As soon as a grievance
is submitted, students have immediate access to a detailed, transparent view of its status. The
system allows students to monitor whether their grievance has been acknowledged, assigned to
a specific individual or team, is under review, or has been resolved. This is all displayed through
an intuitive and user-friendly interface, making it easy for students to understand the progress of
their complaints at a glance.
This level of transparency is critical in building trust in the system. Often, in older systems,
students may face frustrating periods of uncertainty where they are unsure whether their
complaint has been even received, much less addressed. Such ambiguity can lead to
dissatisfaction and loss of confidence in the grievance redressal process. By offering real-time
updates, our platform eliminates these frustrations and ensures students feel reassured that their
concerns are being actively worked on. Additionally, the timeline view of grievance progress
provides a clear understanding of how long each stage of the resolution process takes, which
helps motivate both the administrators and the management to address grievances promptly and
efficiently.
Furthermore, this system allows students to be notified of any delays or developments
throughout the process. In comparison, many traditional grievance systems fail to notify students
until a decision has been made or the issue has been resolved, which can result in students feeling
disconnected from the process. With real-time grievance status tracking, students are empowered
with the information they need to feel heard, validated, and informed, ultimately fostering a more
positive experience with the grievance management system.

3.2.2 Enhanced Role-Based Access Control:-

Another standout feature of our Online Grievance Management System is the role-based access
control (RBAC). In our platform, users—whether they are admins, management members, or
parents—are given tailored access to grievance data based on their role and level of involvement
in the grievance process. This system ensures that sensitive and confidential information is only
accessible to authorized personnel, significantly improving both data security and privacy.
Admins, for example, have full access to modify user credentials, manage grievances, and
oversee the system’s entire operation. Meanwhile, management members have a more limited
but essential level of access, which enables them to review grievances, assign them to the
appropriate staff, and ensure timely resolutions. The system also allows students and, when
appropriate, their parents, to monitor the status of submitted grievances. However, access to
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detailed information is restricted based on the nature of the grievance and the privacy preferences
set by the institution.
This granular approach to access control enhances the workflow by ensuring that everyone
involved has the right level of visibility. It prevents unauthorized individuals from accessing
sensitive information while promoting accountability at every level of the grievance resolution
process. Most traditional grievance management systems lack this level of role-based
differentiation, leading to potential security risks or unauthorized access to personal data. By
incorporating a robust and clear access control mechanism, our platform ensures that every user
sees only the information relevant to them, reducing the likelihood of information leaks or
mishandling of grievances.

3.2.3 Integration of Stakeholder Visibility:-

A significant and valuable advantage of our platform is the integration of stakeholder visibility,
which plays a pivotal role in ensuring a more transparent, inclusive, and accountable grievance
management system. Unlike many traditional grievance systems that limit visibility of grievance
data to administrators or a single department, our system allows multiple stakeholders to be
informed and actively engaged in the grievance resolution process.
For instance, parents can be brought into the loop in cases where the grievance involves
student welfare or any sensitive issues that may require their awareness and involvement. By
including parents in the process, the system provides an added layer of support and involvement,
ensuring that students’ concerns are addressed comprehensively and with full consideration of
their well-being. Parents will receive real-time updates on their child's grievance and can track
the progress along with their child, thus fostering a sense of collaboration and engagement from
all parties involved.
Additionally, this visibility extends to various management tiers within the institution.
Grievances are not just shown to a single admin but are categorized and displayed to specific
departments or managers who are best suited to handle them. This ensures that relevant parties
are engaged early on and that issues are resolved by the appropriate authorities without
unnecessary delays. This integration of stakeholders creates a more robust and cohesive
grievance management ecosystem, where everyone involved is kept up to date on the status of
the issue and can contribute to its resolution when necessary.

3.2.4 Personalized Job and Course Recommendations:-

LinkBridge leverages smart algorithms to deliver personalized job and course recommendations
tailored to each user’s unique profile. The platform analyzes factors such as skills, educational
background, work experience, and career goals to curate opportunities that align with the user’s
aspirations. This personalization saves time and increases the chances of users finding roles or
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courses that are the right fit for their needs. For instance, a user seeking to transition into a new
industry might receive recommendations for relevant certifications and entry-level roles in that
field. Similarly, job seekers in competitive markets benefit from tailored suggestions that help
them focus on opportunities suited to their strengths. By combining data-driven insights with
user preferences, LinkBridge ensures that every recommendation is meaningful and actionable,
enhancing the overall user experience.Employers can use advanced search filters to identify
candidates based on specific qualifications, skills, and experience, ensuring a precise match for
their needs. Additionally, communication tools within the platform facilitate direct engagement
with potential hires, allowing for quicker follow-ups and interviews.
3.2.5 Automatic Report Generation and Analytics:-
Our automatic report generation and analytics feature adds a significant layer of operational
efficiency to the grievance management system. With this functionality, institutions can easily
generate comprehensive reports that capture a wide range of data related to grievances, such as
the number and types of grievances submitted, their resolution times, and the departments
involved. These reports provide institutions with powerful insights into the overall health of
their grievance management processes and can be used for audits, performance reviews, and
continuous improvement efforts.
The reports are automatically generated based on real-time data, meaning that there is no
need for time-consuming manual data extraction or compilation. This eliminates the risk of
human error and allows administrators to focus their time on resolving grievances rather than
spending it on administrative tasks. Reports can be generated in a variety of formats—PDF,
CSV, or Excel—making it easy for institutions to analyze the data and use it for decision-
making purposes.
Moreover, the platform’s built-in analytics tools allow institutions to track trends, identify
recurring issues, and evaluate the performance of staff and departments in resolving grievances.
This data-driven approach to grievance management enables institutions to make informed
decisions on areas that require improvement or adjustments, ensuring that the grievance
redressal process continually evolves to meet the needs of students and staff. Many traditional
grievance systems lack such analytics capabilities, forcing institutions to rely on outdated or
incomplete data.

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2.6 Features
1.3.1 User-Friendly Complaint Submission: -
The system offers a straightforward and user-friendly grievance submission form that is
specifically designed to make the process simple and accessible for students. The form provides
a clear and structured interface where students can select the appropriate grievance category
(such as academic issues, facility maintenance, harassment, etc.) and input a detailed description
of the issue they are facing. To make the complaint submission more robust, students can also
upload supporting documentation, including screenshots, PDFs, or images that help clarify or
strengthen their claim. This allows for a comprehensive view of the grievance, ensuring that the
administrators receive all relevant information needed to resolve the issue effectively.
Additionally, the form is equipped with client-side validation to prevent common errors. For
instance, if any required field is left blank or entered incorrectly, users receive immediate
feedback, guiding them to fix the issue before submitting their complaint. This built-in validation
ensures that complaints are complete, accurate, and actionable from the outset, reducing the
likelihood of delays or misunderstandings.

1.3.2 Secure Admin Login Panel: -

The admin portal is equipped with a robust and secure login mechanism, designed to ensure that
only authorized users have access to the administrative functionalities. Every administrator is
assigned a unique username and password, which are securely stored in the system's database
using advanced encryption techniques (such as SHA-256 hashing). When an admin attempts to
log in, the system verifies the entered credentials against the stored records, ensuring that only
valid users can proceed. Upon successful authentication, a secure session is created for the admin,
granting them access to the dashboard and relevant features. To safeguard against potential
security threats, the system includes session timeout and automatic logout features, which ensure
that the admin is logged out after a period of inactivity. This prevents unauthorized users from
gaining access to sensitive information if the admin leaves their session open or unattended.
Additionally, to further strengthen the system’s security, all failed login attempts are logged
and monitored. If an administrator enters the wrong credentials multiple times, the system may
trigger an account lockout or initiate other protective measures to prevent brute force attacks.

1.3.3 Real-Time Grievance Status Tracking: -

Once a student submits a grievance, the platform begins tracking its progress through various
stages, which may include Pending, Under Review, Resolved, or Closed. These stages reflect the
current status of the complaint, allowing both students and administrators to easily monitor the
grievance’s progress. As the grievance is reviewed and acted upon by the administrative team,
the status is updated accordingly to reflect any changes or actions taken. For instance, when an
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administrator reviews the complaint, the status may change from "Pending" to "Under Review,"
indicating that the issue is being actively addressed. Once the issue is resolved, the status is
updated to "Resolved," and when the grievance has been fully addressed and no further action is
required, it is marked as "Closed." This status tracking feature ensures that grievances are not
left unresolved and that students are kept informed throughout the process.
To promote transparency and accountability, students can log into the platform using their
credentials or grievance ID to check the current status of their complaint at any time. They can
also view updates made by the administration, such as actions taken, responses given, and any
resolutions proposed.

1.3.4 Admin Dashboard for Complaint Management: -

The admin dashboard serves as the central control hub for managing all submitted grievances. It
displays a sortable and searchable table of complaints, showing key details such as student ID,
complaint category, submission date, and current status. Admins can filter complaints by type,
urgency, department, or resolution stage to quickly locate and prioritize issues.
Each complaint can be expanded into a detailed view, where the admin can add resolution
notes, change the status, assign the case to another staff member, or mark it as resolved. The
dashboard improves operational efficiency by organizing complaints in a user-friendly format. It
also ensures no complaint is overlooked and allows for quick response, especially in high-volume
situations or during peak grievance periods.

1.3.5 Username and Password Update for Admin:-

To maintain security and flexibility, the system allows administrators to change their username
and password directly from the admin panel. This is essential in cases where credentials may
have been shared, forgotten, or compromised. The process requires the admin to enter their
current password for verification, followed by the new username or password. Passwords are
validated against complexity rules (minimum length, special characters, etc.) to ensure strong
security.
The backend updates the encrypted password in the database and logs the change for audit
purposes. This feature empowers administrators to manage their own access securely without
needing technical support and encourages regular password updates—a best practice in system
administration.

1.3.6 Display of Management Members:-

A dedicated section is provided to display the list of management members involved in grievance
redressal. This includes full names, departments, roles (e.g., Dean of Student Affairs, Complaint

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Officer), and optionally their email or contact numbers. This helps students and admins
understand the hierarchy and know who is responsible for addressing specific types of issues.
The management list can be updated by the admin, ensuring that any organizational changes
are quickly reflected on the site. This feature improves transparency and fosters a more trust-
based relationship between students and institutional authorities. It can also help in routing
complaints to the correct department or officer more efficiently.

1.3.7 Parent Information Access (Optional Feature):-

In institutions where parental involvement is necessary, the system includes the option to store
and display parent/guardian details for each student. This can include the parent’s name, phone
number, and email address. Such information becomes crucial in serious cases where the admin
must contact the student's guardian, such as behavioural issues, harassment cases, or academic
disputes.
The information is displayed only to authorized users, ensuring data privacy. Parent data can
be retrieved from the student’s profile or linked dynamically from the student registration
database. This feature supports smoother institutional communication and demonstrates a holistic
approach to student well-being, extending concern beyond the classroom.

1.3.8 Dynamic Report Generation:-

An essential administrative feature, the system supports automatic and manual generation of
reports based on the stored grievance data. These reports can include metrics such as the
number of grievances received, types of complaints, response time averages, resolved vs
unresolved counts, and department-wise breakdowns. Reports can be generated monthly,
quarterly, or on demand.
Admins can export these reports in multiple formats—PDF for record-keeping, Excel for
data analysis, and even print formats for physical reviews. Visual aids such as bar graphs, pie
charts, and timelines can be integrated for better understanding. These reports help institutions
monitor grievance trends, evaluate admin response performance, and make data-driven policy
decisions. They also assist during audits or reviews by accreditation bodies.

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4. METHODOLOGY
4.1 Main module and sub modules
4.1.1 User Module:-
The User Module in LinkBridge serves as the central hub for individual users, enabling them to
access and manage various platform features tailored to their needs. It allows users to create and
maintain a personalized account, where they can update their profile, manage job applications,
and track their learning progress. The module provides an intuitive dashboard that organizes
essential tools and information, such as job recommendations, notifications, and saved searches.
Users can also enroll in courses, network with professionals, and participate in community
discussions directly from this module. Additionally, it incorporates advanced algorithms to
deliver personalized content, such as job postings and skill-building resources, ensuring that
users have access to opportunities that align with their goals. Through the User Module,
LinkBridge ensures a seamless, user-friendly experience, empowering individuals to manage
their career growth effectively.

4.1.2 Industry Module:-

The Industry Module is designed to cater to employers, recruiters, and industry professionals
who use LinkBridge to connect with talent and promote opportunities. This module allows
companies to create detailed profiles showcasing their values, culture, and job openings,
enhancing their employer branding. It provides tools for posting jobs and internships, managing
applications, and directly interacting with candidates. Employers can also use analytics to track
the performance of their job listings and refine their hiring strategies. Additionally, the Industry
Module offers features like event creation for webinars or workshops, enabling organizations to
engage with a broader professional audience. By providing these comprehensive tools,
LinkBridge ensures that industries can efficiently source talent and build a strong presence within
the professional community.

4.1.3 Search Option:-

The Search Option in LinkBridge is a powerful feature that simplifies the process of finding jobs,
internships, courses, and connections. It provides users with an advanced search engine equipped
with filters such as location, industry, job type, experience level, and more. This functionality
allows users to quickly narrow down relevant results, saving them time and effort. The search
engine is supported by smart algorithms that provide tailored suggestions based on the user’s
profile, past searches, and preferences. Whether a user is looking for remote roles, specialized
courses, or specific companies, the Search Option ensures they can easily access the most
relevant opportunities. Search option will be displayed on Job, Internship and course module.
The platform provides sorting options to organize results by relevance, date posted, or popularity.
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4.1.4 Job, Internship, and Course Catalogue
The Job, Internship, and Course Catalogue is a well-organized repository that brings together a
wide range of opportunities and learning resources. It provides users with access to thousands of
listings across various industries and fields, catering to diverse professional needs. Each entry in
the catalogue is detailed, including information on roles, responsibilities, required qualifications,
application deadlines, and course content. Users can browse or search the catalogue and apply
directly through the platform or enroll in relevant courses. Personalized recommendations within
the catalogue help users discover opportunities suited to their career goals, while real-time
updates ensure they never miss out on new listings.

4.1.5 Profile Creation:-

Profile Creation is a core feature of LinkBridge, enabling users to build a professional and
comprehensive digital presence. The platform allows users to create visually appealing profiles
that highlight their skills, education, experience, and certifications. It goes beyond traditional
resumes by enabling the inclusion of multimedia elements like project samples, portfolios, or
videos. The profile creation tool is user-friendly, offering templates and suggestions to ensure
profiles are polished and impactful. Additionally, users can link their achievements,
endorsements, and course completions directly to their profiles, enhancing their credibility.
These profiles are not only accessible to potential employers but can also be shared across social
platforms for increased visibility.

4.1.6 Candidate Search & Screening:-

The Candidate Search and Screening feature is designed to assist employers in efficiently
identifying and evaluating potential hires. This tool allows recruiters to search the LinkBridge
talent pool using specific filters such as skills, experience, location, and education. Advanced
algorithms rank candidates based on their suitability for a role, streamlining the selection process.
Additionally, the platform may include tools for automated screening, such as keyword matching
or skill assessments, to help recruiters shortlist top candidates quickly. Candidate search and
screening are critical processes in recruitment that ensure employers find the most suitable
individuals for their roles. The candidate search phase involves identifying and sourcing potential
candidates from various channels, including job boards, professional networking platforms,
company databases, and social media. Advanced technologies like AI-powered algorithms and
search filters are increasingly used to streamline this process, enabling recruiters to find
candidates based on specific criteria such as skills, qualifications, experience, and location.
Platforms that support candidate search often provide tools for posting job ads and The Candidate
Search and Screening feature is designed to assist employers in efficiently identifying and
evaluating potential hires. actively searching for candidates who meet predefined requirements,

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ensuring that recruiters can quickly identify talent pools. Screening, on the other hand, focuses
on evaluating candidates to determine suitability.

4.2 DFD Level-0 Diagram

Fig 4.2 DFD Level-0 Diagram

The given DFD Level 0 Context Diagram represents the LinkBridge System, which facilitates
job searches, internships, and courses. The User interacts with the LinkBridge System to search
for opportunities, while Companies provide job postings, internships, and course details. The
system processes these interactions and retrieves relevant data from its Database. There are two
databases: one linked to the LinkBridge System, storing user and job-related data, and another
connected to Companies, storing employer-provided information. The system ensures smooth
data flow between users, companies, and databases. Finally, the process concludes at the END,
indicating successful completion of user requests, such as retrieving job listings or submitting
applications. This diagram provides a high-level overview of how data flows within the
LinkBridge platform without detailing internal processing steps.
The LinkBridge System serves as the central entity that connects users with relevant career
opportunities by processing queries and fetching data. Users can filter results based on job type,
location, or industry, ensuring a personalized experience. The system maintains an efficient data
exchange between users, companies, and databases, ensuring accuracy and relevance. The
process concludes at the END, marking the successful completion of user requests, such as job
There are two databases: one linked to the LinkBridge System, storing user and job-related data,

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and another connected to Companies, storing employer-provided information. The system
processes these interactions and retrieves data from its Database.
4.3 DFD Level-1 Diagram

Fig 4.3 DFD Level-1 Diagram

The DFD Level 1 - User & Company Registration/Login diagram illustrates the detailed process
of how users and companies register or log in to the LinkBridge System. The process starts at
the START node, where users or companies begin their registration or login journey. The first
step requires the entity (user or company) to choose the account type, determining whether they
are registering as a job seeker or a company looking to post job openings or internships. Once
the account type is selected, the process branches into the new registration process for users or
companies who do not have an account. In this step, they are prompted to enter details such as
name, email, and other required information to proceed with the registration. The system then
moves forward to validate and store the entered details in the database, ensuring that the
information is accurate, complete, and unique. After the validation process is completed
successfully, the system redirects the user to the login page, allowing them to access their newly
created account. At this stage, the registered user or company can log in using their credentials
and proceed with job searching, application submissions, or posting vacancies. Finally, the
process reaches the END, indicating the successful completion of the registration or login
process.
This DFD Level 1 diagram provides a structured view of how new users and companies interact
with the system when creating an account. It highlights the key processes, including interact with
the system when creating an account. It highlights the key processes, including choosing an
account type, entering details, validation, and redirection. The diagram helps developers and
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stakeholders understand the data flow within the registration and login module of the LinkBridge
platform, ensuring a seamless user experience and efficient account management. The process
begins at the START node, where users initiate the registration or login journey. The first step
involves selecting the account type, where users must specify whether they are job seekers
looking for employment or companies wanting to post job opportunities, internships, or courses.
This step is crucial because it determines the type of information the system will collect in the
next stage.
4.4 DFD Level-2 Diagram

Fig 4.4 DFD Level-2 Diagram

The DFD Level 2 - Login Process for User & Company diagram provides a detailed breakdown
of the login process for users and companies within the LinkBridge System. This diagram
outlines how users authenticate themselves and gain access to their accounts. The process begins
at the START node, where the user or company initiates the login attempt. The first step involves
navigating to the Login Page, where they are required to enter their email and password. These
credentials serve as authentication factors to verify the user's identity.
Once the user submits their login details, the system proceeds to the Validate Credentials
stage. Here, the entered email and password are checked against the stored records in the
database. The system verifies whether the credentials match an existing user or company
account. If the user exists in the database, the login attempt is considered successful, and the
system redirects the user to the dashboard, allowing them to access job opportunities, manage
applications, or post job listings. However, if the user does not exist in the database, or if the
login attempt has failed. The user is then given the option to re-enter their credentials or recover
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their password. This step ensures security by preventing unauthorized access while guiding
users towards successful authentication. Finally, the process reaches the END node, signifying
the completion of the login attempt. This Level 2 DFD provides a clear view of the decision-
making process involved in user authentication, ensuring that only valid users gain access while
maintaining security and preventing unauthorized entry. By structuring the authentication flow
in this manner, the system enhances user experience and ensures data integrity.

4.5 Flow Chart - Login and Signp

Fig.4.5 Login and Signp

The flowchart illustrates the user registration and login process in a structured manner. It
visually represents the steps a user follows when signing up and logging into a system. The
process begins with the Start (Home) node, where the user initiates the interaction. The system
then checks whether the provided details match those stored in the database.
step is Sign Up, which indicates that the user is new to the system and wants to create an account.
This leads to the New User Registration step, where the user provides necessary details such as
name, email, and password. Once the required information is entered, the system proceeds to
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Save User in Database, ensuring that the credentials and user details are stored securely for future
authentication. After successful registration, the user moves to the Login step, where they must
enter their credentials to access their account. The system then checks whether the provided
details match those stored in the database. This is represented by the User Authenticated?
decision point. If authentication is successful (Yes), the user is granted access and redirected to
the User Dashboard, where they can explore various features of the system, such as job listings,
applications, or other functionalities. However, if authentication fails (No), the system redirects
the user back to the Login Page, allowing them to retry or recover their credentials.
This flowchart provides a clear and structured view of the user registration and authentication
process, ensuring a seamless and secure user experience while maintaining system integrity.

4.6 Flow Chart - User Dashboard

Fig 4.6 User Dashboard

The flowchart represents the user journey after logging in. It starts from the User Dashboard,
where users can manage their profiles by editing details and adding skills. Next, users can search
for jobs and internships, apply for positions, save opportunities, and use filters to refine results.
The final step focuses on networking and connecting with professionals by sending connection
requests and discovering people they may know. This structured flow ensures users can
efficiently build their profiles, explore job opportunities, and expand their professional network
within the platform, enhancing their career prospects and professional connections. The

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flowchart outlines the key functionalities available to a user after logging into the system. It
begins at the User Dashboard, where users can view and update their profiles, including adding
skills to enhance their visibility to recruiters.

4.7 Flow Chart - Job Search and Internship

Fig.4.7 Job Search and Internship

The flowchart outlines the job and internship application process in a structured manner. It starts
with "Job and Internship Search," where users look for suitable opportunities. Next, in "Search
for Job and Internship," users filter job listings based on factors like location, industry, or job
type. Once they find a suitable job, they proceed to "View Job/Internship Details" to review job
descriptions, qualifications, responsibilities, and other key details. If the job aligns with their
interests, they move to "Apply to Job/Internship," signaling their intent to submit an application.
The process then advances to "Resume Opens," where users either upload an existing resume or
create/edit one. Some applications may also require additional documents, such as a cover letter
or responses to screening questions. Finally, in "Submit Application," users formally send their
applications to employers for review. They may receive confirmation emails, status updates, or
interview requests based on their application progress.
Job seekers can systematically find, review, and apply for jobs or internships, improving their
chances of securing suitable career opportunities. This flowchart simplifies the job application
process into sequential steps, ensuring a smooth experience for users. It highlights key actions
like searching for opportunities, reviewing details, applying, and submitting a resume. The

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structured approach helps job seekers efficiently manage their applications while improving
their chances of securing employment or internships.
4.8 Use Case Diagram:

Fig. 4.8 Use Case Diagram

The second diagram is a use case diagram that represents the various features available to users
on the LinkedIn platform. It identifies the User and LinkedIn as the primary actors. The diagram
showcases key functionalities that users can access, starting with Signup, where new users
register to create an account. showcases key functionalities that users can access, starting with
Signup, where new users register to create an account. This step includes user validation, which
ensures that only legitimate users gain access to the platform. Existing users can log in to their
accounts, and the Login use case includes an extension for Login Error,which handles scenarios

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where users experience issues accessing their accounts. Once logged in, users can explore
LinkedIn’s core features. They can Add Connections to grow their professional network,
enabling them to connect with colleagues and industry peers. Messaging allows users to
communicate directly with their connections, fostering professional relationships and
collaboration. The Job Postings feature lets users view and apply for job opportunities. This use
case extends to include Apply for Job and Contact Recruiter, allowing users to either apply
directly or reach out to recruiters for networking or inquiries.
The Profile feature enables users to manage and update their professional information. They
can also post updates via the Posting Status use case, which extends to include writing articles,
sharing photos, or posting ideas, allowing users to showcase expertise and share content with
their network. This diagram effectively captures LinkedIn’s focus on enhancing user experience,
networking, communication, and career advancement. The second diagram is a use case diagram
that illustrates the core functionalities of LinkedIn, a professional networking platform, by
mapping out interactions between the user and the platform. The main actors in this diagram are
the User and LinkedIn itself. The user interacts with LinkedIn to access its various features,
beginning with Signup, where new users register to create accounts. This process includes User
Validation to ensure authenticity. Existing users can log in through the Login use case, which
includes an extension for Login Error, addressing scenarios where users encounter issues logging
in. Once logged in, users can utilize LinkedIn’s primary features. One of the key functionalities
is Add Connection, allowing users to grow their professional network by connecting with
colleagues, peers, and industry professionals. LinkedIn also facilitates Messaging, which enables
direct communication between users, fostering collaboration and relationship building. Another
essential feature is Jobs Postings, where users can view job opportunities shared by recruiters
and companies. This use case extends to include Apply for Job, which allows users to apply
directly to job postings, and Contact Recruiter, enabling them to reach out to hiring professionals
for networking or inquiries. Additionally, the diagram highlights LinkedIn’s Profile feature,
which allows users to manage their professional information by updating their profiles. This
feature also supports the Posting Status use case, where users can share updates, articles, photos,
or ideas with their network.

4.9 Planned Resources

1. Compatible Computer System.

2. Programming language- React.js, TypeScript, Node.js, Express.js.

3. Database- MongoDB with Mongoose

4.9.1 React.js (Frontend Language Used)

React.js is an open-source JavaScript library developed by Facebook for building dynamic and
interactive user interfaces, particularly single-page applications (SPAs). It follows a component-
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based architecture, where the UI is broken down into reusable and independent components,
making development modular and efficient. One of React’s standout features is the Virtual
DOM, which optimizes rendering performance by updating only the parts of the UI that have
changed instead of reloading the entire page. React also introduces JSX, a syntax extension that
allows developers to write HTML-like code directly within JavaScript, improving code
readability and maintainability. With built-in state management using hooks like useState and
useEffect, React enables developers to handle dynamic data seamlessly. It also supports global
state management solutions like Context API and Redux. React Router facilitates client-side
routing, allowing SPAs to navigate smoothly without full-page reloads. React’s flexibility and
performance make it one of the most widely used frontend technologies, capable of integrating
with various backend systems and third-party libraries to build scalable, fast, and responsive web
applications.

4.9.2 TypeScript (Frontend Language Used)

TypeScript is a statically typed superset of JavaScript developed by Microsoft, designed to
improve code maintainability, scalability, and reliability in large applications. Unlike JavaScript,
where variable types are inferred dynamically, TypeScript enforces static typing, helping
developers catch errors during development rather than at runtime. This feature enhances
debugging, leading to fewer runtime errors and more predictable code. TypeScript introduces
interfaces, generics, and type annotations, allowing developers to define clear and structured data
models. It also provides better tooling support with IntelliSense, auto- completion, and improved
code navigation, making development faster and more efficient. Being a superset of JavaScript,
TypeScript is fully compatible with existing JavaScript code and can be gradually adopted in
projects. It is widely used in modern frontend frameworks like React, Angular, and Vue.js,
enabling developers to build robust applications with better type safety, improved developer
experience, and enhanced maintainability.

4.9.3 Node.js (Backend Language Used)

Node.js is an open-source, cross-platform JavaScript runtime environment built on Chrome’s V8
engine, allowing developers to execute JavaScript code outside the browser. Designed for
building fast and scalable network applications, Node.js operates on a non-blocking, event-
driven architecture, making it highly efficient for handling multiple concurrent requests. Unlike
traditional server-side technologies that rely on multi-threading, Node.js uses a single-threaded
event loop, enabling it to process large amounts of data asynchronously without slowing down.
event loop, enabling it to process large amounts of data asynchronously without slowing down.
This makes it an ideal choice for real-time applications like chat apps, streaming services, and
online gaming. Node.js has a vast ecosystem with npm (Node Package Manager), which provides

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thousands of libraries and modules to extend functionality. With built-in support for handling
HTTP requests, file system operations, and database interactions, Node.js is widelyused for
building RESTful APIs, microservices, and full-stack applications when combined with frontend
frameworks like React. Its ability to unify frontend and backend development using JavaScript
makes it a preferred choice for modern web applications.
4.9.4 Express.js (Backend Language Used)
Express.js is a minimalistic and flexible web framework for Node.js, designed to simplify
backend development by providing a set of powerful features for handling HTTP requests,
routing, and middleware integration. As a lightweight framework, Express.js allows developers
to build web applications and APIs with minimal effort while maintaining high performance and
scalability. It supports middleware functions that can process incoming requests before sending
a response, enabling functionalities like authentication, logging, and error handling. Express.js
follows a straightforward routing mechanism that allows developers to define API endpoints
efficiently. Its compatibility with template engines like EJS and Pug makes it suitable for server-
side rendering, while its support for RESTful API development enables seamless communication
between the frontend and backend. Due to its simplicity and flexibility, Express.js is widely used
in full-stack development, particularly in conjunction with Node.js, MongoDB, and React, to
create scalable and efficient web applications.

4.9.5 MongoDB with Mongoose (Database)

MongoDB is a NoSQL database that stores data in a flexible, document-oriented format using
JSON-like BSON documents instead of traditional relational tables. Unlike SQL databases,
MongoDB allows dynamic schema changes, making it highly adaptable to evolving application
requirements. This schema-less nature makes it ideal for handling large volumes of unstructured
or semi-structured data while ensuring high performance and horizontal scalability. MongoDB
is widely used in modern applications due to its ability to handle distributed data storage
efficiently. To simplify interactions with MongoDB, Mongoose, an Object Data Modeling
(ODM) library, provides a structured approach to defining data schemas, managing relationships,
and performing validations. Mongoose allows developers to define models with predefined
structures while still leveraging MongoDB’s flexibility. It includes built-in middleware, query
helpers, and lifecycle hooks, making database interactions easier and more secure. This schema-
less nature makes it ideal for handling large volumes of unstructured or semi-structured data
while ensuring high performance and horizontal scalability.

5. DETAILS OF DESIGNS, WORKING AND PROCESSES

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5.1 Development schedule and milestone

Following tasks are performed by us to complete this project:

5.1.1 Requirement Gathering

To create a robust platform, requirements must also include the integration of networking
features, allowing users to connect, communicate, and collaborate within professional
communities. This would involve designing intuitive messaging systems, personalized content
feeds, and recommendations for people to follow or connect with. Additionally, a search
functionality is crucial, with advanced filters to help users find jobs, courses, or connections
relevant to their goals. Security and privacy requirements must be prioritized to protect sensitive
user data and ensure a safe environment for interactions.Other technical requirements may
include scalability to handle a growing user base, responsive design for seamless access on all
devices, and the integration of third-party tools like APIs for authentication or content sharing.
Feedback from potential users and stakeholders plays a critical role in refining these
requirements, ensuring that LinkBridge not only mirrors LinkedIn’s core features but also
introduces unique elements to stand out. By focusing on user needs, technical capabilities, and
market trends, the requirements gathering process lays the foundation for a comprehensive, user-
friendly, and impactful platform.
5.1.2 Feasibility Study
The feasibility study for LinkBridge evaluates the practicality of creating a professional
networking platform with integrated job search, learning resources, and profile-building features.
This involves analyzing technical, financial, and operational aspects to determine if the project
is viable within the given constraints. Technically, the study assesses whether technologies such
as HTML, CSS, JavaScript, PHP, and MySQL can support a scalable and feature-rich platform.
Financially, it examines the budget required for development, maintenance, and marketing, along
with potential revenue sources like subscriptions or advertisements. Operational feasibility
considers user needs, including a user-friendly interface, secure data management, and
networking capabilities. By identifying potential challenges and solutions, the feasibility study
lays the groundwork for informed decision-making and ensures that the project aligns with
business goals. Technically, it examines whether the required technologies, such as HTML, CSS,
JavaScript, PHP, and MySQL, can be effectively used to build a scalable and user-friendly
system. Financial feasibility considers the costs associated with development, hosting, and
marketing while estimating potential revenue through premium subscriptions or advertisements.

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5.1.3 Planning
Planning for LinkBridge involves defining the project scope, setting objectives, and creating a
roadmap to guide the development process. This phase identifies the key features—such as job
listings, course catalogs, networking tools, and user profile customization—that will be included
in the platform. Tasks are prioritized, and timelines are established for each development phase,
from requirement analysis to deployment. The project team, including developers, designers, and
testers, is organized, with clear roles and responsibilities assigned. Risk management strategies
are also developed to address potential challenges, such as delays or budget constraints. Effective
planning ensures that the project remains on track, meets user expectations, and is completed
within the allocated time and resources.

5.1.4 Estimation
Estimation involves determining the time, cost, and resources required to develop LinkBridge.
This process evaluates the complexity of the platform’s features, such as dynamic job
recommendations, real-time messaging, and course enrollment systems. Factors like team size,
technology stack, and third-party tools are considered to estimate project expenses. Timeframes
for each phase—requirement analysis, design, coding, testing, and deployment—are also
calculated. Accurate estimation helps in budgeting effectively, allocating resources wisely, and
setting realistic deadlines. It ensures that the project proceeds smoothly without resource
shortages or cost overruns.
5.1.5 Scheduling
Scheduling organizes the tasks and milestones of LinkBridge’s development into a structured
timeline. Using tools like Gantt charts or project management software, the team assigns specific
timeframes to each phase, including requirement gathering, design, coding, testing, and
deployment. Dependencies between tasks are identified to ensure smooth transitions from one
phase to the next. For example, coding cannot begin until the design phase is complete, and
testing requires a fully functional platform. Scheduling ensures that the project adheres to
deadlines while allowing flexibility to accommodate unforeseen delays. It also helps in
monitoring progress and maintaining team coordination. Scheduling is the process of organizing
tasks and milestones in a structured timeline to ensure smooth progress. For LinkBridge, this
involves dividing the development process into phases such as requirement analysis, design,
coding, and testing.
5.1.6 Requirement Analysis
Requirement analysis for LinkBridge focuses on understanding the needs of users—job seekers,
professionals, employers, and students—and translating them into technical specifications. This
phase involves collecting inputs through surveys, interviews, and competitor analysis to identify
essential features such as personalized job recommendations, learning resources, and

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professional networking tools. Functional requirements, such as user authentication and profile
creation, are documented alongside non-functional requirements like performance, scalability,
and security. This comprehensive understanding ensures that the platform aligns with user
expectations and business goals, serving as a blueprint for subsequent development phases.
5.1.7 Design
The design phase creates the visual and functional framework for LinkBridge, focusing on both
user interface (UI) and user experience (UX). Wireframes and prototypes are developed to map
out the layout and navigation flow, ensuring simplicity and intuitiveness. The visual design
incorporates branding elements like the logo, color scheme, and typography to create a
professional and appealing aesthetic. On the technical side, the architecture is planned to ensure
scalability and security. Features such as responsive design are prioritized to provide a seamless
experience across devices. This phase bridges the gap between ideas and implementation, laying
the foundation for development.
5.1.8 Database Design
Database design for LinkBridge focuses on organizing and managing data efficiently. This
includes structuring tables for user profiles, job listings, course details, and network connections.
Relationships between data entities are defined to ensure smooth interactions, such as linking a
user’s profile to their applied jobs or enrolled courses. The database is optimized for fast retrieval
and secure storage of sensitive information, including passwords and personal details. MySQL
is typically used to handle the large-scale data requirements of the platform. A well-designed
database ensures that the platform operates seamlessly, even as the user base grows.
5.1.9 Coding
The coding phase translates the planned designs and requirements into a functional platform
using programming languages such as PHP, HTML, and JavaScript. Backend development
focuses on server-side functionalities like user authentication, job search algorithms, database
interactions. Frontend development ensures a responsive and visually appealing interface for
users interact with. Developers follow coding standards and use version control systems to
maintain consistency and track changes. This phase integrates all features, such as dynamic job
recommendations, messaging systems, and course enrollment, ensuring that the platform
functions as intended.
5.1.10 Testing
Testing ensures the quality and reliability of LinkBridge by identifying and fixing bugs or issues.
Various testing methods are employed, including unit testing for individual components,
integration testing to verify the interaction between modules, and user acceptance testing to
ensure the platform meets user expectations. Performance testing evaluates the platform’s

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scalability and speed under different loads, while security testing safeguards user data. This
phase ensures that the platform is stable, secure, and user-friendly before deployment.
5.1.11 Report Writing
The report writing phase documents every aspect of LinkBridge’s development, including the
methodologies, tools, challenges, and solutions. It provides a comprehensive overview of the
project’s objectives, scope, and outcomes, serving as a reference for stakeholders and a guide for
future improvements. This documentation ensures transparency and facilitates knowledge
sharing among team members and stakeholders. Report writing is a structured way of presenting
information, analysis, and recommendations on a specific topic. It includes an introduction, main
body, and conclusion.

5.1.12 Deployment and Submission

Deployment involves launching LinkBridge on a live server, making it accessible to users. This
phase includes setting up hosting, configuring the domain, and ensuring the platform operates
smoothly in a real-world environment. Submission includes delivering all documentation, source
code, and credentials to the client or stakeholders. Post-deployment support is planned to address
any issues and gather user feedback for future enhancements. This final step ensures that the
platform is fully functional and ready to achieve its intended purpose.

5.2 Development Tools:

Sr. No Development Tool Specification

1. Computer System HP victus

2. Operating System Windows11

3. Microsoft word Microsoft Office 2019

4. VS code Version 7.8.3

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6. RESULT AND APPLICATION

6.1 Result

Fig 6.1 Home Page (Interface1)

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 LinkBridge Website

Fig.6.2 Home Page (Interface2)

Fig.6.3 Home Page (Interface3)

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 LinkBridge Website

Fig. 6.4 Home Page (Interface4)

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Fig. 6.5 Company Registration

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Fig. 6.6 Company Dashboard

Fig. 6.7 User Registration

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Fig. 6.8 User Login

Fig. 6.9 Job and Internship Module

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Fig. 6.10 Job and Internship Application Form

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6.2 Coding
6.2.1 Database Connection(db.js) const mongoose =
require('mongoose'); const userSchema = new
mongoose.Schema({ username: String, name: String,
position: String, city: String, email: String, password:
String, profilePicture: { type: String, default: "" },
experience: [Object], education: [Object],
connections: { type: Array, default: [] },
connectionRequests: { type: Array, default: [] },
pendingRequests: { type: Array, default: [] },
});
const companySchema = new
mongoose.Schema({ name: String, email:
String, password: String, industry: String,
location: String, website: String,
description: String,
});
const postSchema = new mongoose.Schema({
description: { type: String, required: true
}, Image: { type: String, default: "" },
author: String, likes: { type: Array,
default: [] }, comments: [
{ user: String, text: { type:
String },
},
],
createdAt: { type: Date, default: Date.now },
}
);
const jobSchema = new mongoose.Schema({
title: String, company: String, location: String,
type: String, salary: String, description: String,
postedAt: { type: Date, default: Date.now },
applications: [{ username: String, email: String
}]
});

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module.exports = { company: mongoose.model("Company",
companySchema), user: mongoose.model("User",
userSchema), post: mongoose.model("Post",
postSchema), job: mongoose.model("Job", jobSchema),
};
6.2.2 Index.js const express =
require('express') const cors = require('cors')
const Auth = require('./routes/auth') const
mongoose = require('mongoose') const
Working = require('./routes/working'); const
Post = require('./routes/post') const Jobs =
require("./routes/jobs"); const Network =
require("./routes/network"); const app =
express(); app.use(express.json())
app.use(cors()) app.use('/auth', Auth.router)
app.use('/working', Working)
app.use('/post', Post)
app.use("/jobs", Jobs); app.use("/network", Network);
mongoose.connect('mongodb+srv://shrushtimahale775:[email protected]
81i.
mongodb.net/', { dbName: "course_selling_application" });
app.listen(3000, (req, res) => { console.log('Server started
on port 3000');
})
6.2.3 Authentication (auth.js) const express = require('express'); const router =
express.Router(); const jwt = require('jsonwebtoken'); const User =
require('../db/db').user; const Company = require('../db/db').company; // const
JWT_SECRET = 'Se3Cr3tK3y'; const USERTOKEN = async (req, res, next) => { try {
const token = req.headers.authorization?.split(' ')[1]; // Fix: Optional chaining to prevent
undefined error
if (!token) { return res.status(401).json({ message: 'No token
provided' });
}
const decoded = jwt.verify(token, JWT_SECRET); const
user = await User.findOne({ username: decoded.id }); if

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(!user) { return res.status(401).json({ message: 'Invalid
token' });
} req.headers["username"] =
user; req.headers["user"] =
decoded.id; next();
} catch (err) { console.error(err);
res.status(401).json({ message: 'Invalid token' }); }
};
const COMPANYTOKEN = async (req, res, next) => {
try {
console.log(req.headers.authorization); const token = req.headers.authorization?.split('
')[1]; // Fix: Optional chaining to prevent undefined if (!token) { return
res.status(401).json({ message: 'No token provided' });

} const decoded = jwt.verify(token,

JWT_SECRET); req.headers["user"] =
decoded.id; next(); } catch (err) {
console.error(err); res.status(401).json({
message: 'Invalid token' }); }
};
router.get('/me', USERTOKEN, async (req, res) => { const user =
await User.findOne({ username: req.headers["user"] });
if (!user) { return res.status(403).json({ msg: "User doesn't
exist" });
} res.json({ username: user.username
});
});
// Company profile route router.get('/companyprofile',
COMPANYTOKEN, async (req, res) => { try { const companyName =
req.headers["user"]; const company = await Company.findOne({ name:
companyName }); if (!company) {
return res.status(404).json({ message: "Company not found" });
}
res.status(200).json({
company: company.name,
email: company.email,
industry:
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 LinkBridge Website
company.industry,
location:
company.location, website:
company.website, } catch
(err) { console.error("Error
fetching company profile:",
err); res.status(500).json({
message: "Server error" });
}
});
// Fix: Make sure `identifier` is used for consistency
router.post('/login', async (req, res) => {
const { identifier, password } = req.body; // Fix: Change `username` to `identifier` if
(!identifier || !password) { return res.status(400).json({ message: 'Username and
password are required' });
} try { const user = await User.findOne({ username: identifier, password }); // Fix: Match field
to
`identifier` if (!user) { return res.status(401).json({ message: 'Invalid
username or password' });
} const token = jwt.sign({ id: user.username, type: "user" },
JWT_SECRET); res.status(200).json({ token });
} catch (err) { console.error(err); res.status(500).json({ message: 'Server error' }); } });
router.post('/register', async (req, res) => { const { username, password, email } = req.body
if (!username || !password || !email) { return res.status(400).json({ message: 'username,
password and email are required' })
} try { const user = await User.findOne({ username }) if (user) {
return res.status(400).json({ message: 'User already exists' })
} const newUser = new User({ username, password,
email }) const token = jwt.sign({ id: newUser.username
}, JWT_SECRET) res.status(200).json({ token })
} catch (err) { console.error(err)
res.status(500).json({ message: 'Server error' }) }
})
// Fix: Company Login (Use `identifier` instead of `name`) router.post('/company/login',
async (req, res) => { const { identifier, password } = req.body; // Fix: Use `identifier` if

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(!identifier || !password) { return res.status(400).json({ message: 'Company name and
password are required' });
} try { const company = await Company.findOne({ name: identifier, password }); // Fix: Match
field if (!company) { return res.status(401).json({ message: 'Invalid company name or
password' });
} const token = jwt.sign({ id: company.name, type: "company" },
JWT_SECRET); res.status(200).json({ token });
} catch (err) { console.error(err);
res.status(500).json({ message: 'Server error' }); }
});
// Fix: Company Registration router.post('/company/register', async (req, res) => {
const { name, password, email, industry, location, website, description } = req.body;

if (!name || !password || !email) { return res.status(400).json({ message: 'Company name,

password, and email are required' });
} try
{
const existingCompany = await Company.findOne({ name }); if
(existingCompany) { return res.status(400).json({ message:
'Company already exists' });
}
const newCompany = new
Company({ name, password,
email, industry, location, website,
description
});
await newCompany.save(); const token = jwt.sign({ id: newCompany.name, type:
"company" }, JWT_SECRET); res.status(200).json({ token });
} catch (err) { console.error(err);
res.status(500).json({ message: 'Server error' }); }
});
module.exports = { router,
USERTOKEN,
COMPANYTOKEN
};

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6.2.4 Frontend - Job and Internship Module (Jobs.tsx)

import axios from "axios"; import { useState, useEffect

} from "react"; import { FaBookmark, FaSearch} from
"react-icons/fa"; import { BaseUrl } from "../App";
interface Job { _id: string; title: string;
company:
string; location:
string; type:
string;
description:
string;
postedAt:
string;

} const Jobs = () =>

{
const [jobs, setJobs] = useState<Job[]>([]); const
[loading, setLoading] = useState(true);
// Fetch jobs from backend useEffect(()
=> {
const fetchJobs = async () => {
try {
const response = await
axios(`${BaseUrl}/jobs/getJobs`); const data = await
response.data; setJobs(data);
} catch (error) { console.error("Error
fetching jobs:", error);
} finally {
setLoading(false);
} };
fetchJobs()
;
}, []); const [filterType, setFilterType] = useState<string>("all"); // "all", "job",
"internship" useEffect(() => { const fetchJobs = async () => {

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 LinkBridge Website
setLoading(true);
try {
const response = await axios.get(`${BaseUrl}/jobs/getJobs`, {
headers: { Authorization: localStorage.getItem("token") },
}); let data = response.data; //
Apply filtering only if needed
if (filterType !== "all") {
data = data.filter((job: Job) => job.type.toLowerCase() === filterType); }setJobs(data);
} catch (error) { console.error("Error
fetching jobs:", error);
} finally {
setLoading(false);
} }; fetchJobs(); }, [filterType]); const [appliedJobs,
setAppliedJobs] = useState<string[]>(() => {
const savedJobs = localStorage.getItem("appliedJobs"); return
savedJobs ? JSON.parse(savedJobs) : [];
}); const handleApply = async (jobId: string)
=> {
try {
const response = await axios.post(`${BaseUrl}/jobs/apply`, {
jobId,
}, { headers:
{
Authorization: localStorage.getItem("token"),
}, }); const data = await response.data; if
(!response) throw new Error(data.message); const
updatedAppliedJobs = [...appliedJobs, jobId];
setAppliedJobs(updatedAppliedJobs);
localStorage.setItem("appliedJobs", JSON.stringify(updatedAppliedJobs));
alert("Successfully applied for the job!");
} catch (error) { alert("Failed to
apply for job");
} };
return
(
<div className="max-w-4xl mx-auto">

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 LinkBridge Website
{/* Q˙• S ea r c h & Filters */}
<div className="bg-white rounded-lg shadow-md p-4 mb-6 flex items-center space-x-4">
<div className="flex-1 relative">
<FaSearch className="absolute left-3 top-3 text-gray-400" />
<input type="text" placeholder="Search jobs..."
className="w-full pl-10 pr-4 py-2 border rounded-lg focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-
accent"
/>
</div>
{/* Filter Buttons */}
<button onClick={() => setFilterType("all")} className={`px-4 py-2 border rounded-lg
${filterType === "all" ? "bg-accent text-white" : "hover:bg-gray-50"}`}> All
</button>
<button onClick={() => setFilterType("job")} className={`px-4 py-2 border rounded-lg
${filterType === "job" ? "bg-accent text-white" : "hover:bg-gray-50"}`}> Jobs
</button>
<button onClick={() => setFilterType("internship")} className={`px-4 py-2 border
rounded-lg ${filterType === "internship" ? "bg-accent text-
white" : "hover:bg-gray-50"}`}> Internships
</button>
</div>
{/* Job Listings */}
{loading ? (
<p>Loading jobs...</p>
):(
<div className="space-y-4">
{jobs.map((job) => (
<div key={job._id} className="bg-white rounded-lg shadow-md p-6 hover:shadow-lg
transition-shadow">
<div className="flex justify-between items-start">
<div>
<h2 className="text-xl font-semibold text-dark">{job.title}</h2>
<p className="text-gray-600">{job.company}</p>
<p className="text-gray-500">{job.location} • {job.type}</p>
<p className="text-accent font-semibold mt-2">{job.salary}</p>
</div>

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 LinkBridge Website
<button className="text-gray-400 hover:text-accent">
<FaBookmark className="text-xl" />
</button>
</div>
<p className="text-gray-600 mt-4">{job.description}</p>
<div className="flex justify-between items-center mt-4 pt-4 border-t">
<span className="text-sm text-gray-500">Posted {new
Date(job.postedAt).toLocaleDateString()}</span>
{appliedJobs.includes(job._id) ? (
<button className="bg-gray-400 text-white px-6 py-2 rounded-lg cursor ">

Applied
</button>
):(
<button onClick={() => handleApply(job._id)} className="bg-accent hover:bg-
dark text-white px-6 py-2 rounded-lg transition- colors"
>
Apply Now
</button>
)}
</div>
</div>
))}
</div>
)}
</div>
); }; export
default Jobs;

7. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE

7.1 Conclusion
LinkBridge connects job seekers with career opportunities by aggregating listings across
industries. The platform offers full-time, part-time, and internship positions with search filters,
job alerts, and personalized recommendations. It helps users find roles that match their skills
while uncovering new opportunities. Internships play a key role, providing real-world
experience and networking chances for students, graduates, and career changers. With tailored

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 LinkBridge Website
listings for different skill levels, LinkBridge ensures accessibility to valuable career growth
opportunities.

7.2 Future scope

Advanced AI and machine learning have become pivotal in shaping the future of technology,
particularly in areas like automation, data analysis, and personalized services. These
technologies enable systems to learn from data, make predictions, and improve over time
without being explicitly programmed. In the context of platforms like LinkBridge, AI can help
optimize job recommendations, personalize user experiences, and automate routine tasks.
Machine learning models analyze vast amounts of data to identify patterns, which can be used
to match candidates with job opportunities more effectively, improve course recommendations,
and predict future career trends. AI-driven tools also provide valuable insights into market
trends, helping users stay ahead in an ever-changing landscape. The continuous advancements
in AI make it an essential part of driving efficiency, innovation, and personalized experiences.
Advanced AI and machine learning are transformative technologies that are reshaping industries
by enabling systems to analyze vast amounts of data, identify patterns, and make decisions with
minimal human intervention.

8. REFERENCES
• Books
1. “The Lean Startup” by Eric Ries
2. “Work Rules” by Laszlo Bock
3. "Platform Revolution" by Geoffrey Parker, Marshall Van Alstyne, and Sangeet Choudari.

• Resources Available on Browser

1. www.linkedin.com
2. www.glassdoor.com
3. www.upwork.com
4. www.naukari.com

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