Today’s lecture - Week 3

“Balancing”

© J. Prince 2019 MECHANICS DYNAMICS II ENME611 - Balancing 04 1

 Today’s entertainment

“Balancing submarine pump impellor”

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VKr5RZt6MQo

© J. Prince 2019 MECHANICS DYNAMICS II ENME611 - Balancing 04 2

 Today’s entertainment

“Onsite Balancing instruction”

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cnULmxFlP-8

© J. Prince 2019 MECHANICS DYNAMICS II ENME611 - Balancing 04 3

 Notice one – Week 3 - 2019

ITEM Due time and date where

Homeworks 1 -5 Available on AUT Blackboard Online at AUT Blackboard
Weeks 2, 4, 6, 8 & 10
Test No 1 Wed of Week 5 Online at AUT Blackboard

Test No 2 Week 9 Online at AUT Blackboard

Lab Report A Week 7 Online at AUT Blackboard

Held in Week 5
Lab Report B Week 10 Hand in to the marked assignment box
Held in Week 8 on level 3 of WS Block

© J. Prince 2019 MECHANICS DYNAMICS II ENME611 - Balancing 04 4

 Notice two – Week 3 - 2019

Homework Due time and date where

1. Acoustics & Clutches Week 2 Online at AUT Blackboard
Mon 9am to Sun 9pm
2. Epicyclic Gearboxes Week 4 Online at AUT Blackboard
Mon 9am to Sun 9pm
3. Mechanisms Week 6 Online at AUT Blackboard
Mon 9am to Sun 9pm
4. Vibrations Week 8 Online at AUT Blackboard
Mon 9am to Sun 9pm
5. Transmission Elements Week 10 Online at AUT Blackboard
Mon 9am to Sun 9pm

© J. Prince 2019 MECHANICS DYNAMICS II ENME611 - Balancing 04 5

 Notice - Clutch Lab A held in Week 5 - 2019

ITEM Due time and date Where

held in class Friday of

Clutch Lab A Week 5 In class
as a demonstration

Clutch Lab A due 9pm Sun 01 Sept

online lab report
Online Report Week 7

© J. Prince 2019 MECHANICS DYNAMICS II ENME611 - Balancing 04 6

 Lecture objectives

This fourth lecture on balancing is to:

• Continue solving problems of balancing in multiple

planes

© J. Prince 2019 MECHANICS DYNAMICS II ENME611 - Balancing 04 7

 Balancing Problem 10 Ref plane X
A shaft has masses in planes A, B, C and D
As shown in these 2 drawings All in m
Find the masses and angular positions of the 2.1
balancing masses X & Y if radii for X & Y = 0.6 m
0.3
A X B C Y D
350 kg – 0.2 m
B 400 kg – 0.2 m
C
0.6 1.2
750
100 kg – 0.2 m 450 2.4
A
600
View
direction
Scale 1 cm = 50 mm D
3 cm 250 kg – 0.2 m
© J. Prince 2019 MECHANICS DYNAMICS II ENME611 - Balancing 04 8
 Complete table
Plane Mass Radius Distance “force” “couple”
m r L mr mrL
Symbol

Units kg m m kgm kgm2

© J. Prince 2019 MECHANICS DYNAMICS II ENME611 - Balancing 04 9

 Complete table
Plane Mass Radius Distance “force” “couple”
m r L mr mrL
Symbol

Units kg m m kgm kgm2

A 100 0.2

B 350 0.2

C 400 0.2

D 250 0.2

X 0.6

Y 0.6

© J. Prince 2019 MECHANICS DYNAMICS II ENME611 - Balancing 04 10

 Complete table
Plane Mass Radius Distance “force” “couple”
m r L mr mrL
Symbol

Units kg m m kgm kgm2

A 100 0.2 - 0.3

B 350 0.2 0.3

C 400 0.2 1.5

D 250 0.2 2.1

X mX 0.6 0

Y mY 0.6 1.8

© J. Prince 2019 MECHANICS DYNAMICS II ENME611 - Balancing 04 11

 Complete table
Plane Mass Radius Distance “force” “couple”
m r L mr mrL
Symbol

Units kg m m kgm kgm2

A 100 0.2 - 0.3 20 -6

B 350 0.2 0.3 70 21

C 400 0.2 1.5 80 120

D 250 0.2 2.1 50 105

X mX 0.6 0 0.6mX 0

Y mY 0.6 1.8 0.6mY 1.08mY

© J. Prince 2019 MECHANICS DYNAMICS II ENME611 - Balancing 04 12

 Balancing Problem 10 mrL polygon
“couples” polygon
Find the masses and angular positions of
the balancing masses X & Y units kgm^2
Scale 1cm = 15 kgm^2
mrLY = 138.9 = 1.08 mY
3 cm
mY = 138.9/1.08 = 128.6 kg 60
mrLA = - 6
Answer NB direction
350 kg – 0.2 m
mrLD = 105
B 400 kg – 0.2 m
C mrLC = 120
750
100 kg – 0.2 m 450
A mrLB = 21
60 60
Y
600
128.6 kg – 0.6 m Answer mrLY = 138.9
Answer
D
Scale 1 cm = 50 mm 250 kg – 0.2 m © J. Prince 2019 MECHANICS DYNAMICS II ENME611 - Balancing 04 13
 Balancing Problem 10 mrL polygon
“couples” polygon
Find the masses and angular positions of
the balancing masses X & Y units kgm^2
Scale 1cm = 15 kgm^2
mrLY = 138.9 = 1.08 mY
3 cm
mY = 138.9/1.08 = 128.6 kg 60
mrLA = - 6
Answer NB direction
350 kg – 0.2 m
mrLD = 105
B 400 kg – 0.2 m
C mrLC = 120
750
100 kg – 0.2 m 450 Y
A 60 mrLB = 21
128.6 kg – 0.6 m 60
600
Answer Say it is negative! mrLY = -138.9

D
Scale 1 cm = 50 mm 250 kg – 0.2 m © J. Prince 2019 MECHANICS DYNAMICS II ENME611 - Balancing 04 14
 mr polygon
Balancing Problem 10
“forces” polygon
Find the masses and angular positions of mrY = 0.6 x 128.6 = 77.16 kgm units kgm
the balancing masses X & Y
mrX = 80.4 = 0.6 mX
660 mrD = 50
mx = 80.4/0.6 = 134 kg mrC = 80

Answer
350 kg – 0.2 m mrY = 77.16
B 400 kg – 0.2 m
Scale 1 cm = 10 kgm
C
3 cm
750
450 mrX = 80.4 Answer
100 kg – 0.2 m
A mrB = 70
60
Y 600
660
128.6 kg – 0.6 m
1080 250 kg – 0.2 m
D
Answer mrA = 20
134 kg – 0.6 m © J. Prince 2019 MECHANICS DYNAMICS II ENME611 - Balancing 04 NB direction 15
X
 mr polygon
Balancing Problem 10 Scale 1 cm = 10 kgm
“forces” polygon
Alternative mr poly units kgm
(with better angles)

mrD = 50
mrC = 80

350 kg – 0.2 m
Answer
B 400 kg – 0.2 m mrX = 80.4
C same answer
as before
750
100 kg – 0.2 m 450
A mrB = 70
60
Y 600
128.6 kg – 0.6 m mrY = 77.16
1080 250 kg – 0.2 m
D

134 kg – 0.6 m © J. Prince 2019 MECHANICS DYNAMICS II ENME611 - Balancing 04 16

X
 Balancing Problem 11
A shaft has masses in planes A, B, C, and D
Ref plane B
As shown in these 2 drawings
Find the masses and angular positions of the
balancing masses B & C All in m

The radii of B & C are both 100 mm A B C D

2.1 g – 150 mm 0.225 0.250 0.125

D

View
direction
650 3.7 g – 150 mm
A

Scale 1 cm = 30 mm
3 cm
© J. Prince 2019 MECHANICS DYNAMICS II ENME611 - Balancing 04 17
 Complete table

Plane Mass Radius Distance “force” “couple”

m r L mr mrL
Symbol

Units g mm m gmm gmm.m

© J. Prince 2019 MECHANICS DYNAMICS II ENME611 - Balancing 04 18

 Complete table

Plane Mass Radius Distance “force” “couple”

m r L mr mrL
Symbol

Units g mm m gmm gmm.m

A 3.7 150

B 100

C 100

D 2.1 150

© J. Prince 2019 MECHANICS DYNAMICS II ENME611 - Balancing 04 19

 Complete table

Plane Mass Radius Distance “force” “couple”

m r L mr mrL
Symbol

Units g mm m gmm gmm.m

A 3.7 150

B mB 100

C mC 100

D 2.1 150

© J. Prince 2019 MECHANICS DYNAMICS II ENME611 - Balancing 04 20

 Complete table

Plane Mass Radius Distance “force” “couple”

m r L mr mrL
Symbol

Units g mm m gmm gmm.m

A 3.7 150 - 0.225

B mB 100 0

C mC 100 0.25

D 2.1 150 0.375

© J. Prince 2019 MECHANICS DYNAMICS II ENME611 - Balancing 04 21

 Complete table

Plane Mass Radius Distance “force” “couple”

m r L mr mrL
Symbol

Units g mm m gmm gmm.m

A 3.7 150 - 0.225 555 - 124.9

B mB 100 0 100mB 0

C mC 100 0.25 100mC 25mC

D 2.1 150 0.375 315 118.1

© J. Prince 2019 MECHANICS DYNAMICS II ENME611 - Balancing 04 22

 Balancing Problem 11 mrL polygon
“couples” polygon
Find the masses and angular positions of the
balancing masses B & C units gmm.m
Scale 1cm = 20 gmm.m
mrLc = 205.2 = 25 mY
310 3 cm
mC = 205.2/25 = 8.21 g

Answer
mrLC = 205.2
D 2.1 g – 150 mm
Answer
mrLD = 118.1
310
3.7 g – 150 mm
650 mrLA = -124.9
A
310
Answer C NB direction
8.21 g – 100 mm

Scale 1 cm = 30 mm © J. Prince 2019 MECHANICS DYNAMICS II ENME611 - Balancing 04 23

 mr polygon
Balancing Problem 11
“forces” polygon
Find the masses and angular positions of the units gmm
balancing masses B & C mC = 8.21 g
mrC = 8.21 x 100 = 821 gmm
mrB = 1133.1 = 100 mB
mB = 1133.1/100 = 11.33 g 80
Answer mrB = 1133.3 Answer
D 2.1 g – 150 mm 80

mrC = 821
310 mrD = 315

570 3.7 g – 150 mm

B mrA = 555
A
11.33 g – 100 mm 310
C
Answer Scale 1 cm = 100 gmm
8.21 g – 100 mm
3 cm

Scale 1 cm = 30 mm © J. Prince 2019 MECHANICS DYNAMICS II ENME611 - Balancing 04 24

 Alternative Soln – this time the reference plane is B

Plane Mass Radius Distance “force” “couple”

m r L mr mrL
Symbol

Units g mm m gmm gmm.m

A 3.7 150 0.225 555 124.9

B mB 100 0 100mB 0 ref plane

C mC 100 -0.25 100mC -25mC

NB signs
D 2.1 150 -0.375 315 -118.1

© J. Prince 2019 MECHANICS DYNAMICS II ENME611 - Balancing 04 25

 Balancing Problem 11 alt soln mrL polygon
“couples” polygon
Find the masses and angular positions of the
balancing masses B & C units gmm.m
Scale 1cm = 20 gmm.m
mrLc = -205.2 = -25 mY
310 3 cm
mC = 205.2/25 = 8.21 g

Answer
D 2.1 g – 150 mm
mrLA = 124.9 Answer

3.7 g – 150 mm
650 mrLD = -11
A
310 as mrlC was
negative the
Same Answer C mrLC = -205.2
mass c must be
8.21 g – 100 mm located as
shown 310
NB directions
Scale 1 cm = 30 mm © J. Prince 2019 MECHANICS DYNAMICS II ENME611 - Balancing 04 26
 mr polygon
Balancing Problem 11 alt soln Scale 1 cm = 100 gmm
“forces” polygon
Find the masses and angular positions of the units gmm
balancing masses B & C mC = 8.21 g
mrC = 8.21 x 100 = 821 gmm
mrB = 1133.1 = 100 mB
mB = 1133.1/100 = 11.33 g 80
Answer mrB = 1133.3 Answer
D 2.1 g – 150 mm 80

mrC = 821
310 mrD = 315

570 3.7 g – 150 mm

B NB directions mrA = 555
A
11.33 g – 100 mm 310
as the mr vectors are still
C all positive this mr
same Answer
8.21 g – 100 mm polygon is the same as
the first solution
Scale 1 cm = 30 mm © J. Prince 2019 MECHANICS DYNAMICS II ENME611 - Balancing 04 27
 Balancing Problem 12
A shaft has masses in planes A, B, C, and D
As shown in these 2 drawings Ref plane C
Find the masses and angular positions of the
balancing masses B & C All in mm
The radii of B & C are both 225 mm A B C D

350 400 200

D 1 kg – 250 mm

View
direction
450 2 kg – 200 mm
A

Scale 1 cm = 50 mm
3 cm
© J. Prince 2019 MECHANICS DYNAMICS II ENME611 - Balancing 04 28
 Complete table

Plane Mass Radius Distance “force” “couple”

m r L mr mrL
Symbol

Units kg mm m kgmm kgmm.m

© J. Prince 2019 MECHANICS DYNAMICS II ENME611 - Balancing 04 29

 Complete table

Plane Mass Radius Distance “force” “couple”

m r L mr mrL
Symbol

Units kg mm m kgmm kgmm.m

A 2 200

B 225

C 225

D 4 250

© J. Prince 2019 MECHANICS DYNAMICS II ENME611 - Balancing 04 30

 Complete table

Plane Mass Radius Distance “force” “couple”

m r L mr mrL
Symbol

Units kg mm m kgmm kgmm.m

A 2 200 0.750

B mB 225 0.400

C mC 225 0

D 1 250 - 0.200

© J. Prince 2019 MECHANICS DYNAMICS II ENME611 - Balancing 04 31

 Complete table

Plane Mass Radius Distance “force” “couple”

m r L mr mrL
Symbol

Units kg mm m kgmm kgmm.m

A 2 200 0.750 400 300

B mB 225 0.400 225mB 90mB

C mC 225 0 225mC 0

D 1 250 - 0.200 250 - 50

© J. Prince 2019 MECHANICS DYNAMICS II ENME611 - Balancing 04 32

 Balancing Problem 12 mrL polygon
“couples” polygon
Find the masses and angular positions of the units kgmm.m
balancing masses B & C Scale 1cm = 20 kgmm.m

mrLB = 337.5 = 90 mB
3 cm
mB = 337.5/90 = 3.75 kg 60
mrLA = 300
Answer
1350
mrLB = 337.5 60
4 kg – 250 mm Answer
D

3.75 kg – 225 mm
2 kg – 200 mm
B
60 A
Answer
Scale 1 cm = 50 mm

© J. Prince 2019 MECHANICS DYNAMICS II ENME611 - Balancing 04 33

 mr polygon
Balancing Problem 12 Scale 1 cm = 50 kgmm
“forces” polygon
3 cm
Find the masses and angular positions of the units kgmm
balancing masses B & C
mrC = 670 kgmm mrB = 3.75 x 225 = 843.8 kgmm
670 = 225 mC
mrB = 843.8
mC = 670/225 = 2.98 kg
23.30
Answer mrC = 670
4 kg – 250 mm Answer
mrD = 250
D
23.30 450

2 kg – 200 mm mrA = 400

B 390
A
3.75 kg – 225 mm 23.30
Answer
C
2.98 kg – 225 mm
Scale 1 cm = 50 mm
© J. Prince 2019 MECHANICS DYNAMICS II ENME611 - Balancing 04 34
 Balancing Problem 13

A shaft has masses in planes A, B, C, D and E

As shown in these 2 drawings Ref plane E
Find the angular positions of the balancing masses All in mm
D&E
The radii of D & E are 50 mm A B C D E
40 100 50 50

175 g – 50 mm
200 g – 50 mm
A
B
200 250
View
direction

Scale 1 cm = 10 mm
3 cm
250 g – 50 mm
C
© J. Prince 2019 MECHANICS DYNAMICS II ENME611 - Balancing 04 35
 Complete table

Plane Mass Radius Distance “force” “couple”

m r L mr mrL
Symbol

Units g mm m gmm gmm.m

© J. Prince 2019 MECHANICS DYNAMICS II ENME611 - Balancing 04 36

 Complete table

Plane Mass Radius Distance “force” “couple”

m r L mr mrL
Symbol

Units g mm m gmm gmm.m

A 175 50

B 200 50

C 250 50

D 50

E 50

© J. Prince 2019 MECHANICS DYNAMICS II ENME611 - Balancing 04 37

 Complete table

Plane Mass Radius Distance “force” “couple”

m r L mr mrL
Symbol

Units g mm m gmm gmm.m

A 175 50 0.24

B 200 50 0.2

C 250 50 0.1

D mD 50 0.05

E mE 50 0

© J. Prince 2019 MECHANICS DYNAMICS II ENME611 - Balancing 04 38

 Complete table

Plane Mass Radius Distance “force” “couple”

m r L mr mrL
Symbol

Units g mm m gmm gmm.m

A 175 50 0.24 8750 2100

B 200 50 0.2 10000 2000

C 250 50 0.1 12500 1250

D mD 50 0.05 50mD 2.5mD

E mE 50 0 50mE 0

© J. Prince 2019 MECHANICS DYNAMICS II ENME611 - Balancing 04 39

 50
Balancing Problem 13 mrL polygon
“couples” polygon
Find the masses and angular positions of the
balancing masses D & E units gmm.m
Scale 1cm = 200 gmm.m
mrLD = 329.4 = 2.5 mD
3 cm
mD = 329.4/2.5 = 131.8 g
50 Answer
mrLB = 2000
mrLD = 329.4

175 g – 50 mm
200 g – 50 mm
A mrLC = 1250
B
200 250 mrLA = 2100
850
Scale 1 cm = 10 mm

250 g – 50 mm
131.8 g – 50 mm D C
© J. Prince 2019 MECHANICS DYNAMICS II ENME611 - Balancing 04 40
 Balancing Problem 13 Scale 1 cm = 1000 gmm
Find the masses and angular positions of the 3 cm
balancing masses D & E
mrB = 10,000
mrE = 12,000= 50 mC
Answer
mE = 12,000/50 = 240 g 820
E mr polygon
240 g – 50 mm “forces” polygon
mrC = 12,500
units gmm
200 g – 50 mm
820 A
B
175 g – 50 mm
200 mrE = 12,000
850 Scale 1 cm = 10 mm
820
mrD = 131.8 X 50
= 6588 gmm

mrD = 6,588
131.8 g – 50 mm D C 250 g – 50 mm
mrA = 8,750
© J. Prince 2019 MECHANICS DYNAMICS II ENME611 - Balancing 04 41
 Balancing Cheat Sheet

ISO 1940-1 sets different acceptable Single plane balance

unbalance levels for different classes of
machines For dynamic balance the inertia forces must
be balanced

Specific unbalance e = U/m (CF = mω2r) for dynamic balance the forces
polygon must close
U is mass x distance U = md
As ω2 is common to all vectors it can be
cancelled and the forces polygon simplifies
For a single plane balance problem to the mr polygon the same as in the static
case
To be statically balanced Σ𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 = 0

ΣM=0 𝑚𝑚1 𝑔𝑔𝑟𝑟1 = 𝑚𝑚2 𝑔𝑔𝑟𝑟2 Σ𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 = 0

© J. Prince 2019 MECHANICS DYNAMICS II ENME611 - Balancing 04 42

 Balancing Cheat Sheet
For a multiple plane balance problem Choose a convenient reference plane

For dynamic balance of masses in multiple o Often at a bearing or at a mass

planes there must be: position

Statically balanced Σ mr = 0 o Tabulate all the info

The inertia forces must be balanced Plane Mass Radius Distance “force” “couple”

Symbol m r L mr mrL
Σ mω2r =0 (units) (kg) (m) (m) (kgm) (kgm2)
A
PLUS the resulting couple along the shaft and so on

must = 0
Solve the vector (mrL & mr) polygons
Σ mr l = 0
o Normally the mrL poly is solved first

© J. Prince 2019 MECHANICS DYNAMICS II ENME611 - Balancing 04 43

 Recapping this lecture

In this lecture we have:

• Solved more multiple plane balancing problems

© J. Prince 2019 MECHANICS DYNAMICS II ENME611 - Balancing 04 44

 MD II Information

Coursework marks Coursework total mark 50

assessment tasks
Exam mark 50

Homework 10 Total mark 100

assignments

Laboratory reports 20

Tests 20

Coursework total mark 50

© J. Prince 2019 MECHANICS DYNAMICS II ENME611 - Balancing 04 45