Spring MVC & Spring Boot & Spring Rest (Annotations)

-----------------------------------------------------
Pre-Requiesites
-------------------
Spring Core is mandatory

Servlets

Jsp

JSTL (core tag library)

Deployment Process (Deployment, Re-deployment & hot deployment)

WebServer & Application Server

1.x ---- 7 modules

--------------------
core
context
aop
jdbc/dao
orm
web and
mvc

2.x ---- 6 modules

------------------
core
context
aop
jdbc/dao
orm
web-mvc

3.x ------- 20+ modules

4.x------- Messaging module is newly added

5.x -------- web-flux (Reactive Programming)--- >min jdk 1.8

Spring Web MVC

--------------
Using Spring Web MVC module we can develop below 2 types of applications

1) Web applications (Customer to Business)

Ex: IRCTC, Flipkart, Amazon, Zomoto, Swiggy, BookMyShow etc..

2) Distrubuted Applications (Business to Business)

 Ex: MakeMyTrip--IRCTC, Flipkart---PaymentGateways, etcc.

Spring MVC is Mainly working Based on 2 design patterns

--------------------------------------------------------
1) MVC Design Pattern

2) Front Controller Design Pattern

Model-1 & Model-2 Architecture

Model-2 is called as MVC Architecture.

Why MVC ?
----------
To make our application classes loosely coupled.

1) Presentation tier (html,jsp,css,js, images etc...)

2) Web Tier (controllers) - req & res handling

3) Business Tier (service or helper classes)

4) Persistence Tier - database logic

5) DTO VO BO Domain POJO

6) entity (class mapped with db table)

@WebServlet("/userServlet")
public class UserFormServlet extends HttpServlet{

public void doPost(HttpServletReq req, HttpServletRes res){

//capture form data

String uname = req.getParameter("uname");

String email = req.getParameter("email");
String phno = req.getParameter("phno");
....

User u = new User( );

u.setUname(uname);
u.setEmail(email);
u.setPhno(Long.parseLong(phno));

RequestDispatcher rd = req.getRequestDisp("succ");
rd.include(req,res);

}
Spring MVC Advantages
----------------------
1) Spring supports form binding objects
(form data will be stored into model objects)

2) Spring supporting flexibility in form binding

(converts form data to corresponding data type)

3) Spring supports multiple view technologies

(jsp, theamleaf, velocity, freemarker etc...)

4) Spring provided form tag library to simplify forms development.

5) Spring MVC supports I 18 N.

6) Spring MVC components are clearly seperated with loosely coupling.

7) Spring MVC supports Restful Services Development

8) java to json and json to java will be converted by spring mvc using jackson api.

9) java to xml and xml to java will done by spring mvc using jax-b.

Spring MVC Components

----------------------
1) DispatcherServlet

2) HandlerMapper

3) Controller

4) ModelAndView

5) ViewResolver

6) View

Note : All above components are called as Web Components in Spring MVC.

DispatcherServlet
-----------------
-> It is a predefined servlet class in Spring MVC module.

-> It acts as FrontController in Spring MVC projects.

-> It performs pre-process & post-process for every request.

-> It creates WebApplicationContext to instantiate web components in the spring mvc

application.

HandlerMapper
-------------
HandlerMapper is used to identify Request Handler in web layer.

HanlderMapper will identify which controller class method should execute for this
user request.

Controller
----------
Controllers are called as RequestHandlers.

Controllers are mediators between model and view.

Controllers will recieve request data from UI

Controller will send response data to UI.

Spring Controllers will returns response in below formats

- ModelAndView (view pages)
- Response Body

Spring Controllers don't know about view technology in project.

ModelAndView
-------------

It is a predefined class in Spring MVC.

We can use ModelView as return type of controller methods.

Model is used to store data which needs to send from controller to UI.

In model, data will be stored in the form of Key and Value pair (Entry).

Model can contain several Entries.

View represents logical view name (only name of the file without file extension).

ViewResolver
-------------
-> ViewResolver is a predefined Interface in Spring MVC module.

-> It is having multiple implementation classes like

InternalResourveViewResolver
 UrlBasedViewResolver
XmlViewResolver etc....

-> This is used to identify physical location of views.

logical view name : index

prefix : /WEB-INF/views/
suffix : .jsp

prefix + logical view name + suffix

/WEB-INF/views/index.jsp

View
----
It is used to render model data on view page.

In view files we will use model object keys to print corresponding value.

First Spring MVC Project Steps

-------------------------------
1) Create Maven Web Project in IDE

2) Add below dependencies in pom.xml

a) servlet-api
b) spring web mvc

3) Configure DispatcherServlet as frontController in project web.xml

Note-1: By default web components configuration file name will be considered as

below

Syntax: DispatcherServletName-servlet.xml

DispatcherServletName=mvc
FileName should be : mvc-servlet.xml

DispatcherServletName=dispatcher
FileName should be :dispatcher-servlet.xml

Note-2: We can configure user-defined filename using ServletConfig object.

<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/web-beans.xml</param-value>
</init-param>

ServletConfig obj ----- specific to one servlet.

4) Create Controller class by extending from AbstractController
and override hanleRequestInternal() and return ModelAndView object.

mode ---> data in key & value format

view ---> logical file name

5) Configuring handler mapper to map request with controller

using pkg.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping.

6) Configure ViewResolver as a Spring Bean in web-beans.xml with prefix and suffix

prefix ---> location of views

suffix ---> extension of views

7) Deploy project and send request with URL in browser

http://localhost:4040/MVCApp-1/welcome.htm

http://localhost:4040/MVCApp-1/date.htm

http://localhost:4040/MVCApp-1/greet.htm

1) DispatcherServlet as front controller in web.xml file

<init-param> --> contextConfigLocation

2) Created Spring Controller class using AbstractController

public ModelAndView handleRequestInternal(req,res);

Model - data in key & value format

View -- logical file name (without preffix and suffix)

3) Configured HandlerMapper to map request with Controller class

(SimpleUrlHandlerMapping)

4) Configured ViewResolver with prefix and suffix to identify physical view files
(InternalResourceViewResolver)

5) Deploy application and send request using url pattern.

DispatcherServlet
HandlerMapper
Controller
ModelAndView
ViewResolver
View

@Controller
public class WelcomeController{

@RequestMapping("/wish.htm")
public String wish(Model model){
model.addAttribute(key,value);
return "index" ; //logical view name
}

@RequestMapping("/greet.htm")
public String greet(Model model){
model.addAttribute(key,value);
return "index";
}
}

http://localhost:9092/GreetApp/greet.htm

http://localhost:9092/GreetApp/wish.htm

In MVC application we should maintain 2 ioc containers.

One IOC is responsible for managing web components

in project.

Ex: Controller, HandlerMapper,ViewResolver,View etc..

Note:DispatcherServlet will start WebAppCtxt to manage

WebComponents in spring mvc project.

-> To manage business components in project we need

seperate IOC container.

-> Business components means service,dao,aop,tx etc....

-> Container which manages business components is called

as Root Application Context.

Note: WebComponents are dependent on business components.

-> As web components are dependent on business components,

business components should be created first.

-> To create business components, root app ctxt should

start first.
XmlWebApplicationContext --- WebApplicationContext (IOC-1)

Business Components
--------------------
Root Application Context --- ContextLoaderListener (IOC-2)

Form Based applications using Spring MVC

-----------------------------------------
What is the purpose of form ?
----------------------------

In Web application, forms are used to capture data from end user.

Ex : Login Form, Registration Form, Search Form etc.....

Spring MVC supports Form Binding Object

I.e -> Once form is submitted, form data will be captured and will be stored into
model object.

To support for form binding, spring mvc provided form tag library.

---------------------------------------------------------------
<%@ taglib uri="www.springframework/tags/form" prefix="form" %>

<form:form /> -- To Represent Form

<form:input /> --- Text Field
<form:password /> --- Password
<form:radioButton /> --- radio button
<form:radioButtons /> -- for multiple radiobuttons
<form:checkbox /> --- for one checkbox display
<form:checkboxes /> --- for multiple checkboxes
<form:hidden /> --- for hidden variables
<form:select /> --- for dropdowns
<form:option /> -- for dropdown option display
------------------------------------------------------------------
Spring MVC Form Based application Development
---------------------------------------------
1) Create Maven Web Project

2) Add below maven dependencies in project pom.xml file

1) servlet-api
2) spring-webmvc
3) project lombok

3) Create Model class which is used to bind for Form data

4) Create Controller class for request handling with below methods

a) One method for form display (displayForm())

b) One method for form submission (formSubmission())

5) Create Views in WEB-INF folder using Spring Form Tag Library.

6) Configure Web Components in Web Beans Configuration file

(File will be in WEB-INF folder)

7) Configure DispatcherServlet as front controller in web.xml file

<td>
<form:radiobutton path="gender" label="Male" value="M" />
<form:radiobutton path="gender" label="Fe-Male" value="F" />
</td>
--------------------------------------------------------------

List<String> genderValues = dao.getGenderValues();

model.addAttribute("genders",genderValues);
--------------------------------------------------------------
<form:radiobuttons path="gender" items="${genders}" />

------------------------------------------------------------------
List<String> courses= dao.getCourses();

model.addAttribute("courses",courses");
------------------------------------------------------------------

<form:select path="courses" items="${courses}" />

<form:radiobuttons path="gender" items="${genders}" />

<form:select path="qualification" items="${qualification}" />

<form:select path="courses" items="${courses}" multiple="true" />

<form:checkboxed path="timings" items="${timings}" />

-----------------------------------------------------------

SQL Developer
Toad

CREATE TABLE GENDER_DTLS

(
gender_id number,
gender_name varchar2(10),
primary key(gender_id)
);

CREATE TABLE COURSE_DTLS

(
COURSE_ID NUMBER,
COURSE_NAME VARCHAR2(100),
PRIMARY KEY (COURSE_ID)
);

CREATE TABLE QUALIFICATION_DTLS

(
QUALIF_ID NUMBER,
QUALIF_NAME VARCHAR2(50),
PRIMARY KEY(QUALIF_ID)
);

CREATE TABLE COURSE_TIMINGS

(
TIMINGS_ID NUMBER,
TIMING VARCHAR2(50),
PRIMARY KEY (TIMINGs_ID)
);

insert into gender_dtls values(1,'Male');

insert into gender_Dtls values(2,'Fe-Male');

insert into course_dtls values(1,'Java');

insert into course_dtls values(2,'Testing');
insert into course_dtls values(3,'Devops');

insert into QUALIFICATION_DTLS values(1,'Under Graduate');

insert into QUALIFICATION_DTLS values(2,'Graduate');
insert into QUALIFICATION_DTLS values(3,'Post Graduate');

insert into COURSE_TIMINGS values(1,'Morning');

insert into COURSE_TIMINGS values(2,'Afternoon');
insert into COURSE_TIMINGS values(3,'Evening');

1) Presentation Layer (UI)--- JSP (/WEB-INF/views/)

2) Web Layer (Controllers, HandlerMapper,ViewResolver)

(dispatcher-servlet.xml) - web components scan

3) Service Layer (Service interfaces & Impl )

4) Persistence layer (Dao interfaces & Impl )

(rootAppCtxt.xml)-service & dao classes scan

(web.xml)--ctxt-param, listener, FC, load-on-startup

con = ConnectionManager.getConnection();
boolean flag = true;

if (book.getBookName() != null && !book.getBookName().equals(""))

{
if (flag) {
bookSearchSql.append(" WHERE BOOK_NAME='" +
book.getBookName() + "'");
flag = false;
} else {
bookSearchSql.append(" AND BOOK_NAME='" +
book.getBookName() + "'");
}
}

if (book.getBookPrice() != null && !

book.getBookPrice().equals("")) {
if (flag) {
bookSearchSql.append(" WHERE BOOK_PRICE=" +
book.getBookPrice());
flag = false;
} else {
bookSearchSql.append(" AND BOOK_PRICE=" +
book.getBookPrice());
}
}
 if (book.getAuthorName() != null && !
book.getAuthorName().equals("")) {
if (flag) {
bookSearchSql.append(" WHERE AUTHOR_NAME='" +
book.getAuthorName() + "'");
flag = false;
} else {
bookSearchSql.append(" AND AUTHOR_NAME='" +
book.getAuthorName() + "'");
}
}

System.out.println(bookSearchSql.toString());

pstmt = con.prepareStatement(bookSearchSql.toString());

rs = pstmt.executeQuery();

while (rs.next()) {
Book b = new Book();

b.setBookId(rs.getInt("BOOK_ID"));
b.setBookName(rs.getString("BOOK_NAME"));
b.setAuthorName(rs.getString("AUTHOR_NAME"));
b.setBookPrice(rs.getDouble("BOOK_PRICE"));

books.add(b);
}

---------------------------------------------------------------
Basic Search : Retriving records based on primary key

Advanced Search : Retriving records based on search criteria

Advanced Search in web applications

-----------------------------------

1) Using flag we can create dynamic sql query

2) Using where cluase in base query itself

where 1=1

Note: We can't debug Java Script code using Eclipse Debugging.

To debug java script code, we need to use Developer tools in browser.

To open developer tools F12 is the keyboard shortcut.

In Developer Tools click on Debugger menu and choose a breakpoint in java scirpt
code from where you need to start debugging.

F10 keyboard we can use to move next line in browser debugging.

Note: When we modify java script code, then we have to reload the page in browser.
(Ctrl + F5 or Ctrl + R )

Note: Delete cookies in browser.

100 % java based CONFIGURATION IN Spring MVC application

--------------------------------------------------------

web.xml file --- > WebInitializer Class

dispatcher-servlet.xml ----> WebConfig class

rootAppCtxt.xml ---> AppConfig class

<head>
<script>
function validateSearchForm(){

var bname = document.getElementById('bookName').value;

if(banme == ''){
alert("Please Enter BookName");
return false;
}

return true;

</script>
</head>

boolean preHandle()

--> Once request is recieved by DS then preHandle

---> true ---> DS will process request
---> false ---> DS will not process request

void postHandle()
---> Before sending response from DS to browser
ExecutionTimerInterceptor

BrowserCheckingInterceptor

BusinessHoursCheckingInterceptor

1) Create User Defined Interceptor by overriding preHandle and postHandle methods

2) Register user-defined interceptor with WebMvcConfigurer

registry.addInterceptor(new ExecutionTimer());

RestController : Distributed Component ( B 2 B )

@RestController

-> RestController methods will return Response data directley

@RestController
public class WelcomeRestController{

@GetMapping("/welcome.htm")
public String getMsg(){
return "Hello";
}

@PostMapping("/adduser.htm",consumes={"application/json"})
public String addUser(@RequestBody User user){

return "user added";

}
}
-----------------------------------------------------------

Controller : Web Component ( C 2 B )

-> @Controller will mark java class as spring controller

-> Controller methods will return model and view

@Controller
public class GreetController{

@RequestMapping("/greet.htm")
public String greet(Model model){
model.addAttribute("msg","Hello");
 return "greet";
}

@RequestMapping("/validateEmail.htm")
public @ResponseBody String checkEmail(){

String status = "U";

return status;
}

}
------------------------------------------------------------------

What is difference between @RequestBody and @ResponseBody

----------------------------------------------------------

@ResponseBody : It is used to specify response type from controller method.

RestController: Distributed Component

will return response directley

Controller : Web Component

will return "model and view"
will return response directley using @ResponseBody

Reports Generation in Spring MVC

--------------------------------

Generating Excel Report

Generating PDF Report

Apache POI api

java-------------------------------------------Excel
 IText api
java ----------------------------------------PDF

Apache POI and IText apis are open source.

Spring framework having direct support for POI and IText apis.

POI ====> AbstractXlsView --- > buildExcelDocument()

IText ===> AbstractPdfView----> buildPdfDocument()

Paragraph

Table

<form action="singleFileUpload"
enctype="multipart/form-data"
method="post" >
Select File : <input type="file" name="file"/>
<input type="submit" value="Upload"/>
</form>
-----------------------------------------------------------------
@Controller
public class FilesController{

@RequestMapping(value="/singleFileUpload",
method=RequestMethod.POST
)
public String singleFileUpload(MultipartFile file, Model model){

String fname = file.getOriginalFileName();

if(fname!=null){
//logic to upload
}else{
//error msg
}
}

@RequestMapping(value="/singleFileUpload",
method=RequestMethod.POST
)
public String multiFileUpload(MultipartFile[] file, Model model){

String fname = file.getOriginalFileName();

if(fname!=null){
//logic to upload
}else{
//error msg
}
 }

MultiPartFile file

byte[] fileData = file.getBytes();

Path path = Paths.get("Directory-Path",file.getOriginalFileName());

Files.write(path,fileData);
------------------------------------
MultiPartFile[] files

for(MultipartFile file : files){

byte[] fileData = file.getBytes();

Path path =

Paths.get("Directory-Path",file.getOriginalFileName());

Files.write(path,fileData);

Single File Upload --- MultiPartFile file;

Multi File Upload ---- MultiPartFile[ ] files;

String destination ="D://Files//";

public String fileUpload(@RequestParam("file") MultiPartFile file,

Model model){

String fileName = file.getOriginalFileName();

if(fileName!=null && !fileName.equals()){

byte[] fileData = file.getBytes();

Path path = Paths.get(destination,fileName);

 Files.write(path,fileData);

Spring MVC
Spring MVC Advantages
Model-1 and Model-2(MVC) Architecture
Front Controller Design Pattern
Spring MVC Architecture
Dispatcher Servlet
HandlerMapper (SimpleUrlHandlerMapping & ReqMappingHandlerMapping)
Controller(AbstractController, @Controller, @RestController)
RequestMapping with URL (@RequestMapping)
ViewResolver (XmlViewResolver, InternalResViewResolver)
ModelAndView
WebApplicationContext & RootApplicationContext
ServletConfig
ServletContext
ContextLoaderListener
Request Redirection (redirect:buildDashboard)
Form Binding Object (modelAttribute & path)
Search Forms Development
Spring Form Tag Library
@ModelAttribute
Interceptor
File(s) Uploading (enctype="multipart/form-data", MultiPartFile)
Java Config Approach(WebInitializer, AppConfig, WebConfig)
POI & IText Reports (AbstractXlsView, AbstractPdfView)
RestController vs Controller
Exception Handling in Spring MVC (local handling & global handling)
Double Posting Problem in Spring MVC (P-R-G)
HttpServletRequest and HttpSession in Spring MVC

Spring JDBC (3 days)

*Spring ORM (xml & annotation) - 3 days

Spring AOP(4-5 days)

Spring Boot & Spring Data & Batch & Security & MicroServices