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Contents
1. Cover
2. Front Matter
3. 1. Creating Computer Games
4. 2. Getting Started with Python
5. 3. Pygame Zero
6. 4. Game Design
7. 5. Graphic Design
8. 6. Colors
9. 7. Tank Game Zero
10. 8. Sound
11. 9. Object-Oriented Programming
12. 10. Artificial Intelligence
13. 11. Improvements and Debugging
14. Back Matter

Landmarks
1. Cover
2. Table of Contents
3. Body Matter
Stewart Watkiss

Beginning Game Programming

with Pygame Zero

Coding Interactive Games on Raspberry Pi

Using Python
Stewart Watkiss
Redditch, UK

Any source code or other supplementary material referenced by

the author in this book is available to readers on GitHub via the
book's product page, located at www.​apress.​c om/​978-1-4842-
5649-7 . For more detailed information, please visit http://​www.​
apress.​c om/​source-code .

ISBN 978-1-4842-5649-7 e-ISBN 978-1-4842-5650-3

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-5650-3

Apress standard
© Stewart Watkiss 2020

This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher,
whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights
of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting,
reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or
information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software,
or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed.

Trademarked names, logos, and images may appear in this book. Rather than
use a trademark symbol with every occurrence of a trademarked name, logo,
or image we use the names, logos, and images only in an editorial fashion and
to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the
trademark. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service
marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be
taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to
proprietary rights.

While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and
accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the
publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that
may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with
respect to the material contained herein.

Distributed to the book trade worldwide by Springer Science+Business Media

New York, 233 Spring Street, 6th Floor, New York, NY 10013. Phone 1-800-
SPRINGER, fax (201) 348-4505, e-mail [email protected], or visit
www.springeronline.com. Apress Media, LLC is a California LLC and the sole
member (owner) is Springer Science + Business Media Finance Inc (SSBM
Finance Inc). SSBM Finance Inc is a Delaware corporation.
For my children Oliver and Amelia.

You are the inspiration in my life.

Introduction
This book is designed for anyone wanting to learn programming
through making fun games. It will also be useful for someone who
has already learned the basics of programming and wants to learn
how to add fun graphics and create their own games.

It is focused on making the games rather than teaching

programming theory. In this book, you're more likely to see code
on how gravity affects a missile’s trajectory rather than the most
efficient way to search through data. Even then the code is kept
simple as games should be more about playability rather than
complex physics.

The book starts with a simple text-based game to cover the basics
of programming in Python. It then quickly moves on to creating
simple graphical games in Pygame Zero. The book introduces
object-oriented programming to make it easier to make more
complex games. It also explains how you can create your own
graphics and sounds.

Throughout the book, you will get to apply the new techniques in
a variety of 2D games. As well as some new games, there are some
variations on class games including a space shooter game and
battleships.

The games are designed to run on the Raspberry Pi, although they
can be used on other platforms that support Python 3 with
Pygame Zero .

The games you make will be playable and hopefully fun to play.
They are only the beginning. If all you ever do is copy the code
from this book, then you are only going to learn so much, but by
adapting and improving these games, they can become more
enjoyable as well as helping you learn more than you ever will
from just typing out code that's written down for you. For each of
the games, there is a list of suggestions for you to develop the
games further.

All the code and resource files used in the book are available
from the page to accompany the book at
https://www.apress.com/gb/book/9781484256497 .
Acknowledgments
My family has been very supportive in my maker activities and
while writing this book. Thank you to my wife Sarah for her
support and to my children Oliver and Amelia who have been a
source of inspiration and help while writing the book. Oliver has
been particularly helpful in testing the games and giving me
feedback, and my daughter’s knowledge of music was a great help
while writing about making sounds.

I’d also like to thank the team behind the Raspberry Pi including
the Raspberry Pi Foundation and the community that has grown
around it. I’ve also been inspired by the work of Nicholas
Tollervey who created the Mu editor that is used throughout the
book and Daniel Pope who created Pygame Zero, without which
the book wouldn’t have been possible.

I’m also grateful to all the support from the team at Apress, to
Jessica Vakili for her support in putting the book together, and to
Sai Yamanoor for the technical review. There are also many other
people who helped to contribute through reviews and getting the
book production ready.
Table of Contents
Chapter 1:​Creating Computer Games
Inspiration Rather Than Imitation
Playing Games
Create the Resources
Development Cycle
Making Programming Enjoyable
Python and Pygame Zero
Compiled vs.​Interpreted
Choosing a Programming Environment
Summary
Chapter 2:​Getting Started with Python
Using the Mu Editor
Python Programming
Variables
Strings and Format
Lists
Dictionaries
Tuples
Conditional Statements (if, elif, else)
Simple Quiz Game
Loops – While, For
While Loop
For Loop
Forever Loop – while True
Changing Loop Flow – break and continue
Functions
Variable Scope
Refactoring the Code
Further Improvements
Summary
Chapter 3:​Pygame Zero
Pygame Zero Development
Compass Game
Required Files
Running Mu in Pygame Zero Mode
Adding a Background Image
 Adding an Actor
Moving the Sprite Around the Screen
Making the Movements More Realistic
Keeping Game State
Detecting Collisions
Change in Direction
Keeping Score
Adding a Countdown Timer
Final Code for Compass Game Version 0.​1
Summary
Chapter 4:​Game Design
What Makes a Game Enjoyable?​
Challenging but Achievable
Choices and Consequences
Rewards and Progress
Likeable Characters
Storyline/​Historical Relevance
Educational
Takes an Appropriate Level of Time to Play
Inclusivity
Age Appropriate
Improving Compass Game
Updated Timer
Adding Obstacles
Adding a High Score
Try and Except
Summary
Chapter 5:​Graphic Design
Creating a Theme
File Formats
Bitmap Images
Vector Images
Useful Tools
LibreOffice Draw
Inkscape
GIMP
Blender
 Create Using Code
Other Sources
Summary
Chapter 6:​Colors
Color Mixing
Bouncing Ball
Background Color Selector
Handling Mouse Events
Creating the Color Selector
Summary
Chapter 7:​Tank Game Zero
Vector Image of Tank
Creating a Dynamic Landscape
Calculating the Trajectory
Detecting a Collision
Complete Game Code
Improving the Game
Summary
Chapter 8:​Sound
Recording Sound Effects
Creating Artificial Sound Effects
Recording Audio on the Raspberry Pi
Connecting a USB Microphone
Using arecord
Audacity
Recording Sounds with Audacity
Creating Music with Sonic Pi
Downloading Free Sounds and Music
Adding Sound Effects in Pygame Zero
Playing Music in Pygame Zero
Piano Game Created with Tones
Summary
Chapter 9:​Object-Oriented Programming
What Is Object-Oriented Programming?​
OOP Classes and Objects
Creating a Class, Attributes, and Methods
Creating an Instance of a Class (Object)
 Accessing Attributes of an Object
Terminology
Encapsulation and Data Abstraction
Inheritance
Design for Object-Oriented Programming
Matching Pairs Memory Game
Creating the Classes
Program File
Summary
Chapter 10:​Artificial Intelligence
Memory Game with AI
A Good Memory
Battleships
Summary
Chapter 11:​Improvements and Debugging
Additional Techniques
More About Pygame Zero
More About Pygame
Adding Fonts
Scrolling Screen
Reading from a CSV config file
Joysticks and Gamepads
Creating Arcade Games for Picade
RetroPie
Debugging
Error Messages
Check for Variable Names
Print Statements
IDE Debugging Tools
Rubber Duck Debugging
Performance
Space Shooter Game
Summary
Where Next?​
Appendix A:​Quick Reference
Pygame Zero
Useful Keywords
Actor (Sprite)
Background Image or Color
Sound Effects
Mouse Events
Keyboard Events
Displaying Text
Python 3
Lists
Dictionaries
Conditional Statements (if, elif, else)
Loops
Python 3 Modules
Random
Math
Time
DateTime
Appendix B:​More Information
Python
Pygame Zero
Pygame
Index
About the Author and About the Technical
Reviewer
About the Author
Stewart Watkiss

is a keen maker and programmer. He has

a master’s degree in electronic
engineering from the University of Hull
and a master’s degree in computer
science from Georgia Institute of
Technology.

He has over 20 years of experience in

the IT industry, working in computer
networking, Linux system administration, technical support, and
cyber security. While working toward Linux certification, he
created the web site www.penguintutor.com . The web site
originally provided information for those studying toward
certification but has since added information on electronics,
projects, and learning computer programming.

Stewart often gives talks and runs workshops at local Raspberry

Pi events. He is also a STEM Ambassador and Code Club
volunteer, helping to support teachers and children learning
programming.

About the Technical Reviewer

Sai Yamanoor

is an embedded systems engineer working for an industrial gases

company in Buffalo, NY. His interests, deeply rooted in DIY and
open source hardware, include developing gadgets that aid
behavior modification. He has published two books with his
Other documents randomly have
different content
 234—2 Abigail, b. Jan. 30, m. William Bowers, May 12, 1797.
1778,
235—3 Mary, b. Jan. 10,
1781.
236—4 George, b. Jan. 31,
1783.
237—5 Louisa, b. Feb. 10,
1787.

(40) V. Capt. Daniel Adams [85—1] removed from Lincoln, the

place of his birth, to Townsend, where he d. Oct. 10, 1795, in his
75th year. He represented the town in General Court, and held many
important civil and military offices. He was thrice married. 1. To
Kesia Brooks, daughter of Benjamin Brooks of Townsend, previously
of Concord, March 1, 1744. She d. in childbirth, Aug. 21, 1754,
having had 6 children, 5 of whom survived her. 2. To Mehitable
Crosby of Townsend, by whom he had 10 children. She d. April 4,
1783, a. 49. 3. Widow Sarah Phelps of Lancaster, Jan. 30, 1784. His
children were as follows;
238—1 d. in infancy.
239—2 Daniel, b. July 29, m. Lucy Taylor. May 21, 1772. He d.
1746, June 10, 1827, a. 80. She d. Sept. 12,
1836. He was father to Dr. Daniel
Adams of Mont Vernon, author of
several valuable school books.
240—3 Abner, b. Oct. 22, m. 1. Mary Sawtell. 2. Sarah Sawtell.
1748,
241—4 Rebecca, b. July 6, 1750, m. James Campbell, Dec. 21, 1769. He
lived in Brookline, N. H. She d. at an
advanced age, leaving several
children.
242—5 Benjamin, b. Oct. 15, m. Mary Stone of Ashly, July 16, 1778.
1752, He d. in Cavendish, Vt.; had 7
children, 4 sons and 3 daughters.
243—6 Ephraim, b. Aug. 14, m. Lydia Knowlton, lived in Jaffrey, N.
1754, H. Had one child, who died without
issue.
244—7 Kesia, b. m. John Sherwin. She d. May 25,
1782, a. 23, a few days after her
 marriage.
245—8 Elisabeth, b. d. unmarried, Jan. 9, 1782, a. 19.
246—9 b. m. John Smith; lived in Brookline and
Mehetabel, had 4 sons and 2 daughters.
247—10 Mary, b. m. Dea. John Giles, May 6, 1789. He
had been previously m.; and his first
wife d. Oct. 17, 1788, a. 24, by whom
he had 5 children. By his 2nd wife he
had also 5 children. He d. Aug. 14,
1825, a. 62.
248—11 James, d. young.
249—12 Phebe, b. Dec. 18, m. Solomon Jewett, lived in Townsend
1770, and had 4 children: Solomon, Phebe,
Kesia, and Rozella.
250—13 James, b. April 15, m. Sybel Gasset, lived in Townsend,
1773, and had 3 daughters.
251—14 Joseph, b. m. Polly Brooks. Two other children d.
in infancy.

(41) V. Capt. Joseph Adams [87—3] d. in Lincoln, March 28,

1807, a. 83. He m. 1. Mary Eveleth of Stow, 1746. She d. July 10,
1791, a. 66, having had 11 children. He m. 2. Mrs. Priscilla Reed
Martin, July 23, 1795. Children,
252—1 Mary, b. April 29, d. Jun. 4, 1748, a. 1 y., 1 m., 6 d.
1747,
253—2 Joseph, b. Jan. 4, 1749, m. Love Lawrence, Sept. 4. 1770. He
was a physician; d. in England, Feb.
2, 1807, a. 58. He had 12 children.
[303—2]
254—3 Charles, b. Nov. 8, 1750, was a physician, and loyalist, d. at
Annapolis in Nova Scotia.
255—4 Nathan, b. Nov. 11, d. Aug. 11, 1756, a. 3 y., 9 m.
1752,
256—5 Mary, b. Oct. 11, d. Aug. 17, 1756, a. 1 y., 10 m., 6 d.
1754,
257—6 Sarah, b. Sept. 13, m. Robert Eames, Sudbury, Aug. 14,
1756, 1783.
258—7 Mary, b. July 14, m. Elisha Wheeler, Sudbury, May 4,
1758, 1779.
 259—8 Nathan, b, 1, 1760, m. Hannah McCarty, d. in Charlestown
March without issue, Sept. 25, 1830, a. 70.
260—9 Martha, b. July 15, m. Dea. David Lawrence of Littleton,
1763, Dec. 23, 1790.
261—10 Daniel, b. April 14, m. Sarah Goldthwait of Boston.
1766,
262—11 Love, b. 21, m. Henry Willard of Keene.
March 1749,

(42) V. Capt. Nathan Brown m. Rebecca Adams, [88—1] March

10, 1749. He d. in Lincoln, Oct. 13, 1781. She afterwards m.
Solomon Foster, Nov. 15, 1790. She d. Dec. 24, 1811, a. 84.
Children,
263—1 Mary, b. m. Benjamin Allen.
264—2 Rebecca, b. April 8, 1751, d. unmarried, April 27, 1773.
265—3 Elisabeth, b. Oct. 1, 1752, m. Dr. Richard Russell, Jan. 28, 1777.
266—4 Nathan, b. April 16, m. Lucy Garfield, 1775. He was killed
1755, in Concord, by a load of wood
passing over him, Dec. 12, 1814, a.
60.
267—5 Daniel, b. Sept. 13, d. in the West Indies.
1757,
268—6 Eunice, b. Feb. 13, m. William Lawrence of Lincoln, Nov.,
1761, 1780.
269—7 Lydia, b. Nov. 12, m. Daniel Weston of Lincoln, 1793.
1763,
270—8 Kezia, b. Feb. 28, m. Solomon Foster of Lincoln.
1769,

(43) V. James Adams [89—5] m. 1. Kezia Conant, Jan. 15,

1756, by whom he had 3 children. She d. Aug. 22, 1765, in her 37th
year. He m. 2. Delia Adams, daughter of Edward Adams of Sudbury,
June 5, 1766, by whom he had 12 children. She d. in Boston, Dec. 9,
1813, a. 70, and was buried in Lincoln. He d. in Lincoln, March 10,
1805, a. 71. His children were
271—1 Betsey, b. Jan. 22, m. Benjamin Adams of Sudbury,
1757, Nov.20, 1777.
 272—2 James, b. Jan. 14, m. Nancy Tarbell of Lincoln, Nov. 15,
1759, 1796.
273—3 Kezia, b. Nov. 6, 1762, d. March 30, 1769, a. 6 y., 4 m., 24 d.
274—4 Delia, b. May 26, m. Ebenezer Woodward of Hanover, N.
1767, H., Feb. 26, 1795.
275—5 Andrew, b. Oct. 9, 1768, m. Polly Hartwell of Lincoln, Sept. 10,
1795.
276—6 Eli, b. 14, m. Sarah Swift of Boston.
March 1770,
277—7 Samuel, b. June 7, 1771, m. Margaret Austin of Charlestown,
Sept. 15, 1797.
278—8 Kezia, b. Feb. 19, m. Ephraim Jones of Boston, Dec. 6,
1773, 1827.
279—9 Joseph, b. Nov. 7, 1774, d. July 7, 1775, a. 8 m.
280—10 Rebecca, b. April 4, 1776, d. Sept. 23, 1780, a. 4 y., 3 m., 19 d.
281—11 Joseph, b. June 17, d. Sept. 13, 1780, a. 2 y, 2 m., 26 d.
1778,
282—12 John, b. Nov. 13, d. in Havana, Oct. 15, 1809, a. 29.
1780,
283—13 Mary, b. July 9, 1782, m. Silas P. Tarbell of Boston, March 10,
1808.
284—14 Joseph, b. May 6, 1784, m. 1. Betsey Archibald of Maine.
285—15 Daniel, b. Feb. 20, d. Nov. 20, 1789.
1789,

(44) V. Abel Miles m. Lydia Adams, [90—6] Feb. 26, 1756. He

removed from Concord to New Ipswich, N. H., where he d. Dec. 6,
1814, a. 81. She d. March 20, 1804, a. 68. He had the following
children, all born in Concord;
286—1 Lydia, bapt. Feb. 20, m. David Rumrell, Feb. 20, 1800.
1757,
287—2 Elisabeth, b. Dec. 4, 1758, m. John Shattuck, Dec. 11, 1783.
288—3 Polly, b. July 8, 1760, d. unmarried in N. Ipswich, Nov.
14, 1804.
289—4 Rebecca, b. Jan. 3, 1762, m. Levi Mansfield, Jan. 21, 1781.
290—5 Abel, b. Oct. 17, m. Betsey Shipley, Nov. 10, 1794.
1768,
 (45) V. John Adams [91—1] lived in Lincoln. He m. 1. Lucy
Hubbard, Dec. 12, 1749, who d. Dec. 24, 1791, and 2. Beulah Baker,
Feb. 20, 1794. He had the following children,
291—1 John, b. April 15,
1751;
292—2 Edward, b. 27,
March 1753;
293—3 Abel, b. 8, 1755, d. July 9, 1756;
March
294—4 Abel, b. Feb. 20,
1757;
295—5 Thomas, b. 22,
March 1761;
296—6 Bulkeley, b. 14, m. Persis Stone of Framingham, 1785;
March 1759,
297—7 Lucy, b. June 2,
1763;
298—8 Ephraim, b. Feb. 24, d. Dec. 24, 1765;
1765,
299—9 Rebecca, b. Feb. 28,
1767;
300—10 Ephraim, b. Aug. 16, m. Susanna Flagg, 1789;
1769,
301—11 James, b. June 8, 1772.

(46) Rev. William Lawrence, minister of Lincoln, m. Love Adams,

[94—2.] He d. April 11, 1780, a. 56. She d. Jan. 3, 1820, a. 95. (See
Hist. Concord, p. 304.) They had children,
302—1 William, b. April 10, m. Eunice Brown, Nov., 1780.
1752,
303—2 Love, b. April 18, m. Dr. Joseph Adams, Sept. 4, 1770.
1754, [253—2]
304—3 John b. Dec. 24, m. Abby Kaine, d. Jan. 28, 1808.
Prescott, 1755,
305—4 Susanna, b. Jan. 4, 1758, d. March 12, 1836, unmarried.
306—5 Sarah, b. May 12, m. Samuel Bass, Esq., of Randolph,
1760, Oct. 29, 1783. She d. Oct. 12, 1822.
He gr. H. C. 1782, d. Feb. 1, 1842.
 307—6 Phebe, b. Jan. 2, 1762, m. Rev. Edmund Foster of Littleton,
Oct. 29, 1783.
308—7 Anna, b. 15, m. James De Wolf, d. Dec. 8, 1807.
March 1764,
Mary, b. Nov. 1, 1767, m. Asa Brooks, d. Sept., 1812.
309—8 Abel, b. Aug. 23, m. Mary Hodge, d. Sept. 1, 1800.
1771,

(47) Capt. Jonas Minot [108—2] m. 1. Mary Hall, daughter of Rev.

Willard Hall of Westford. She was b. July 30, 1738, and d. Nov. 3,
1792, in her 49th year. He m. 2. Mrs. Mary Dunbar, widow of Rev.
Asa Dunbar of Salem. She d. in Boston, Aug. 2, 1830, a. 82. He d. in
Concord, March 20, 1813, a. 78. A great part of Wilmot, N. H., was
granted to him.
310—1 Mary, b. Feb. 21, m. Rev. Laban Ainsworth of Jaffrey,
1761, Dec. 4, 1787.
311—2 Sarah, b. Jan. 14, m. Josiah Melvin, Jan. 28, 1790.
1763,
312—3 Jonas, b. Feb. 13, m. Miriam Barrett, Nov. 18, 1790. She
1765, was the dau. of Col. Nathan Barrett.
[182—2]
313—4 Elisabeth, b. Aug. 22, m. Daniel Page, Jan. 25, 1791.
1767,
314—5 Abigail, b. Sept. 3, 1769, m. John Stanyan, Oct., 1818.
315—6 Martha, b. Oct. 17, m. Charles Barrett, Jr., of New Ipswich,
1771, Oct. 15, 1799. He was the son of
Charles Barrett. [176—3]
316—7 Samuel, b. April 1, 1774, m. Hannah Stow of Concord.
317—8 Stephen, b. Sept. 28, m. Rebecca Trask, Nov. 9, 1809.
1776,
318—9 James, b. July 4, 1779, m. Sally Wilson of Nelson, Feb. 8,
1809.

(48) Dea. George Minot [111—5] settled in the eastern part of

Concord. He commanded a company in the Revolution, at Saratoga,
(the taking of Burgoyne,) and in several other places; and was a
highly meritorious officer. He was chosen deacon of the church, Aug.
3, 1779, and continued in office until his death, which took place
April 13, 1808, a. 65. He m. 3 wives, all by the name of Barrett. His
1st wife was Rebecca, daughter of Col. James Barrett, [184—4]
whom he m. Jan. 17, 1765, and who d. March 3, 1775, a. 33. His
2nd wife was Elisabeth, daughter of Humphrey Barrett, [151—1]
whom he m. Dec. 12, 1776, and who d. April 10, 1789, a. 45; and
his 3d wife was Lydia, daughter of John Barrett and widow of Silas
Mann. [169—3] He had the following children all by his first wife;
319—1 Rebecca, b. Feb. 4, 1768, m. William Heywood.
320—2 Dorcas, b. April 19, m. James Barrett, a grandson of Col.
1769, James B. [181—1]
321—3 Lucy, b. April 27, m. Abel Barrett [159—9].
1770,

(49) V. Stephen Minot [115—1] m. Sarah Clark, only daughter

of Jonas Clark, Esq., of Boston, June 10, 1736. He d. Sunday, Jan.
14, 1787, a. 75. He graduated H. C. 1730, and was a merchant of
Boston. His wife d. June 10, 1783, in her 64th year. They had the
following children;
322—1 Jonas b. Aug. 20, m. Hannah Speakman.
Clark, 1738,
323—2 Stephen, b. Feb. 14, merchant in Jamaica, d. single.
1740,
324—3 William, b. Feb. 7, 1743, m. Mary Collson, July 1, 1773, one of
the first settlers in Camden, Me., d. in
Boston, Nov., 1773.
325—4 John, b. Oct. 21, m. Mary De Rue of Boston; was
1744, master of a vessel in the West India
and Surinam trade, d. of fever at sea,
leaving one child, Stephen.
326—5 Francis, b. Aug. 9, 1746, d. single in Marlborough, where he
had been for his health. He was a
merchant in Boston.
327—6 Sarah, b. Nov. 7, 1749, m. Gilbert Warner Speakman, by
whom she had 6 children. She d.
Aug. 29, 1786.
328—7 James, b. Dec. 5, 1751, m. Mary Deming of Boston.
329—8 b. 8, 1754, m. Elisabeth Mayhew of Plymouth.
Christopher, March
 330—9 George, b. Sept. 6, 1756, d. March 2, 1758.
331—10 George b. Dec. 22, He grad. H. C. 1778, and was the
Richards, 1758, historian of Massachusetts. He d. Jan.
2, 1802. He m. Mary Speakman.

(50) V. Jonathan Minot [130—4] lived in Westford, where he d.

Feb. 7, 1806, a. 83. He married Esther Proctor of Chelmsford, who d.
March 30, 1808, a. 83. They had
332—1 Esther, b. May 23, m. Samuel Wright of Westford.
1747,
333—2 Jonathan, b. Aug. 23, m. Hannah Eastman, Sept. 3, 1771.
1749, He d. in Westminster, Ms.
334—3 Joseph, b. Jan. 13, He was killed in the battle of Bunker
1751. Hill.
335—4 Olive, b. Jan. 14, m. William Reed of Westford.
1753,
336—5 Elisabeth, b. Jan. 13,
1755.
337—6 John grad. H. C. 1767, lived in Castine, Me.
Marston,
338—7 Jesse, b. Nov. 5, 1759, m. Betsey Adams.
339—8 Joash, b. m. —— Hildreth of Westford.
340—9 Patty, b. m. John Clark.

THE PARSONS FAMILY.[21]

As it respects the origin of the name of Parsons, some have
supposed that it was derived from the word parson, a clerical title,
given from the fact that a clergyman is the principal person in the
church. Hence in law he is termed ecclesiæ persona, and has full
possession of all the rights of a parochial church. The s is added for
euphony's sake, or from the fact that the individual was the parson's
son.
 Others have derived it from the word parish, as parish-son,
meaning the son of some parish, one supported or educated by the
parish.
And others again have supposed that the name is the same with
Person, Peerson, Pierson, and Pearson, modified in the spelling.
Peirson or Peerson is derived, according to Camden, from son of
Peter or Peterson, the former coming originally from the French
word, Pierre.
It does not appear that there has ever been any attempt to collect
even the materials for a history of the English family of Parsons, so
far as has come to our knowledge, notwithstanding there have been
many individuals among them of great distinction; as knights,
baronets, and noblemen. Those of the name are, and have been for
a long period, found in several counties; as Devonshire,
Buckinghamshire, Nottinghamshire, Oxfordshire, &c.
Prior to 1672, Andrew Parsons, gent., was of Somersetshire, and
Philip Parsons, gent., of Worcestershire. But the earliest record we
have noticed is in
1290. Walter was then a resident of Mulso in Ireland. How long
before this he or his ancestors went there we know not. The name is
still extant there, and something above one hundred years ago,
Bishop Gibson remarked, (in his edition of Camden's Britannia,) "The
honorable family of Parsons have been advanced to the dignity of
Viscounts, and more lately, Earls of Ross."
1481. Sir John was Mayor of Hereford, who had for his armorial
bearings, Gules, a leopard's head between three crosses patee,
fitched in the foot ar.—Crest, a halberd headed az. embued gules.
1546. Robert, afterwards the noted Jesuit, was born this year, and
died April 18, 1610, a. 64. He appears to have been the first of note
of his family. His father lived near Bridgewater, Eng., at a place called
Netherstoway. Robert was educated at Balliol College, Oxford, and
was early distinguished for his abilities, but being accused of some
irregularities he forsook his country and resided for a time at
Antwerp, Louvain, Padua, Rome, Paris and Valladolid. Becoming a
convert to the Romish faith, he propagated that doctrine with all his
ability, and was no small instrument in stirring up the benighted
vassals of Philip II. to attempt the conquest of his native country.
The event of that attempt will always be viewed with an intensity of
interest.
How much Father Parsons had to do in circulating the Pope's bulls
and inflammatory tracts in England at the period of the Armada can
never be known, but from his knowledge of the country, the people,
and their language, it is not unlikely that his agency was by no
means inconsiderable. Fuller, in speaking of the fierceness of the
battle between the fleets observes, that "bullets did not fly about so
much at sea, as bastardly libels did by land; so fitly called, because
none durst father them."
He established an English college at Rome and another at
Valladolid, for such of his countrymen as might follow him, or come
otherwise into exile. He published several works, but that by which
he is best known is entitled "Leicester's Commonwealth," which,
though abounding with misstatements, vague rumors, and base
insinuations, was nevertheless a work of great ability. And although
the pen of Sir Philip Sidney was exercised in its refutation, he is not
considered to have completely effected his object. This most singular
book of Father Robert was first printed in 1641, and in less than 70
years had become so rare that an edition of it was published,
purporting to have been printed from a newly discovered
manuscript, and passed current as such without detection, it is
believed. To the original edition is appended a poem, entitled
"Leycester's Ghost," a great literary curiosity. An extract from the
poem is as follows:
 Let no man think I exercis'd the Ghost
Of this great Peere that sleepeth in the dust,—
Or conjur'd up his spirit to his cost
To presse with dispraise or praise unjust,
I am not partiall but give him his due,
And to his soule I wish eternall health,
Ne do I thinke all written tales are true,
That are inserted in his Common-wealth;
What others wrot before I do survive,
But am not like to them incenst with hate,
And as I plainely write, so do I strive
To write the truth, not wronging his estate.
Of whom it may bee said and censur'd well,
Hee both in vice and vertue did excell.
1556. Francis was vicar of Rothwell in Nottinghamshire. There is a
wood called Parsons' wood, in the hundred of Nassaburgh, in the
same county.
1618. Bartholomew appears as the author of three sermons—"First
Fruits of the Gentiles," 4to. In 1616, "Assize Sermon," 4to. 1631,
"Dorcas, or a Perfect Patterne of a True Disciple," Sermon, 4to.
Oxford.

1634. About this year Thomas Parsons was knighted by Charles I.

The foregoing engraving represents his arms, still retained in the
family in the United States, and by his descendants in London,
among whom were Sir John and Sir Humphrey; the former, Lord
Mayor of that city in 1704, the latter, in 1731 and 1740. The same
coat of arms is also retained by the branch of the Parsons family
now long resident in Barbadoes.
Langley in Buckinghamshire was long a seat of a family of the
name, but they seem to have abandoned it about the end of the
17th century for a residence in Nottinghamshire. The first of this
family whose descendants we can trace appears to have been
Ralph, of Northampton, who had a son
John, who lived at Boveney, Co. Bucks, who had by his wife, dau.
of —— Cutler, Esq.,
John of Boveney and Langley, who m. Elisabeth, the sole heiress of
Sir John Kidderminster, and had,
1. Charles, b. 1625, d. without issue.
2. William, and three daughters.
This William, the only surviving son, m. Elisabeth, dau. and heiress
of Sir Lawrence Parsons, by whom he had two sons; one a Colonel,
d. without issue, and John, his successor. William Parsons (the father)
was made a baronet by Charles II. for his adherence to the cause of
his father, Charles I. He was somewhat conspicuous during the
interregnum, as may be inferred from his granting a pass to one of
the gentlemen of the privy chamber, to proceed to Ireland. The
gentleman, however, having been taken by the parliament officers,
was, Carte says, put to the rack, "to make him confess." This
circumstance is supposed to have given Butler the ground he has
taken in these lines in his Hudibras:
"Rack 'em until they do confess,
Impeach of treason whom they please,
And most perfidiously condemn,
Those that engaged their lives for them."
Sir Thomas Parsons of Great Milton in Oxfordshire, (before
mentioned,) m. in 1614, Catharine, a dau. of Edward Radcliff of
London, son of Alderman Radcliff, by whom he had Robert, Thomas,
Richard, Anthony, and six daughters. He was the son of Thomas of the
same place, by his first wife, Judith Garbrand of the city of Oxford,
who also had a daughter Amy, m. to Richard Alworth of Turford,
Buckinghamshire. His second wife was Sarah, dau. of Edmund Waller
of Costell, by whom he had three sons, John, Edmund, Francis, and
two daughters, Elisabeth, m. Anthony Radcliff of Chalford, Co.
Bucks, and Ann, wife of Richard Baldwin of Beaconsfield, in the
same county.
The grandfather of Sir Thomas was Thomas of Great Milton, who m.
Catharine, dau. of Hester Sydenham, by whom he had Thomas, Hugh,
and Richard.
Richard m. Miss —— Pierpont, and had a son John of London, who
m. 1. a dau. of Joshua Whistler, by whom he had a daughter
Catharine; he m. 2. Mary Gualter of London. Some of this family
were among the early emigrants to America.
The first of the name we find in New England is Joseph, Springfield,
1636, where he appears as a witness to the deed from the Indians
of the lands of that place and vicinity to William Pynchon and others,
on the fifteenth of July. There appear, however, soon after, at the
same place, Hugh and Benjamin. And family tradition relates that
Joseph and Benjamin were brothers, that they were born in Great
Torrington, near Exeter, Devonshire, England, who, with other
children, accompanied their father to New England, about the year
1630. It is probable that they came over with Mr. Pynchon.
(1) Joseph Parsons,1 as has been mentioned, was at Springfield in 1636,
where he probably remained until 1655, in which year he
removed to Northampton. On the records of the latter town is
this entry: "Joseph Parsons did at a Court in Northampton,
holden March, 1662, testifie that he was a witness to a deed
of the lands at Springfield, and a bargain betweene the
Indians and Mr. Pynchon, dated July 15, 1636, for 18 fathoms
of wampom, 18 coates, 18 hatchets, 18 hoes, 18 knives."
As soon as the town was incorporated he was elected
"Townsman," (or selectman,) though he subsequently paid
the town 20 shillings not to elect him to any office during the
second year of its incorporation. After that we find him
serving the town as "Townsman" for seven years. He was a
principal founder of Northampton, was extensively engaged in
 the fur trade, and acquired a large estate.
He m. Mary, dau. of Thomas Bliss of Hartford, (afterwards
of Northampton,) Nov. 26, 1646. They resided in
Northampton till 1679, in which year they returned to
Springfield, where they both died. Among the records of
deaths of that town we find, "Cornet Joseph Parsons was sick
and died, Oct. 9, 1683." She outlived him near 19 years,
dying Jan. 29, 1712. Their children were,
(2) I. Joseph,2 b. 1647, m. Elisabeth, dau. of Elder John Strong,
(11) whose father was ancestor of the late Caleb Strong, Governor
of Massachusetts. He d. Nov. 29, 1729. She was b. at
Windsor, Ct., Feb. 24, 1648, d. at Northampton, May 11,
1736, a. 88.
(3) II. John,2 b. 1649, m. Sarah, dau. of Lieut. —— Clarke, at
Northampton, Dec. 23, 1675.
(4) III. Samuel,2 b. 1652, settled at Durham, Ct., 1706.
(21)
(5) IV. Ebenezer,2 b. 1655, served against the Indians in Philip's war,
and was killed fighting under Capt. Beers at Northfield, Sept.
8, 1675, with his commander and many more. He was the
first white child born in Northampton.
(6) V. Jonathan,2 b. June 6, 1657, d. Oct. 19, 1684.
(7) VI. David,2 b. April 30, 1659.
(8) VII. Mary,2 b. June 27, 1661, m. 1. Joseph Ashley of Springfield,
Oct. 15, 1685; 2. Joseph Williston, March 2, 1699.
(9) VIII. Hannah,2 b. 1663, m. Rev. Pelatiah Glover of Springfield, Jan. 6,
1687.
(10) IX. Abigail,2 b. Sept. 3, 1666, m. John Colton, Feb. 19, 1689, d.
soon after, leaving a dau. who m. Francis Griswold of Windsor,
Ct.
(11) X. Hester,2 b. 1672, m. Joseph Smith of Greenwich, Ct.

Joseph,3 (2) who m. Elisabeth Strong, had,

(12) I. Joseph,3 b. June 28, 1671, graduated at H. C. 1697, being the
(26) first of the name who had graduated there. He m. Elisabeth,
dau. of Dr. Benjamin Thompson of Roxbury, Ms., (who was son
of Rev. William Thompson of Braintree, Ms.,) in 1701. He
settled in the ministry, 1st, at Lebanon, Ct., 2nd, at Salisbury,
 Ms., in 1718, where he d. March 13, 1739, a. 69. His wife d. at
Kensington, N. H.
(13) II. John,3 b. Jan. 11, 1674.
(14) III. Ebenezer,3 b. Dec. 11, 1675, m. Mercy Stebbins, Dec. 15, 1703,
d. 1744.
(15) IV. Elisabeth,3 b. Feb. 3, 1678.
(16) V. David,3 b. Feb. 1, 1680, at Northampton, grad. H. C. 1705,
minister of Malden, 1708, of Leicester, 1721, where he d.
1737, having been dismissed two years before. His son David4
graduated at Harvard College in 1729, and was ordained as
the first pastor of the church in Amherst, Nov. 6, 1739. He m.
Eunice Wells of Wethersfield, Ct., had 9 children, and d. 1781,
a. 69. He was the father of the Rev. David5 Parsons, D. D., of
Amherst, who was b. Jan. 28, 1749, H. C. 1771, settled Oct. 2,
1782, d. 1823, a. 74. Dr. Parsons had eleven children; namely,
Ezekiel Williams,6 a physician in Colchester, Ct.; David6 of
Amherst, an artisan; Prudence Stoddard,6 m. Rev. Marcus
Smith,6 Rensselaerville, N. Y.; Thomas,6 a merchant, New York
city, d. a. 41; Harriet,6 m. 1. Rev. Royal Washburn, and 2.
Hon. David Mack of Amherst; Francis,6 an attorney at
Hartford, Ct., and Judge of the Court of Common Pleas; Mary,6
m. Rev. William Williams, formerly a clergyman, but now a
practising physician at Salem; Caroline,6 d. a. 22; Sophia,6 m.
Rev. Silas Aiken of Boston; William,6 a physician of Canaan,
Ct., d. a. 27; and James,6 a graduate and an instructor of
youth at Savannah, Ga., d. a. 29.
(17) VI. Josiah,3 b. Jan. 2, 1682, m. Sarah Sheldon, June 22, 1710, d.
April 12, 1768, a. 86.
(18) VII. Daniel,3 b. Aug., 1685, at Northampton, m. Abigail Cooley of
Springfield, June 17, 1709, resided in Springfield.
(19) VIII. Moses,3 b. Jan. 15, 1687, at Northampton, m. Abigail Ball of
Springfield, Jan. 20, 1710, about which time he removed to
Durham, Ct.
(20) IX. Abigail,3 b. Jan. 1, 1690.
(21) X. Noah,3 b. Aug. 15, 1692, left descendants.

Samuel,2 (4) who settled in Durham, Ct, had,

 (22) I. Timothy,3 b. 1694, d. Jan. 28, 1772.
(23) II. Simeon,3 b. 1701, d. Jan. 6, 1784.
(24) III. Phinehas,3 b. 1703, d. May 6, 1724.
(25) IV. Aaron.3
(26) V. Ithamar,3 b. 1707, d. Jan. 21, 1786. He and probably all his
brothers left male posterity. David4 and Nathan,4 sons of
Ithamar, removed to Granville, Ms., about 1760. David4 of
Granville, Ms., had a son Joel,5 who was father to the Hon.
Judge Anson V.6 Parsons of Philadelphia.

Joseph,3 (12) who m. Elisabeth Thompson, had,

(27) I. Joseph,4 b. in Salisbury, 1702, grad. H. C. 1720, ordained at
Bradford, Ms., June 8, 1726, d. there May 4, 1765, a. 63. His
wife was Frances, dau. of John Usher, Lieut. Gov. of New
Hampshire, who was son of Hezekiah Usher, by Elisabeth,
dau. of the Rev. Zachariah Symmes of Charlestown, Ms. His
publications were an Election Sermon, an Ordination, and an
Artillery Election Sermon, 1744. Their children were, 1.
Frances,5 b. 1730, d. at Epping, N. H., Oct. 7, 1808,
unmarried, a. 78. 2. Elisabeth,5 b. 1731, d. 1733. 3. Joseph,5
b. Oct. 5, 1733, minister of Brookfield, Ms., d. Jan. 17, 1771,
a. 38. His wife was Sarah, dau. of Rev. Warham Williams of
Waltham, Ms., by Abigail, dau. of Col. George Leonard of
Norton. Rev. Warham Williams was son of Rev. John Williams
of Deerfield, the "Redeemed Captive," and grandson of
Deacon Samuel Williams of Roxbury and Rev. Eleazer Mather
of Northampton, great-grandson of Robert Williams and
Deacon William Park of Roxbury. 4. Thomas,5 b. 1735, who
went to Parsonsfield, Me. 5. Samuel,5 b. 1737, of Cornville,
Me., d. 1807. 6. Dr. John,5 b. 1740, of S. Berwick, Me., d.
1775. 7. William,5 b. 1741, d. 1742. 8. William,5 of Alfred,
Me., b. 1743, d. Aug. 4, 1826, a. 83. 9. Sarah,5 b. 1745, d. at
Parsonsfield, 1800. 10. Edward,5 b. 1747, went in the
Revolutionary army, as Adjutant in Col. Poor's regiment, and
d. 1776.
Rev. Joseph Parsons5 of Brookfield left an only dau., who m.
Samuel Pitkin, Esq., of E. Hartford, Ct. William,5 who d. at
 Alfred, Me., had nine children, among whom was Usher,6 M.
D., of Providence, R. I., a professor in Brown University, a
surgeon in the war of 1812, and in Perry's fleet at the battle
of Lake Erie. He m. Mary, dau. of Rev. Abiel Holmes, D. D.,
author of "American Annals." Dr. Parsons is himself author of
several medical treatises of great merit.
Thomas5 was the proprietor of Parsonsfield, Me., and left a
numerous posterity—19 children, by two wives. His first wife
was Mary Poor.
(28) II. Samuel,4 b. at Salisbury, Ms., 1707, grad. H. C. 1730, ordained
at Rye, N. H., Nov. 3, 1736, m. Mary, only child of Samuel
Jones, Esq., of Boston, Oct. 9, 1739, d. Jan. 4, 1789, a. 82, in
the 53rd year of his ministry. The grandfather of Mary Jones
was Capt. John Adams of Boston, grandson of Henry of
Braintree, who was among the first settlers of Massachusetts,
and from whom a numerous race of the name are descended,
including two Presidents of the United States. Gov. Samuel
Adams (the patriot) was cousin to Mary who m. Samuel
Jones.
Rev. Samuel Parsons5 had four children; namely, 1. Mary,
m. Rev. John Tucke of Epsom, whose dau. Love M. m. Simeon
Drake, late of Concord, N. H. 2. Joseph, M. D., a captain in the
Revolutionary army, who d. in Rye, N. H., in 1832, a. 86. 3.
Hannah, d. unmarried. 4. Betsey, m. Lieut. Samuel Wallace of
Rye, whose dau. m. the late Isaac Waldron, Esq., of
Portsmouth, N. H.
(29) III. William,4 b. at Salisbury, April 21, 1716, grad. H. C. 1735,
settled over the church in South Hampton, N. H., 1743, from
which he was dismissed after a ministry of about twenty
years. He m. Sarah Burnham of Durham, N. H., May 16, 1743.
In 1763, he removed to Gilmanton with his family, that town
being then a wilderness, though by the end of the year about
twenty families had arrived and commenced settlements.[22]
Mr. Parsons was employed by the proprietors to preach to the
inhabitants. He also instructed the youth of the place, and
continued these services after his labors as a minister ceased.
He d. Jan. 31, 1796, and his wife followed him to the grave,
Feb. 28, 1797. His children were Sarah, William, Elisabeth,
John, Joseph, and Ebenezer. Elisabeth m. Gen. Joseph Badger,
Jr., who was the father of Hon. William Badger of Gilmanton,
late Governor of New Hampshire.
 (30) IV. Elisabeth,4 b. 1718, m. Rev Jeremiah Fogg of Kensington, N. H.
She d. March 5, 1779, a. 61. He d. Dec. 1, 1789, in the 78th
year of his age, and the 52nd of his ministry. A descendant of
Rev. Mr. Fogg is the consort of Rev. James Farnsworth of
Boxboro', Ms.
(31) V. John,4 b. Oct. 15, 1725, d. Sophomore in H. C., Oct. 28, 1740.

(1) Benjamin Parsons,1 younger brother of Cornet Joseph, whose descendants

are above traced, was like him among the first settlers of
Springfield, and a prominent citizen, a gentleman of exemplary
moral character, of great worth and respectability. He was
Deacon of the church, and a chief instrument in its formation in
Springfield, as appears from his correspondence with the Rev.
Dr. Increase Mather. In the civil affairs of the town, no one held
more responsible offices, or discharged them with greater
fidelity.
Mr. Parsons m. 1st, Sarah, dau. of Richard Vore of Windsor,
who was a member of the Rev. John Warham's church in
Dorchester, and accompanied him to Windsor in 1635. She d. at
Springfield, Jan. 1, 1676. He m. 2nd, Sarah, relict of John
Leonard, Feb. 21, 1677. Her father having settled in Springfield
in 1639. Deacon Parsons d. August 24, 1689, and his wife in
1690.

His children by his first marriage were,

(2) I. Sarah,2 b. at Springfield, (as were probably all his children,) Aug.
18, 1656, m. James Dorchester.
(3) II. Benjamin,2 b. Sept. 15, 1658, m. Sarah, dau. of John Keep of
(10) Springfield, Jan. 17, 1683. He d. at Enfield, Ct., Dec. 28, 1728,
a. 60. She d. July 8, 1729. Her mother was Sarah, dau. of
John Leonard of Springfield, and her father was killed by the
Indians at Long Meadow, 1676; probably on the 26th of
March; as on that day, six men were killed at Springfield, three
of them near Pecowsick brook, as they were passing from
Long Meadow to the town, with an escort under Capt. Nixon.
The circumstance was long perpetuated by the following
distich, but with how much truth we pretend not to say. It is
this:
 "Seven Indians, and one without a gun,
Caused Captain Nixon and forty men to run."
(4) III. Mary,2 b. Dec. 10, 1660, at Springfield, Jan. 27, 1662.
(5) IV. Abigail,2 b. Jan. 6, 1662, m. 1. John Mun, Dec. 23, 1680; 2.
John Richards, Oct. 7, 1686.
(6) V. Samuel,2 b. Oct. 10, 1666, m. Hannah Hitchcock, March 18,
(14) 1683, d. in Enfield, Feb., 1736, a. 70.
(7) VI. Ebenezer,2 b. Nov. 17, 1668, m. Margaret, dau. of Samuel and
(24) Katherine Marshfield of Springfield, and granddaughter of
Thomas Marshfield, who came from Exeter, England, with Rev.
Mr. Warham, and settled in Windsor, Ct. Mr. Parsons d. at
Springfield, Sept. 23, 1752, a. 84. His wife d. June 12, 1758,
a. 87, as is to be seen on her tombstone in West Springfield,
together with these lines:
The hope of life immortal
bloom, Dispel ye grave's
most hideous gloom
Christ on ye Resurection
day his Saints with glory shall array.
Mr. Parsons was highly respected, was Deacon of the
Congregational church in West Springfield fifty-two years,
which terminated at his decease.
(8) VII. Mary,2 b. Dec. 17, 1670, m. Thomas Richards, Oct. 21, 1691.
(9) VIII. Hezekiah,2 b. Nov. 24, 1673, m. Hannah, dau. of Eliakim Cooley
of Springfield, Feb. 20, 1701. [There is a curious entry on the
Springfield records concerning this match.] They resided in
Enfield and Suffield, Ct. He d. July 11, 1748.
(10) IX. Joseph,2 b. Dec., 1675, m. Abigail Phelps, Sept. 15, 1697. He
resided in West Springfield.

Benjamin,2 (3) of Enfield, who m. Sarah Keep, had,

(11) I. John,3 b. in Enfield, Nov. 19, 1684, d. there May 9, 1717, a. 33.
(12) II. Benjamin,3 b. March 1, 1688, was of Enfield, Ct., where he d.
unmarried, July 4, 1734, a. 46.
(13) III. Christopher,3 b. Jan. 28, 1691, m. Mary Pease of Enfield, April
22, 1714, d. Sept. 10, 1747, a. 56. They had twelve children,
born between March 1, 1715, and Dec. 23, 1740; eight sons
and four daughters. The sons were John,4 Christopher,4
 Benjamin,4 Joseph,4 Ebenezer,4 Benjamin,4 Jabez,4 Noah,4
John,4 m. Ann Colton at Enfield and had John,5 Ebenezer,5
Jabez,5 and Oliver,5 who d. at Peekskill in 1777, in the
Revolutionary war.
Christopher,4 m. Mary, dau. of Samuel Pease, and had
among other children, Asahel5 and Christopher.5
Benjamin,4 m. Sophia Pease, and had Simeon,5 Mary,5 and
John.5 He lived at Enfield.
Joseph,4 m. Rebecca Allen of Enfield, Ct., and had Joseph,5
and Jabez,5 and three daughters. Joseph5 had a large family
in Enfield.
(14) V. Sarah,3 of whom we have no account but of her death, July 8,
1729.

Samuel,2 (6) of Enfield, who m. Hannah, dau. of Luke Hitchcock of

Springfield, had,
(15) I. John,3 b. July 23, 1693, m. Thankful Root of Enfield, June 20,
1716. They had seven children, among whom were John,4
Moses,4 and Thomas.4
(16) II. Luke,3 b. Jan. 4, 1696, m. Sarah Osborn, Sept. 13, 1716, at
Enfield. They had seven children, one of whom was a son,
Luke,4 b. April 17, 1724.
(17) III. Hezekiah,3 b. April 13, 1698, m. Rebecca Burt, Nov. 15, 1723, d.
1751. He had, besides other children, Hezekiah,4 David,4
Eldad,4 and Charles.4
(18) IV. Hannah,3 b. Aug. 2, 1700, m. Nath'l Horton, March 3, 1720.
(19) V. Nathaniel,3 b. Dec. 28, 1702, m. Mary Pease, Dec. 18, 1725. He
had Nathaniel,4 Chadwell,4 who m. Ruth, dau. of Josiah Ward
of Enfield, and Stephen.4
(20) VI. Moses,3 b. June 10, 1707, m. Hannah, dau. of Samuel Stebbins
of Springfield, Jan. 13, 1736, d. at Enfield, 1786. He had 8
children, 4 sons and 4 daughters. Warham4 m. Mary Pease,
and had, besides other children, Martin,5 Warham,5 and
Moses.5
(21) VII. Miriam,3 b. April 9, 1710, m. Caleb Jones, Nov. 10, 1730.
 (22) VIII. Samuel,3 b. Nov. 23, 1690, (at Springfield) m. Abigail Randall,
Dec. 4, 1713, and had sons, Samuel4 and Aaron.4
(23) IX. Sarah,3 b. Nov. 10, 1704, m. Thomas Jones, June 10, 1742.
(24) X. Daniel, of whom, as yet, nothing appears.

Ebenezer,2 (7) of West Springfield, who m. Margaret Marshfield, had,

(25) I. Ebenezer,3 b. at Springfield, Jan. 12, 1691, m. Martha Ely, 1714,
d. 1742, leaving 10 children; namely, Martha,4 m. John Taylor;
Eunice,4 m. Daniel H. Phelps of Upper Housatonick; Margaret,4
m. Daniel Foot of Colchester; Mary,4 m. William Clark of
Colchester; Diana4; Ebenezer4; Naomi,4 m. Asaph Leonard;
Stephen4; Abigail4; and Seth.4
(26) II. Margaret,3 b. Sept. 19, 1693, m. Rev. Daniel Elmer of Newark, N.
J.
(27) III. Jonathan,3 b. July 15, 1695. Drowned, July 1, 1703.
(28) IV. Benjamin,3 b. Dec. 15, 1696, m. Martha Bliss, Aug. 15, 1723;
went to Kingston, thence to Palmer, Ms., d. at Swansey, in the
house of his son, Aaron.4 His wife d. at Palmer, Ms., July 17,
1760, a. 56. They had 12 children. Eleanor,4 m. Elizur Fitch of
Monson; David4 of Palmer, Ms.; Tabitha,4 m. Robert McMaster
of Palmer, 1766; Moses,4 d. at the Havanna in the French war;
Israel,4 d. in the same war, at Fort Harmer; Aaron4 of
Swansey; Jonathan,4 m. Mary, dau. Deacon Joseph Merrick of
Springfield, d. at W. Springfield, May 2, 1810, a. 75. She d.
March 15, 1817, a. 84. Joshua,4 m. Eleanor Allen, lived in
Palmer, Ms. Abigail,4 m. Ebenezer Bliss of Belchertown.
Martha,4 m. Daniel Worthington, Vt.; Benjamin,4 d. in the
French war.
(29) V. Caleb,3 b. Dec. 27, 1699, m. Miriam Williston, Oct. 4, 1749. She
d. at W. Springfield, July 24, 1760, a. 53, leaving one son,
Caleb,4 b. 1755, d. 1760.
(30) VI. Sarah,3 b. Feb. 4, 1703, m. Pelatiah Hitchcock of Brookfield, Ms.
(31) VII. Jonathan,3 b. at Springfield, Nov. 30, 1705, grad. at Y. C. 1729,
(33) studied theology with Rev. Elisha Williams, President of Y. C.,
and Rev. Jonathan Edwards of Northampton, ordained at Lyme,