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The document provides essential notes for a 6th-grade math final exam, covering key concepts in mensuration, symmetry, practical geometry, algebra basics, and ratios & proportions. It includes formulas for perimeter and area, lines of symmetry for various shapes, tools for geometric constructions, and methods for solving equations and proportions. Additionally, it offers tips for exam success, emphasizing the importance of identifying questions, checking units, and organizing answers.

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8 views3 pages

Revision

The document provides essential notes for a 6th-grade math final exam, covering key concepts in mensuration, symmetry, practical geometry, algebra basics, and ratios & proportions. It includes formulas for perimeter and area, lines of symmetry for various shapes, tools for geometric constructions, and methods for solving equations and proportions. Additionally, it offers tips for exam success, emphasizing the importance of identifying questions, checking units, and organizing answers.

Uploaded by

cursor.subs
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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6th Grade Math: Important Notes for Final

Exam

1. Mensuration
Key Concepts:

• Perimeter: Distance around a closed figure.

– Square: P = 4 × side
– Rectangle: P = 2 × (L + B)
– Triangle: P = a + b + c (sum of all sides)
– Equilateral Triangle: P = 3 × side

• Area: Amount of space inside a 2D shape.

– Square: Area = side2


– Rectangle: Area = L × B
1
– Triangle: Area = 2
× base × height

Common Applications:

• Perimeter: Fencing fields, borders of frames, track distances.

• Area: Flooring, painting walls, measuring land.

Tips:

• Check units (cm, m, km). Convert if needed.

• Perimeter in linear units; Area in square units.

• Always label answers with correct units.

2. Symmetry
Lines of Symmetry in Common Shapes:

• Square: 4 lines (2 diagonals, 2 mid-segment lines)

• Rectangle: 2 lines (through midpoints of opposite sides)

• Equilateral Triangle: 3 lines

1
• Isosceles Triangle: 1 line

• Scalene Triangle: 0 lines

• Circle: Infinite lines of symmetry

Key Points:

• A shape has line symmetry if a line divides it into two identical parts.

• Real-life examples: Butterflies, leaves, human face, some logos.

3. Practical Geometry
Tools and Their Uses:

• Ruler (Scale): Draw/measure line segments.

• Compass: Draw circles, arcs; mark equal distances.

• Protractor: Measure/construct angles.

• Divider: Compare lengths.

• Set Squares: Draw perpendicular or parallel lines, 30–60–90 or 45–45–90 angles.

Common Constructions:

1. Line Segment of Given Length: Use a ruler; mark endpoints at required distance.

2. Perpendicular from a Point: Use compass arcs from that point onto the line.

3. Bisect a Line Segment: Compass arcs from endpoints above and below; connect
intersections.

4. Bisect an Angle: Draw arcs from angle sides; connect intersections with vertex.

5. Construct a Circle: Set compass to given radius, place on center, draw.

4. Algebra Basics
Key Terms:

• Variable: A letter representing an unknown (e.g., x, y).

• Expression: Numbers, variables, and operations (e.g., 2x + 5).

• Equation: Two expressions set equal (includes an “=” sign).

2
Solving Simple Equations:

• One-Step (e.g., x + 5 = 12 ⇒ x = 7).

• Two-Step (e.g., 2x + 3 = 11 → subtract 3, then divide by 2).

Tip: Always check by substituting the solution back into the equation.

5. Ratios & Proportions


Ratios:

part
• Compare two quantities: part
or “:” notation.

• Simplify by dividing both parts by GCD.

Proportions:

a
• Two ratios are equal: b
= dc .

• Cross multiply to solve: a × d = b × c.

Unitary Method:

• Find cost/quantity of 1 unit, then multiply to find many units.

Final Exam Success Tips


1. Identify What Is Asked: Perimeter vs. Area? Ratio vs. Equation?

2. Check Units: Convert if needed.

3. Apply Correct Formula: Write it first, then substitute.

4. Stay Organized: Show steps clearly.

5. Review & Practice: Label final answers properly.

Good luck on your final exam!

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