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Callback_Topic_JavaScript

Callbacks in JavaScript are functions passed as arguments to other functions, executed after the parent function completes, and are essential for handling asynchronous operations. There are two types of callbacks: synchronous, which block further execution until they finish, and asynchronous, which allow other code to run while waiting for completion. Converting callback-based functions to Promise-based functions results in cleaner code, better error handling, and easier chaining of operations.

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2 views

Callback_Topic_JavaScript

Callbacks in JavaScript are functions passed as arguments to other functions, executed after the parent function completes, and are essential for handling asynchronous operations. There are two types of callbacks: synchronous, which block further execution until they finish, and asynchronous, which allow other code to run while waiting for completion. Converting callback-based functions to Promise-based functions results in cleaner code, better error handling, and easier chaining of operations.

Uploaded by

vaibhmore09
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as RTF, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Q.1] What are Callbacks in JavaScript?

A callback in JavaScript is a function that is passed as an argument to another function. It’s executed
once the parent function has finished executing, or when a certain task is completed.

Callbacks are used to handle asynchronous operations (e.g., reading files, API requests, etc.), and they
allow you to specify what should happen once that operation is completed.

Example of a Callback:

Difference Between Synchronous and Asynchronous Callbacks

Synchronous Callback:

A synchronous callback is executed immediately within the function that called it, and the program waits
for it to complete before moving on to the next task. These callbacks block the execution of further code
until they are done.
Asynchronous Callback:

An asynchronous callback is executed after the operation completes (e.g., after a timeout, API call, or file
read). The program continues executing other code while waiting for the asynchronous task to finish.

Summary of Key Differences:

· Synchronous Callbacks: Block further execution until the callback finishes. The next line of code
is executed only after the callback completes.

· Asynchronous Callbacks: Do not block execution. The callback is executed at a later time after
the asynchronous task completes, allowing other tasks to continue in the meantime.

Conclusion:
· Callbacks are fundamental for handling asynchronous operations in JavaScript, especially for
things like API requests, timers, and file reading.

· Callback hell occurs when you have deeply nested callbacks that make the code hard to read and
maintain. This can be mitigated using Promises or async/await to make the code more readable
and maintainable.

· Synchronous callbacks are executed immediately, while asynchronous callbacks are executed
after the asynchronous task finishes, allowing other code to run in the meantime.

Q2] How can you convert a callback-based function to a Promise-based function?

Why Convert to a Promise?

· Cleaner Code: Using Promises or async/await can result in cleaner, more readable code
than using callbacks, especially when you have multiple asynchronous operations.

· Error Handling: Promises provide a clearer way to handle errors using .catch() or
try/catch blocks in async functions.

· Chaining: Promises allow you to chain multiple asynchronous operations together,


which is harder to do with nested callbacks.

Example with Multiple Callback-based Functions:

If you have a more complex scenario where multiple callback-based functions are involved, like
this:
You can convert each function to return a Promise:

Now, you can chain these promises together:


This is much cleaner than the old callback pattern, where you'd have to handle nested callbacks and
error handling.

Conclusion:

· To convert a callback-based function into a Promise-based function:

· Wrap the asynchronous code inside a new Promise().

· Use resolve() for success and reject() for failure.

· You can then use .then(), .catch(), or async/await to handle the result.

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