A Project Report on

“Mechanical Pr
operties of material”

Submitted by,

SHUBHAM DEVKAR (ENROLLMENTNO. 23213380136)

Guided by,

Prof. Mayur kadam

A Report submitted to SIDDHANT COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING - [SCOE]

SUDUMBARE, PUNE in partial fulfilment of the requirements of

DIPLOMA Engineering in

Civil Engineering

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

SIDDHANT COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING - [SCOE]
SUDUMBARE, PUNE
 Academic Year : 2023–2024

SIDDHANT COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING - [SCOE]

SUDUMBARE, PUNE

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that, this Project report entitled

“Mechanical Properties of material”

Submitted by,

SHUBHAM DEVKAR (ENROLLMENT NO. 23213380136)

For partial fulfilment of the requirement for the internal assessment for
the Subject of “Mechanical Properties of material” of DIPLOMA SECOND YEAR in
CIVIL ENGINEERING as laid down by MSBTE, is a record of their own work
carried out by them under my supervision and guidance during year 2023-2024

Place: Pune

Date : / /2023

Prof. Mayur Kadam

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

With all respect and gratitude, I would like to thank all people who have helped
me directly or indirectly for the completion of this Project work.

I thank my project guide Prof. Mayur Kadam, for helping me to understand the
project topic conceptually in every phase of project work on “Mechanical Properties of
material”

I express my heartily gratitude towards Prof. Mayur kadam, for guiding me to

understand the work conceptually and also for providing necessary information and
required resources with his constant encouragement to complete this project work.

Last but not the least, I thank to all the Teaching & non-teaching staff members of Civil
Engineering Department for providing necessary information and required resources.

I am ending this acknowledgement with deep indebtedness to my friends who have

helped me

SHUBHAM DEVKAR (ENROLLMENT NO. 23213380136)

 “Mechanical Properties of material”

INTRODUCTION

The practical application of engineering materials in manufacturing

engineering depends upon a thorough knowledge of their particular
properties under a wide range of conditions. The term "property” is a
qualitative or quantitative measure of the response of materials to
externally imposed conditions like forces and temperatures. However, the
range of properties found in different classes of materials is very large.

Classification of material property:

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES:
• The properties of the material that define its manners under applied forces are
known as mechanical properties. They are usually associated with the elastic
and plastic behavior of the material.

• These properties are expressed as functions of stress-strain, etc.

• A sound knowledge of the mechanical properties of materials delivers the

basis for indicating the behavior of materials under different load states and
designing the components out of them.

STRESS AND STRAIN

• Experience shows that any material subjected to a load may either deform,
yield or break, relying upon the

• The Magnitude of load

• Nature of the material

• Cross-sectional dime.

• The sum total of all the elementary interatomic forces or internal resistances
which the material is called upon to exert to counteract the applied load is
called stress.
• Mathematically, the stress is expressed as force separated by cross-sectional
area.

• Strain is the dimensional response given by material against mechanical

loading/Deformation made per unit length.

• Mathematically Strain is a change in length divided by the original length.

STRENGTH
• The strength of a material is its ability to withstand destruction under the
action of external loads.

• It determines the ability of a material to withstand stress without failure.

• The maximum stress that any material will withstand before destruction is
called ultimate strength.

ELASTICITY:
• The property of a material by virtue of which deformation generated by
applied load disappears upon removal of load.

• Elasticity of a material is the power of coming back to its original position

after deformation when the stress or load is removed.
PLASTICITY:
• The plasticity of a material is its capacity to undergo some degree of
permanent deformation without rupture or failure.

• Plastic deformation will take only after the elastic limit is exceeded.

• It grows with an increase in temperature.

STIFFNESS:
• The resistance of a material to elastic deformation or deflection is called
stiffness or rigidity.

• A material that suffers slight deformation under load has a high degree of
stiffness or rigidity.

• E.g. Steel beam is stiffer or more rigid than an aluminum beam.

DUCTILITY:
• It is the property of a material that enables it to pull out into thin wires.

• E.g., Mild steel is a ductile material.

• The percent elongation and the reduction in area in tension are often used as
empirical measures of ductility.

Malleability:
• Malleability of a material is its capacity to be flattened into thin sheets
without cracking by hot or cold working

• E.g Lead can be readily rolled and hammered into thin sheets but can be
drawn into wire.

RESILIENCE:
• It is the ability of a material to absorb energy elastically.
• The maximum energy which can be stored in a body up to the elastic limit is
called the proof resilience, and the proof resilience per unit volume is called the
modulus of resilience.

• The amount gives the capacity of the material to bear shocks and vibrations.

HARDNESS:
• Hardness is a fundamental property that is near related to strength.

• Hardness is usually defined in terms of the ability of a material to resist to

scratching, abrasion, cutting, indentation, or penetration.

• Techniques used for determining hardness: Brinel, Rockwell, Vickers.

BRITTLENESS:
• It is the property of breaking without extensively permanent distortion.

• Non-Ductile material is considered to be brittle material.

• E.g, Glass, Cast iron, etc.

CREEP:
• The slow and progressive deformation of a material with time at constant
stress is called creep.

• Depending on the temperature, stresses even below the elastic limit can cause
some permanent deformation.

• It is most generally defined as time-dependent strain occurring under stress.

FATIGUE:
• This phenomenon leads to fracture under repeated or fluctuating stress.

• Fatigue fractures are progressive beginning as minute cracks and growing

under the action of fluctuating stress.
• Many components of high-speed aero and turbine engines are of this type

2.0 Actual Resources Use

Name of
Sr. resource
no. material Specifications Quantity

1 computer Windows 11 1

2 Internet Youtube / Wikipedia

3 textbook/manual MOS Mechanics Of Structures 1

3.0 Outputs of the Micro-Project

In this project, we successfully get information about the mechanical properties

of materials

4.0 Skill Developed / Learning outcomes of this Micro-Project

1. Increase knowledge about mechanical properties of materials).

2. Experience teamwork

3. Increase communication skill

4. Know about the mechanical properties of materials

Conclusion

The mechanical properties of a material are those properties that

implicate a reaction to an applied load. The mechanical properties of
metals specify the range of effectiveness of the material and establish the
service life that can be expected. Mechanical properties are also utilized to help
classify and identify material.
 INDEX

Sr.No. Topics
1 INTRODUCTION
2 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
3 STRESS AND STRAIN
4 STRENGTH
5 ELASTICITY
6 PLASTICITY
7 STIFFNESS
8 DUCTILITY
9 Malleability
10 RESILIENCE
11 HARDNESS
12 BRITTLENESS
13 CREEP
14 FATIGUE
15 Actual Resources Use
16 Outputs of the Micro-Project
17 Skill Developed / Learning outcomes of this
Micro-Project
18 Conclusion