ESIOT MINI PROJECT
SY- CSE CORE
Panel – F
Topic: Weather Monitoring System
Student Details:
Name Of Student Roll Number PRN
Kush Fadia PF-01 1032220158
Aaditya Mehta PF-03 1032220263
Ayush Patil PF-04 1032220274
Khushi Mittal PF-33 1032221063
Overview
A weather monitoring station is a specialized facility with a variety of sensors for observing
and documenting different air conditions. Temperature, pressure, humidity, wind speed, and
other pertinent factors are frequently included in these circumstances. Such a station's main
objective is to collect precise data on various atmospheric components for the analysis of the
current weather, the prediction of future weather patterns, and the research of long-term
climate trends.
Our goal for this tiny project is to create a weather monitoring system that is suited for small-
scale use. The five main parameters our system uses to gather and evaluate data are as
follows:
• Temperature: Tracking the outside temperature gives information about how hot or
cold it is, which is important for comprehending seasonal patterns and daily climate
variances.
• Humidity: The amount of moisture in the air is referred to as humidity. It is critical to
monitor humidity levels because they affect human comfort and health and can have
an impact on a variety of weather phenomena, such as precipitation or fog
development.
• Pressure: The force that the weight of the air above exerts is known as atmospheric
pressure, sometimes known as barometric pressure. With rising or lowering
temperatures, it has a major impact on weather patterns and shifts.
• Altitude from Sea Level: Tracking altitude gives important information about the
station's elevation. The information can have an impact on atmospheric pressure and
temperature measurements because of the reduction in air density with altitude.
• UV Index: The UV (Ultraviolet) Index calculates the amount of solar UV radiation
that reaches the surface of the Earth. Understanding possible dangers associated with
sun exposure and developing recommendations for sun protection depend on
monitoring UV levels.
Our objective is to develop a dependable and all-encompassing instrument for gathering
current weather information by incorporating these five factors into our weather monitoring
system. Applications for this data include environmental monitoring, agricultural planning,
and disaster preparedness support through accurate weather forecasts and notifications. We
will investigate the architecture, implementation, and operation of our weather monitoring
system through this little project, providing a practical means of comprehending IoT (Internet
of Things) applications in weather monitoring.
Survey
Given its large land area and dense population, India is often the target of different natural
calamities. These catastrophes frequently cause a large number of fatalities as well as
substantial property and infrastructure damage. In light of this, weather monitoring stations
play a critical role in the early identification, forecasting, and mitigation of these catastrophic
catastrophes.
Weather Monitoring Stations: Their Significance
By providing vital information that can aid in the forecasting of severe weather occurrences
like cyclones, torrential rainfall, or heatwaves, weather monitoring stations can act as early
warning systems. Authorities are able to take prompt preventive action by identifying
patterns and precursors to these disasters through the analysis of historical meteorological
data.
For example, the beginning of a cyclone is frequently accompanied by a sharp decrease in air
pressure. It is feasible to forecast and get ready for cyclonic circumstances long in advance by
keeping a close eye on this characteristic. By facilitating prompt evacuations, resource
mobilization, and safety measure implementation, these early warning systems can reduce the
number of fatalities and property damage.
Problems with the Current Weather Monitoring Systems
Although the current weather monitoring stations are efficient, they have certain drawbacks.
These stations are less accessible since they are frequently costly to put up and maintain,
particularly in rural or underdeveloped areas. Due to the high expense of these stations, their
widespread deployment is restricted, making many locations susceptible to weather-related
tragedies.
Problems with the Current Weather Monitoring Systems
Although the current weather monitoring stations are efficient, they have certain drawbacks.
These stations are less accessible since they are frequently costly to put up and maintain,
particularly in rural or underdeveloped areas. Due to the high expense of these stations, their
widespread deployment is restricted, making many locations susceptible to weather-related
tragedies.
Our Mini Project's Potential
A standard weather monitoring station cannot be deployed on a large scale due to the
limitations of this little operation. Nonetheless, the initiative provides an invaluable learning
experience to investigate creative and economical alternatives that might be expanded for
wider use.
By utilizing IoT technology, our weather monitoring system seeks to overcome certain
shortcomings of traditional weather stations. Our goal is to develop a system that is not only
affordable but also easily deployable in a variety of environments, such as underserved and
distant places, by utilizing inexpensive sensors.
In conclusion, even if natural disasters in India present enormous obstacles, there is no way to
overestimate the potential advantages of efficient weather monitoring. Communities may
become more resilient to weather-related calamities by making investments in cutting-edge
systems like our Weather Monitoring System. We can create the conditions for a future that is
more robust to disasters and more sustainable via ongoing learning and adaptation.
Problem Statement:
To collect data of different factors affecting the weather and organize it.
Hardware Components Used:
Hardware Components
Our Weather Monitoring System incorporates three main hardware components to capture
and measure different weather parameters:
1. DHT22 Sensor (Digital Humidity and Temperature Sensor)
• Description:
• Function: Measures humidity and temperature.
• Communication: Single-wire digital interface.
• Features: Bidirectional communication with the microcontroller.
2. CJMCU-GUVA-S12SD Sensor (UV Index Sensor)
• Description:
• Function: Measures ultraviolet (UV) radiation intensity.
• Output: Analog voltage proportional to UV intensity.
• Application: Predicting cloud cover and enhancing weather data analysis.
3.1 BMP280 Sensor
• Description:
• Function: Measures atmospheric pressure, temperature, and altitude from sea level.
• Manufacturer: Bosch Sensortec.
• Accuracy: High-accuracy readings suitable for weather monitoring.
These hardware components are integral to our Weather Monitoring System, each serving a
specific role in collecting essential weather data. The DHT22 sensor captures humidity and
temperature readings, the CJMCU-GUVA-S12SD sensor measures UV radiation intensity,
and the BMP280 sensor provides data on atmospheric pressure, temperature, and altitude
from sea level. Together, these components enable us to gather comprehensive and accurate
information about various weather conditions.
Circuit Diagram:
Program Code:
#include <Wire.h>
#include <Adafruit_Sensor.h>
#include <Adafruit_BMP280.h>
#include <DHT.h>
#define DHTPIN 2 // DHT22 data pin
#define DHTTYPE DHT22 // DHT22 type
#define SEALEVELPRESSURE_HPA (1013.25)
DHT dht(DHTPIN, DHTTYPE);
Adafruit_BMP280 bmp;
const int uvSensorPin = A0;
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
Serial.println("Hello");
// Initialize DHT sensor
dht.begin();
// Initialize BMP280 sensor
if (!bmp.begin()) {
Serial.println(F("Could not find a valid BMP280 sensor, check wiring!"));
while (1);
}
void loop() {
// Read temperature and humidity from DHT sensor
float temperature = dht.readTemperature();
float humidity = dht.readHumidity();
// Read pressure from BMP280 sensor
float pressure = bmp.readPressure() / 100.0; // Convert Pa to hPa
// Calculate altitude
float altitude = bmp.readAltitude(SEALEVELPRESSURE_HPA);
// Read UV intensity from CJMCU-GUVA-S12SD sensor
int uvLevel = analogRead(uvSensorPin);
// Print sensor values to the serial monitor
Serial.print("Temperature:");
Serial.print(temperature);
Serial.print(", ");
Serial.print("Humidity:");
Serial.print(humidity);
Serial.print(", ");
Serial.print("Pressure:");
Serial.print(pressure);
Serial.print("hPa, ");
Serial.print("Altitude:");
Serial.print(altitude);
Serial.print("m, ");
Serial.print("UV Level:");
Serial.println(uvLevel);
// Wait for a moment before taking the next reading
delay(1000);
}
Screen Shots:
Conclusion:
Ensuring the scalability and accessibility of our weather monitoring model is paramount for
optimizing operations across various industries. Integrating essential components like an
Anemometer for Wind Speed and Direction and Soil Testing for assessing soil quality will
not only minimize potential damages but also enhance profitability. By leveraging these
advancements, we can effectively mitigate risks and maximize returns on investment. As we
continue to evolve our monitoring system, it's crucial to prioritize the integration of new
sensors and technologies that can provide comprehensive data for better decision-making and
operational efficiency. This proactive approach will not only meet the current needs but also
future-proof our system to adapt to changing environmental conditions and industry
requirements.
References:
BMP280 Sensor
Project Reference
CJMCU-GUVA-S12SD Sensor(UV Index Sensor)
DHT22 Sensor Info
Survey
