Quadratic Equations and Inequations 193

Now a  3 x  9  3 x  3 2  3 x  x  2
and 1  3 x  3 0  3 x  x  0 .
Hence roots are 0, 2.
10. (d) Given that x 2 / 3  7 x 1 / 3  10  0 . Given equation can
be written as (x 1 / 3 ) 2  7(x 1 / 3 )  10  0
Solution of quadratic equations,
Let a  x 1 / 3 , then it reduces to the equation
Nature of roots
a 2  7 a  10  0  (a  5 )(a  2)  0  a  5, 2
2 2
1. (a) Equation a(x  1)  (a  1)x  0
Putting these values, we have a 3  x  x  125 and 8.
2 2
 ax  (a  1)x  a  0
11. (c) x 2  y 2  25 and xy  12
1
 (ax  1)(x  a)  0  x  a, . 2
a  12 
 x 2     25  x 4  144  25 x 2  0
2. (b) Equation x 4  8 x 2  9  0  x 

 x 4  9 x 2  x 2  9  0  x 2 (x 2  9 )  1(x 2  9 )  0  (x 2  16 )(x 2  9 )  0  x 2  16 and x 2  9

 (x 2  1)(x 2  9 )  0  x  i,  3 .  x   4 and x  3 .
2
3. (c) We have ix 2  4 x  4 i  0 12. (a) x log x (1 x )  9
 x 2  4 ix  4  0  x 2  2ix  2ix  4  0  log x (9)  log x (1  x ) 2 ( a x  N  log a N  x )
 (x  2i)(x  2i)  0  x  2i,  2i .
1/3 2 1/3
 9  (1  x ) 2  1  x 2  2 x  9  0
2/3 1/3
4. (c) x x  2  0  (x )  1(x ) 2  0
1/3 2  x 2  2 x  8  0  (x  2)(x  4 )  0  x  2 ,4 .
Let a  x , then a  a  2  0  a  1,2
13. (a) If one root of a quadratic equation with rational
Hence x  1,8 (by a  x 1 / 3 ).
coefficients is irrational and of the form    , then
5. (b) x  2  2 2 / 3  2 1 / 3  x  2  2 2 / 3  2 1 / 3
the other root must also be irrational and of the form
Cubing both sides, we get   .
x 3  8  6 x   12 x  6  6(x  2)
14. (d) Given | x | 2 3 | x | 2  0
 x 3  6x 2  6x  2 .
1 Here we consider two cases viz . x  0 and x  0
6. (d) 8 sec 2   6 sec   1  0  sec  
2 Case I : x  0 This gives x 2  3 x  2  0
1  (x  2)(x  1)  0  x  2,1
or sec   , but sec   1 or sec   1 .
4
Also x  1,2 satisfy x  0, so x  1 , – 2 is solution
Hence the given equation has no solution.
in this case.
7. (d) Given equation is 3x  1  1  x Case II : x  0 . This gives x 2  3 x  2  0
 3x  1  x 1  (x  2)(x  1)  0  x  2,1 , so x  2 , 1 is solution
Squaring on both sides, we get 3 x  1  x  1  2 x in this case. Hence the number of solutions are four i.e.
x  1, 1, 2,  2
 2 x  2x  0 (irrational function)
Aliter : | x | 2 3 | x | 2  0
Thus x  0 and x  1 , since equation is non-quadratic
equation.  (| x | 1)(| x | 2)  0
8. (b) Let the required number is x  | x |  1 and | x |  2  x  1, x  2 .
So, x  x  12  x  12  x
15. (d) Given equation e sin x  e  sin x  4  0
2
 x  25 x  144  0 Let e sin x  y , then given equation can be written as
2
 x  16 x  9 x  144  0  x  16
y 2  4y  1  0  y  2  5
Since x  9 does not hold the condition.
Trick : By inspection, since 16 exceeds its positive But the value of y  e sin x is always positive, so
square root i.e.,4 by 12. y  2  5 ( 2  5 )
9. (b) Given equation is 3 2 x  10 . 3 x  9  0 can be written
 log e y  log e (2  5 )  sin x  log e (2  5 )  1
as (3 x ) 2  10 (3 x )  9  0
which is impossible, since sin x cannot be greater than
Let a  3 x , then it reduces to the equation 1. Hence we cannot find any real value of x which
a 2  10 a  9  0  (a  9)(a  1)  0  a  9,1 satisfies the given equation.
16. (b) Here two cases arise viz.
 194 Quadratic Equations and Inequations
Case I : x 2  4 x  3  0  3x 
(x  2) log 2    log 3  2 log 3
2
This gives x  4 x  3  2 x  5  0  x 1
 x 2  6 x  8  0  (x  2)(x  4 )  0  x  2,4  1 
 (x  2) log 2  log 3   0
 x 1 
x  2 is not satisfying the condition x 2  4 x  3  0 ,
so x  4 is the only solution of the given equation. 1 log 2
 x  2 or 
Case II : x 2  4 x  3  0 1  x log 3
This gives – (x 2  4 x  3)  2 x  5  0 log 3 log 3
 1 x  x 1
2 2 log 2 log 2
  x  2x  2  0  x  2x  2  0
25. (d) Given x 2  x  1  0
 (x  1  3 )(x  1  3 )  0
1 1 1
 x  [1  i 3 ]  (1  i 3 ), (1  i 3 )   ,  2
 x  1  3 , 1  3 2 2 2
Hence x  (1  3 ) satisfy the given condition But  19   19   and  7   14   2 .
x 2  4 x  3  0 , while x  1  3 is not satisfying Hence the equation will be same.
the condition. Thus number of real solutions are two. 26. (c) Here x  2 and 3 are the critical points.
17. (c) Given equation is ( p  q )x 2  (q  r)x  (r  p )  0 When x  2,| x  2 |  (x  2),| x  3 |  (x  3)
The given equation reduces to 2  x  3  x  7
(r  q)  (q  r) 2  4 (r  p)( p  q )
x   x  1  2
2( p  q)
 x  1 is a solution.
(r  q)  (q  r  2 p ) rp
 x  x  ,1 When 2  x  3, | x  2 |  x  2,| x  3 |  (x  3)
2( p  q ) pq
 The equation reduces to x  2  3  x  7  1=7
18. (c) Put x  4 in x 2  px  12  0 , we get p  7
 No solution in this case.
Now second equation x 2  px  q  0 have equal When x  3 , the equation reduces to
49 x 2x 3 7  x 6  3
roots. Therefore p 2  4 q  q 
4 Hence we get, x  6 or –1
19. (d) If x  1 , multiplying each term by (x  1) , the given Trick : By inspection, we have that both the values
equation reduces to x (x  1)  (x  1) or (x  1) 2  0 or x  6,1 satisfy the given equation.
x  1 , which is not possible as considering x  1 . 27. (d) Since quadratic equation ax 2  bx  c  0 has three
Thus given equation has no roots. distinct roots so it must be an identity.
1 1 So a  b  c  0 .
20. (d) x   2  x   2  0 ( x  0)
x x 28. (d) The equation (| x | 4 )(| x | 3)  0
2 2
 x  2 x  1  0  (x  1)  0  x  1,1 .  | x |  4  x  4  | x |  3  x  3 .
 12
log 5  log( x 2  1)
21. (a) According to condition   29. (d) We have 2
2 log( x  2)
  2  2  1  0    1,1 .  log{5(x 2  1)}  log( x  2) 2  5(x 2  1)  (x  2) 2
22. (c) 3 x 2  7 x  30  2 x 2  7 x  5  x  5 1
 4x2  4x 1  0  x  
2
3 x 2  7 x  30  (x  5 )  2 x 2  7 x  5
1
But for x   log( x  2) is not meaningful.
on squaring, 2x 2  7x  5  5 2
2 x 2  7 x  30  0  x  6 . Hence it has no root.

1 30. (a) We have x  7  4 3

23. (b) Let x  2 
1
2 1 1 74 3
2  .....    
x 74 3 7 4 3. 7 4 3
1
 x 2 (on simplification)
x
 74 3
 x 1 2
1
But the value of the given expression cannot be x  74 3  74 3
x
negative or less than 2, therefore 1  2 is required
answer.  ( 3  2)  (2  3 )  4 .
x 2 3 x /( x 1)
24. (d) 2 .3  9 Taking log, we get
 Quadratic Equations and Inequations 195
1 1 1 38. (d) x 2  5 | x |  4  0 | x | 2 5 | x |  4  0
31. (d) We have log 2 x   3   log 2 y 
log 2 x 3 log 2 y
 | x |  1,4 , which is not possible. Hence, the given
1 equation has no real root.
 log 2 x  3, log 2 y  ( x  y )
3
39. 
(a) log 4 log 2 ( x  8  x )  0 
 x  2 3 and y  2 1 / 3  x  y  8  2 1 / 3 .
2
 4 0  log 2  x8  x   21  x 8  x
32. (c) x  2  x  x  x  2  0
 (x  2)(x  1)  0  x  2,1  4  x  8  x  2 x 2  8x

But 2  2  .....  1 , so it is equal to 2.  2 x 2  8 x  2x  4  x 2  8 x  x 2  4  4 x

1 1  4x  4  x 1.
x x
33. (b) Equation, 4 x  3 2 3 2  2 2 x 1 40. (d) | x  2 |  x 2  x  2  x 2 or 2  x  x 2
1 1
x x
 2 2 x  2 2 x 1  3 2  3 2  x 2  x  2  0 or x 2  x  2  0  x 2  x  2  0
1
 1 x [ x 2  x  2  0 does not gives any real root]
 2 2 x  1    3 2 (1  3)
 2  (x  2)(x  1)  0  x  2, 1 .
1 3
3 x x 41. (b) log 4 (x  1)  log 2 (x  3)  x  1  (x  3) 2
 2 2x.   2 2 x 3 
3 2 .4 3 2
2
 x 2  7 x  10  0  (x  5 )(x  2)  0
Taking log both sides
 x  5, 2 but x  3  0 when x  2
 (2 x  3) log 2  (x  3 / 2) log 3
 only solution is x  5
3
 2 x log 2  3 log 2  x log 3  log 3  Hence number of solution is one.
2
42. (a) When x  2, (x  2) 2  (x  2)  6  0
3
 x log 4  x log 3  3 log 2  log 3  x 2  4x  4  x  2  6  0  x 2  5x  0
2
4
 x (x  5)  0  x  0
 x log   log 8  log 3 3
3 When x  2 ; (x  2) 2  (x  2)  6  0

4 8
x
4 4
x 3/2  x 2  4x  4  x  2  6  0
        
3
  3 3 3
  3  x 2  3x  4  0  x 2  4 x  x  4  0
3  (x  4 )(x  1)  0  x  4 .
x 
2 pqx qrx r px 4 x
43. (a) We have   =
Trick: Cheak the equation with options then only r p q pqr
option (b) satisfies the equation. p qr x p q r x p q r x
 
x x2 r p q
34. (a) e x  x 1 1   ......  x  1
1! 2! 4x
=4 
x2
x 3 pqr
   ......  0
2! 3!  1 1 1  pqrx
2 3 n
 ( p  q  r  x )      4  
x  0, x  0, ...... x  0 p q r  p q r 
Hence, x  0 only one real root. 1 1 1 4 
Trick : Check the equation with options then only  (p  q  r  x )     0
 p q r p  q  r 
option (a) satisfies the equation.
 x  pqr.
35. (a) Given (x  1)  (x  1)  (4 x  1)
44. (a) Given equation x 2  5 | x | 6  0
2
Squaring both sides, we get  2 (x  1)  2 x  1
i.e., x 2  5 x  6  0 and x 2  5 x  6  0
Squaring again, we get x  5 / 4 which does not satisfy x 2  3 x  2 x  6  0 and x 2  3 x  2 x  6  0
the given equation. Hence equation has no solution.
(x  3) (x  2)  0 and (x  3) . (x  2)  0
1
36. (b) log e x  log e (1  x )  0  log e (1  x )  log e   x  3, x  2 and x  3, x  2 .
x
i.e., Four solutions of this equation.
 x (x  1)  1  x 2  x  1  0
45. (c) Roots are equal, then B 2  4 AC  0
37. (c) x  6  x , x  0  x 2  6  x, x  0  4 a 2m 2  4 (m 2  1)(a 2  b 2 )
 x 2  x  6  0, x  0  x  3, x  0 .  a 2  b 2 (m 2  1)  0 .
 196 Quadratic Equations and Inequations
46. (b) Let all four roots are imaginary. Then roots of both 53. (d) ax 2  x  b  0 has real roots
equations P(x )  0 and Q(x )  0 are imaginary.
 (1) 2  4 ab  0  4 ab  1 or 4 ab  1 .....(i)
Thus b 2  4 ac  0 ; d 2  4 ac  0 , So b 2  d 2  0 , which
is impossible unless b  0, d  0 . Now second equation is x 2  4 ab x  1  0
So, if b  0 or d  0 at least two roots must be real. Therefore D  16 ab  4 , from (i) D  0
If b  0, d  0 , we have the equations. Hence roots are imaginary.
2
P(x )  ax  c  0 and Q(x )  ax  c  0 2 54. (b) If  is the coincident root, then

c 2 c c c  2  a  b  0 and  2  b   a  0
or x 2   ;x  as one of and  must be
a a a a 2  1
  
positive, so two roots must be real. a b2
2
ba ba
47. (c) Given equation
  2  (a  b );  1  (a  b)  1  (a  b )  1 .
(x  a)(x  b )  (x  b)(x  c)  (x  c)(x  a)  0
55. (d) For the given equation to be meaningful we must have
can be re-written as
x  0 . For x  0 the given equation can be written as
3 x 2  2(a  b  c)x  (ab  bc  ca)  0 3 5 1
 
  4 (a  b  c) 2  3(ab  bc  ca) ( b 2  4 ac  ) 4
(log 2 x ) 2  log 2 x   log x 2  log x 2
4 2
2 2 2
 4 (a  b  c  ab  bc  ac) 3 2 5 1 1
 t t   
 2 2
 2 (a  b )  (b  c)  (c  a)  0 2
 4 4 2t
Hence both roots are always real. 1
By putting t  log 2 x so that log x 2  because
48. (b) Let roots are  and  , then sum of the roots t
3(  2) 3 log 2 x log x 2  1 .
  ( )   0  (  2)    2
2 2  3 t 3  4 t 2  5 t  2  0  (t  1)(t  2)(3 t  1)  0
49. (b) Given equation is
1
( p 2  q 2 )x 2  2 q( p  r)x  (q 2  r 2 )  0  log 2 x  t  1,2,
3
Roots are real and equal, then
1 1
4 q 2 ( p  r) 2  4 ( p 2  q 2 )(q 2  r 2 )  0  x  2, 2 2 ,2 1 / 3 or x  2,
,
4 21 / 3
 q 2 ( p 2  r 2  2 pr )  ( p 2 q 2  p 2 r 2  q 4  q 2 r 2 )  0 Thus the given equation has exactly three real solutions
 q 2 p 2  q 2 r 2  2 pq 2 r  p 2 q 2  p 2 r 2  q 4  q 2 r 2  0 1
out of which exactly one is irrational namely 1 / 3 .
 2 pq 2 r  p 2 r 2  q 4  0  (q 2  pr ) 2  0 2
56. (b) The roots of the equations are given by
Hence q 2  pr . Thus p, q, r in G.P.
 b  b 2  4 ac
50. (c) We have 4 ax 2  3 bx  2c  0 Let roots are  and  x 
2a
Let D  B 2  4 AC  9 b 2  4 (4 a)(2 c)  9 b 2  32 ac
(i) Let b 2  4 ac  0, b  0
Given that , (a  b  c)  0  b  (a  c)
Now if a  0, c  0, b 2  4 ac  b 2
Putting this value, we get
 the roots are negative.
 9(a  c) 2  32 ac  9(a  c) 2  4 ac .
(ii) Let b 2  4 ac  0, then the roots are given by
Hence roots are real.
51. (d) Given equation  b  i (4 ac  b 2 )
x , (i   1 )
2(a 2  b 2 )x 2  2(a  b )x  1  0 2a
Let A  2(a 2  b 2 ), B  2(a  b ) and C  1 Which are imaginary and have negative real part
( b  0 )
B 2  4 AC  4 (a 2  b 2  2 ab)  4 . 2(a 2  b 2 ) 1
 In each case, the roots have negative real part.
 B 2  4 AC  4 (a  b ) 2  0
57. (d) Equation 2 x 2  kx  x  8  0 has equal and real
Thus given equation has imaginary roots. roots, then D  b 2  4 ac  0 .
52. (b) Equations px 2  2 qx  r  0 and  (1  k ) 2  4 .2 .8  0  k 2  1  2k  64  0
qx 2  2( pr )x  q  0 have real roots, then from first  k 2  2k  63  0  k  9,  7 .
2 2 2
4 q  4 pr  0  q  pr  0  q  pr .....(i) 58. (b) Let f (x )  2 x 2  3 x  1  0
2
and from second 4 ( pr )  4 q  0 (for real root ) 3 9 8 3 1
2  x  
 pr  q .....(ii) 4 4
From (i) and (ii), we get result q  pr . 2 1
Hence roots are  ,1 (Rational).
2
 Quadratic Equations and Inequations 197

59. (b) Given equation is (l  m )x 2  5(l  m )x  2(l  m )  0 66. (b) We have that, if roots of ax 2  bx  c  0 are  ,  ,
Its discriminant D  25 (l  m ) 2  8 (l  m ) 2 1 1
then the roots of cx 2  bx  a  0 will be , and
 
which is positive, since l, m , n are real and l  m .
1 1
Hence roots are real and distinct. hence roots of cx 2  bx  a  0 will be  , .
 
60. (c) Roots of x 2  8 x  (a 2  6 a)  0 are real. So D  0
67. (a) D  b 2  4 ac  (a  c) 2  4 ac ( a  b  c  0 )
 64  4 (a 2  6 a)  0  16  a 2  6 a  0 2 2
 (a  c)  4 ac  (a  c)  0
 a 2  6 a  16  0  (a  8 )(a  2)  0 Hence roots are rational.
Now we have two cases: 68. (a) Here (b  c  2 a)  (c  a  2b )  (a  b  2 c)  0
Case I : (a  8 )  0 and (a  2)  0 Therefore the roots are rational.
 a  8 and a  2 69. (d) x 2  2bx  c  (x  b ) 2  c  b 2
Case II : (a  8 )  0 and (a  2)  0  (x  b ) 2 is a perfect square, therefore the given
 a  8 and a  2 but it is impossible expression is positive if c  b 2  0 or b 2  c .
Therefore, we get 2  a  8
70. (d) Accordingly, p 2  144  p  12 .
Aliter : Students should note that the expression
(x  a)(x  b ){a  b} will be less than or equal to zero if 71. (a) According to question,
x  [a, b ] or otherwise x  [a, b ] . 4 (a 2  bc ) 2  4 (c 2  ab)(b 2  ac)  0
Therefore (a  8 )(a  2)  0  a(a 3  b 3  c 3  3 abc )  0
i.e., {a  (2)}(a  8 )  0  a  [2, 8 ] .  a  0 or a 3  b 3  c 3  3 abc
72. (a) Let D1 and D 2 be discriminants of x 2  b 1 x  c 1  0
61. (c) Let f (x )  x 2  2 3 x  3  0
and x 2  b 2 x  c 2  0 respectively. Then
 2 3  12  12
Then x  or x   3 . D1  D 2  b 12  4 c 1  b 22  4 c 2  (b 12  b 22 )  4 (c 1  c 2 )
2
Thus roots are irrational and equal. b12  b 22  2b1b 2 , (  b1b 2  2(c1  c 2 ) )
2
62. (c) Given equation (cos p  1)x  (cos p )x  sin p  0 2
= (b 1  b 2 )  0
Its discriminant D  0 since roots are real
 D1  0 or D 2  0 or D1 and D 2 both are positive.
 cos 2 p  4 (cos p  1) sin p  0
73. (c) The quadratic is (k  11)x 2  (k  3)x  1  0
 cos 2 p  4 cos p sin p  4 sin p  0
Accordingly, (k  3) 2  4 (k  11)(1)  0  k  7,5 .
 (cos p  2 sin p ) 2  4 sin 2 p  4 sin p  0
74. (b) Let f (x )  ax 2  bx  c . Then f (0 )  c . Thus the graph
 (cos p  2 sin p ) 2  4 sin p(1  sin p )  0 …..(i) of y  f (x ) meets y-axis at (0, c).
Now (1  sin p )  0 for all real p, sin p  0 for If c  0 , then by hypothesis f (x )  0 This means that
0  p   . Therefore 4 sin p(1  sin p)  0 when the curve y  f (x ) does not meet x-axis.
0  p   or p  (0,  ) If c  0 , then by hypothesis f (x )  0 , which means that
63. (c) Given expression x 2  2 x  2 xy  my  3 can be the curve y  f (x ) is always below x-axis and so it does
written as x 2  2 x (1  y )  (my  3) not intersect with x-axis. Thus in both cases y  f (x )
does not intersect with x-axis i.e. f (x )  0 for any real x.
But factors are rational, so B 2  4 AC is a perfect
square. Hence f (x )  0 i.e. ax 2  bx  c  0 has imaginary
 2

Now 4 (1  y )  (my  3)  0 roots and so b 2  4 ac .

 4 y  1  2 y  my  3  0 
2 75. (b) Obviously, roots will be equal in magnitude but
y 2  2 y  my  4  0
opposite in sign if coefficient of x  0 .
Hence 2 y  my  4 y {as it is perfect square}
But the equation is x 2  2mx  m 2  ab  0
 2 y  my  4 y  m  2 . Hence the result.
Now taking (–) sign, we get m  6 . 76. (d) Accordingly, {2(ac  bd )} 2  4 (a 2  b 2 )(c 2  d 2 )
2
64. (a) Given equation 2 ax  (2 a  b )x  b  0 , (a  0 )
 4 a 2 c 2  4 b 2 d 2  8 abcd  4 a 2 c 2  4 a 2 d 2
2
Now its discriminant D  B  4 AC  4b 2 c 2  4b 2 d 2
2 2
 (2a  b )  4 .2 ab  (2a  b)  4 a 2 d 2  4 b 2 c 2  8 abcd  0  4(ad  bc)2  0
Hence D is a perfect square, so given equation has
a c
rational roots.  ad  bc   .
b d
65. (b) B 2  4 AC  0  0  4 ab  0  ab  0 .
 198 Quadratic Equations and Inequations
77. (b) On checking, the condition is satisfied for k  2 . 88. (d) Let for real roots are  ,  ,  ,  then equation is
78. (b) Since the roots x 2  8 x  a 2  6 a  0 are real. (x   ) (x   )(x   ) (x   )  0
2 2
 64  4 (a  6 a)  0 or a  6 a  16  0 x 4  (       )x 3  (    
 a  [2,8 ]       )x 2  (  
79. (c) For real roots, discriminant  0
   )x    0
 q2  4 p  0  q2  4 p
x    . x    . x    . x    0
4 3 2

For p  1, q 2  4  q  2,3,4
on comparing with x 4  4 x 3  ax 2  bx  1  0
2
p  2, q  8  q  3,4    4 ,    a
p  3, q 2  12  q  4    b,   1
2
p  4 , q  16  q  4 For real roots, A.M. of roots  G.M. of roots
1
Total seven solutions are possible. (  )  ( )1 / 4 ;    4
4
80. (c) For the equation to be real roots, b 2  4 ac  0
1 1
 (3 k  1) 2  4 (2k 2  2k  11)     4  1
4 4
 9 k 2  1  6 k  8 k 2  8 k  44 ( )1 / 4  1    1
2
 k  14 k  45  0  (k  5 )(k  9 ) = 0   4 and   1
k  5 or k  9 .       =1
81. (c) From options put k  3  x 2  8 x  7  0 Now,    a
 (x  1)(x  7 )  0  x  1,  7  a            
means for k = 3 roots are negative.  11  11  11  11  11  11 = 6
82. (b) Given equation is x 2  2kx  4  0 b        
Put k  3 , x 2  6 x  4  0  x  3  5 , 3  5  111  111  111  111
2
Put k = 3, x  6 x  4  0  x  3  5 ,  3  5  (1)3  (1) 3  (1) 3  (1) 3  1  1  1  1  4
b  4 ;  a  6 and b  4 .
i.e., Roots are real and unequal.
83. (b) Roots are equal so b 2  4 ac  0
Relation between roots and coefficient
 (n  l) 2  4 (m  n)(l  m )  0
 n 2  l 2  2nl  4 (ml  nl  m 2  mn )  0 1
1. (b) Let first root   and second root =

 n 2  l 2  2nl  4 ml  4 nl  4 m 2  4 mn  0
k 1
 l 2  n 2  (2m ) 2  2nl  4 mn  4 ml  0 Then  .  k 5.
 5
 (l  n  2m ) 2  0  l  n  2m 2. (a) Given equation 4 x 2  3 x  7  0 , therefore
 l, m, n are in A.P. 3 7
84. (d) Roots are non real if discriminant < 0   and  
4 4
25
i.e. if 5 2  4 . 1 k  0 i.e. if 4 k  25 i.e. if k  1 1  3 / 4 3 4 3
4 Now       .
   7/4 4 7 7
Hence, the required least integer k is 7.
3. (b) It is given that
85. (c) Roots of equation 4 x 2  6 px  1  0 are equal
3a  4
 B 2  4 AC  0   2   2  3 a  4  2a  2  a  2
a 1
 (6 p ) 2  4 .4 .1  36 p 2  16  p  2 / 3 . 2a  3
Also     
86. (a) Given equation (1  2k )x 2  (1  2k )x  (1  2k )  0 a 1
If equation is a perfect square then root are equal Putting this value of a, we get sum of roots
i.e., (1  2k )2  4 (1  2k ) (1  2k )  0 2a  3 4  3
   1 .
1 3 a 1  2 1
i.e., k  , . Hence total number of values = 2.
2 10 4. (c)  ,  are roots of ax 2  bx  c  0
87. (a) Given sin 2 B  sin A cos A b c
   and  
 cos 2 B  1  sin 2 A  0 a a
Now for x 2  2 x cot B  1  0 Let the roots of cx 2  bx  a  0 be  ,   , then
Consider D  4 (cot 2 B  1)  4 cos 2 B cosec 2 B  0 b a
      and    
c c
Hence, roots are always real.
 Quadratic Equations and Inequations 199
   b / a b 1 1 2 2
but          9. (d) Under condition,  3  
 c/a c    3
1 1 10. (b)     6 …..(i)
Hence    and    .
     …..(ii)
b c and given 3  2   20 …..(iii)
5. (a) Here      and  
a a Solving (i) and (iii), we get   2,   8
1 1 Substituting these values in (ii), we get   16 .
If roots are   ,   , then sum of roots are
  3
11. (a)     and   2
 1  1  b 2
           (   )   (a  c) 9 7
     ac  2   2  (   ) 2  2   4  
4 4
 1  1
and product         Hence required equation x 2  ( 2   2 )x   2  2  0
   
7
c a 1  x2  x  4  0  4 x 2  7 x  16  0
   1  1  2  4
 a c
12. (c) Given equation x 2  a(x  1)  b  0
2 2 2
2 ac  c  a (a  c)
   x 2  ax  a  b  0      a,   (a  b)
ac ac
Now (  1)(  1)        1
Hence required equation is given by
= (a  b)  a  1  1  b
b (a  c)2
x2  (a  c)x  0 2
ac ac 2(m  1)
13. (d)      m2 1 .....(i)
 acx 2  (a  c)bx  (a  c)2  0 . 2

Trick : Let a  1 , b  3, c  2 , then   1,   2 m4  m2 1

and   .....(ii)
31 1 2
    and    3
 2  Therefore  2   2  (   ) 2  2
Therefore, required equation must be (m 4  m 2  1)
 (m 2  1) 2  2
(x  3)(2 x  3)  0 i.e. 2 x 2  9 x  9  0 2
Here (a) gives this equation on putting  m 4  2m 2  1  m 4  m 2  1  m 2
a  1, b  3, c  2 . 14. (b) Let p  , q  be the roots of the given equation
1 ax 2  bx  c  0 .
6. (a) Let  be a root of first equation, then be a root of
 b c
Then p   q    and p  .q  
second equation. a a
1 1 b
Therefore a 2  b   c  0 and a'  b  c  0 From first relation,   
 2
 a( p  q )
or c 2  b   a  0 Substituting this value of  in second relation, we get
 2
 1 b2 c
Hence    pq   b 2 pq  ac( p  q ) 2  0
b a   b c cc   aa  ab   b c  2
a (p  q) 2
a
(cc 'aa' ) 2  (ba'cb ' )(ab 'bc ' ) . Note : Students should remember this question as a
a2  b 2 fact.
7. (b) Sum of roots     (a  b ) and   b c
2 15. (d)      ,  
a a
 (   ) 2  (a  b ) 2 and (   ) 2   2   2  2
(b 2  2 ac)
= 2 ab  (a 2  b 2 )  (a  b ) 2 and 2  2 
a2
Now the required equation whose roots are
   (a  b )   (a  b )
(   ) 2 and (   ) 2 Now  
a  b a  b (a  b )(a  b )
x 2  {(   )2  (   )2 } x  (   )2 (   )2  0
 x 2  {(a  b )2  (a  b )2 } x  (a  b )2 (a  b )2  0 (b 2  2 ac)
 b
a  b  
2
 x  4 abx  (a  b )  0 2 2 2 a(   )  b(   )
2 2
a2  a
 
a 2  ab(   )  b 2 c 2  b 2
8. (a) Since 2  i 3 is a root, therefore 2  i 3 will be other  a  ab     b
a
   a 
root. Now sum of the roots  4   p and product of
roots  7  q . Hence ( p, q )  (4 ,7) . b 2  ac  b 2  2ac 2
   .
a c  ab 2  ab 2
2
a2c a
 200 Quadratic Equations and Inequations
16. (c) Let  and  be two roots of ax 2  bx  c  0 23. (c) As given,     a  b ,   ab  c or ab    c .
b c Then the required equation is x 2  x (   )    c  0
Then      and  
a a  x 2  x (a  b )  ab  0 , whose roots are a, b.
2
b c 24. (c) As given, if  ,  are the roots, then     p and
  2   2  (   ) 2  2  2
2
a a   8
So under condition     a 2   2  (   ) 2  (   ) 2  4
b b 2  2ac  p 2  2 2  4 (8 )  p 2  36  p  6
    b(a  b )  2ac .
a a2
25. (c) As given, if  ,  be the roots of the quadratic equation,
 
17. (a) Given equation   1 can be written as 1 1 (   ) 2  2
x  x then      
2 2  2 2
 x 2  2(   )x  3  0
b (b 2 / a 2 )  (2c / a) b 2  2 ac
Let roots are   and      
a (c 2 / a 2 ) c2
   ( )  2(   )  0  2(   )      0 .
2 a b 2 b (ab 2  bc 2 )
18. (b)  ,  be the roots of x 2  2 x  3  0 , then     2   2  
c c a ac 2
and   3 . Now required equation whose roots are
2a b c
1 1  1 1  1  2 a 2 c  ab 2  bc 2   
, is x 2   2  2  x  2 2  0 b c a
 2
 2     
  c a b a b c
 , , are in A.P.  , , are in H.P.
 2 1 a b c c a b
 x 2    x   0  9 x 2  2 x  1  0 .
 9 9 26. (c) Given equation is ax 2  2bx  c  0 .
19. (a) As given,      p,   1,     q and   1 2b c
So      and  
Now, (   )(   )(   )(   ) a a

= {   (   )   2 }{   (   )   2 }          2b / a 2b
Now         .
= (1  p    )(1  p    )  ( p   q  )( p   q  )
2 2       c / a ac

(Since  is a root of x 2  qx  1  0 ) 27. (a) Let   7  5 i , then its conjugate   7  5 i , so

required equation is given by x 2  (   )x    0
  2  q   1  0   2  1  q  and similarly
  1  q    ( p  q)( p  q )  q  p 2 .
2 2  x 2  (14 )x  (49  25 )  0  x 2  14 x  74  0

20. (a) As given, 28. (b) Given equation can be written as

    p,   q,       p ,     q ' x 2  x ( p  q  2r)  pq  pr  qr  0 .....(i)
whose roots are  and  , then the product of roots
Now, (   ' )2  (   ' )2  (   )2  (   )2
  2  pq  pr  qr  pq  r( p  q ) .....(ii)
 2( 2   2 )  2( ' 2   ' 2 )  2 ' (   )  2  ' (a   )

 2 (   ) 2  2  (    ) 2  2 '  '(   )(a    ' )  and sum 0  p  q  2r  r 
pq
2
.....(iii)


 2 p  2 q  p   2q   p p  .
2 2
 From (ii) and (iii), we get
21. (a) Let  ,  2 be the two roots. Then   2  pq 
pq
2
1

( p  q )   ( p  q ) 2  2 pq
2

b c
    2
.....(i) and  . 2  .....(ii)
a a (P 2  q 2 )
 .
On cubing both sides of (i) 2
b3 29. (a) Given equation is ax 2  bx  c  0 and whose roots are
 3   6  3 2 (   2 )   3 1
a  and , then the product of roots is
2 3 
c c c  b b
   3     3 [By (i) and (ii)] 1 c
a a2 a  a c .   c  a ac  0
 a
 b 3  ac 2  a 2 c  3 abc .
30. (b) Given that first root is 2  3 , so other root will be
22. (a) If  ,  are the roots, then
2  3 . Now the sum of roots is 2  3  2  3  4

A      2 A and G      G 2
and the product of roots (2  3 )(2  3 )  4  3  1
2
The required equation is t 2  2 At  G 2  0 . Hence required equation is x 2  4 x  1  0 .
 Quadratic Equations and Inequations 201

31. (b)  ,  are the roots of Ax 2  Bx  C  0 . 39. (d) Let roots are  and 
B C     2 and  3   3  98
So,      and  
A A   3   3  (   )( 2     2 )
Again  ,  2 2 2
are the roots of x  px  q  0 then  
 98  2 (   ) 2  3  49  (4  3 )
     p and
2 2
( )  q
2
   15

Now  2   2  (   ) 2  2 Thus equation is x 2  2 x  15  0 .

b c
 B C
2 40. (a)      and  
  2   2     2 a a
 A A
Now  2   2      (   )  
2 2
B  2 AC 2 AC  B c   b  c(a  b )
 p p   (1     ) 
A 2
A2 1     
a   a  a2
1 1
32. (a) Let   and   41. (c) According to condition
2 5 2 5 2m  1 1
 1  3 m  1  m 
Sum of roots     4 and product of roots   1 m 3
Thus required equation is x 2  4 x  1  0 42. (a) f (x )  x 2  ax  b  0  p  q  a and pq  b
33. (c) Given that  and  be the roots of x 2  x  1  0 , so Now required equation whose roots are p 2 q and pq 2
    1 and   1
Therefore sum of roots  p 2 q  pq 2  pq ( p  q )  ab
 
Again and are the roots of x 2  px  q  0, and product of roots = pq 2 .qp 2  ( pq ) 3  b 3
 
Thus equation is x 2  abx  b 3  0 .
  2  2 43. (a) The required equation is
so   p   p 
    1 1  1 1
x 2    x  3  2  3  2  0
(   )  2 2
12  3  2 3  2 
 p   p 1
 1
6 1
 x 2   x   0  7 x 2  6 x  1  0
34. (c) Sum of root     a and product of roots   b 7
  7
So,  3   3  (   )( 2     2 ) 44. (b)  3   3  (   ) 3  3 (   )
= (   )[(   )  3 ]  a(a  3 b )  a  3 ab
2 2 3
 (4 )3  3  1(4 )  52
35. (c) Let  ,  are roots of x  px  q  0 2 45. (b) It is obviously 24.
So      p and   q 46. (b) Since  ,  are the roots of the equation

p 2 x 2  35 x  2  0 . Also   1
Given that (   )  3(   )   p     
3 2
 2 2  35  2 or 2  35 
Now (   )  (   )  4 2 2 
2
p2 2   35   2 or 2   35 
2
  p 2  4 q or 2 p 2  9 q . 
9
3 3
36. (a) Let roots are  and  , then     2m    m 2 2
Now (2  35 ) 3 (2   35 ) 3     
     
and  .  m 2  2m  6  m 2  m 2  2m  6
 m  3. 8 .8 64
   64
1  
3 3
1
37. (b) Let roots are  and ,than
 47. (c) Give equation x 2  x  1  0
1 k2 k2     2  1 .....(i) and  3  1 .....(ii)
.  1 k 1
 2k  1 2k  1 Now the equation whose roots are  31 and  62
b b   31   62   31 (1   31 )
38. (b) l  2l   l .....(i)
a 3a
  31   62   30 . (1   30 . )
c c
and l. 2l   l 2    31   62  ( 3 )10 . {1  ( 3 )10 . }
a 2a
 b  c b2
2
c   31   62   (1   )
      or 2b 2  9 ac
 3a  2a 9a 2 2a   31   62  1 [from (i)]
Aliter : Obviously ratio of roots is 1 : 2, so applying Again  31
. 62
 93
 31
. 62
 [ 3 ]31  1
mnb 2  (m  n) 2 ac  2b 2  9 ac .
 202 Quadratic Equations and Inequations
Required equation is x 2  ( 31   62 )x   31 . 62  0 53. (c) Since b, c  0 .

 x2  x 1  0 . Therefore     b  0 and   c  0
Since product of the roots is – ve therefore roots must
1  i 3
Trick:    be of opposite sign.
2
54. (b) The equation is x 2  ( p  1)x  pq  0
1  i 3
2  2 As roots are p, q , therefore p  q  p  1  q  1 .
2
55. (c) (   ) 2  (   ) 2  4  (b 2  4 ac) / a 2 ......(i)
  31   31   and  62   62   2
Also (  k )  (  k )
2
 Equation is x 2  x  1  0 .
48. (b) According to the given conditions, p and q are the roots = {(  k )  (  k )}2  4 (  k )(  k )
of equation 3 x 2  5 x  2  0 .
= ( B / A) 2  4 (C / A)  (B 2  4 AC ) / A 2 .....(ii)
2
Therefore p.q   . From (i) and (ii), (b 2  4 ac) / a 2  (B 2  4 AC ) / A 2
3
2
49. (c)      b and   c b 2  4 AC  A
 2
 
Now b  c  [(   )   ], bc  (   )( ) b  4 ac a

Hence required equation is 56. (a) Obviously p  q   p and pq  q  p  1

x 2  [(   )   ]x   (   )  0 . and q  2 .

50. (b)     b / a,   c / a 57. (a) Let  be the other root, then product of the roots
(2  i)
 .(2  i)     i .
(1     2 )(1     2 ) i
 1  (   )  ( 2   2 )     (   )   2  2 1 k
58. (a)  .  or k  5 .
 5
 1  (   )  (   )2     (   )  ( )2
1 1  7
59. (b)     7,   6 . So   
b b 2 c  c   b  c2    6
 1   2        2
a a a a  a a
60. (b) Here  2   2  4 ,  3   3  16
2 2 2 2
 (a  b  c  ab  bc  ca) / a
 ( 2   2 )( 3   3 )   5   5   2  2 (   )
 [(a  b 2 )  (b  c) 2  (c  a) 2 ] / 2 a 2 which is positive.  (4 )(16 )   5   5  (16 )(2)   5   5  32
Trick : It is almost clear that for every different values 61. (a) From the given equations, we find that q and r are roots
of a,b,c the function is zero, positive or negative.
of the equation a( p  x ) 2  2bpx  c  0
Therefore let a  1, b  0, c  4 so that
  2,   2 . Obviously the expression has positive or ax 2  2 x (a  b )p  ap 2  c  0 .
value. ap 2  c c
Now product of the roots is qr   p2  .
 1  b  1 c a a
51. (a) Here    and 
  1 a  1 a 62. (d) One of the roots of the given equation is x  1 , as the
ca 2  1 2
b sum of the coefficient is zero.
  and  b c
ca  (  1) a 63. (d) We have     and  
a a
Substituting  , we get (a  b  c) 2  b 2  4 ac .
b
Now sum of the roots  2    2    4 
Note : Students should remember this fact. a
52. (b) If the roots of equation ax 2  2bx  c  0 are in the and product of the roots  (2   )(2   )
ratio m : n, Then we have
c 2b 4 a  c  2b
4  
mn (2b ) 2  (m  n) 2 ac .....(i) a a a
Also if the roots of the equation px 2  2 qx  r  0 are Hence the required equation is
also in the same ratio m : n , then  b  4 a  c  2b
x 2  x 4    0
2
mn (2 q )  (m  n) pr 2
.....(ii)  a a

b2 or ax 2  x (4 a  b )  4 a  c  2b  0
(ac) b2 q2
Dividing (i) and (ii), we get  or  .
q2 ( pr ) ac pr or ax 2  x (b  4 a)  4 a  2b  c  0 .
 Quadratic Equations and Inequations 203

64. (c) Let  ,  be the roots of x 2  bx  c  0 and  ' ,  ' be 82 5 2(4  5 )
2
and x 1 x 2    2(x 1  x 2 )
the roots of x  qx  r  0 . 5 2 5 2
Then     b,   c,  '  '  q,  '  '  r 2x1 x 2 2x1 x 2
Harmonic mean   4.
 '     '  ' x1  x 2 x1 x 2 / 2
It is given that   
 '     '  '
72. (a) Let the roots are  and   1 ,
(   ) 2 ( '  ' ) 2 b2 q2 then, sum of roots  2  1  b
   
(   ) 2 ( '  ' ) 2 b 2  4c q 2  4r product of roots   (  1)  c
 b 2r  q 2c Now, b 2  4 c  (2  1)2  4 (  1)
65. (c) Let  and  2 be the roots of x 2  x  k  0 . Then
 4  2  1  4  4  2  4 
    1 and   k .
2 3

 b 2  4c  1 .
1/3 2/3 1/3 2/3
 (k )  (k ) 1  k k 1
73. (a) Given equation, Ax 2  Bx  C  0
2/3 1/3 3 2 2/3 1/3
 (k k )  1  k  k  3 k (k k )1 B C
  ,  
A A
 k 2  k  3 k (1)  1  k 2  4 k  1  0  k  2  5 .
  3   3  (   ) 3  3 (   )
66. (d) Since 3  4 i is a root of the equation x 2  px  q  0, 3
 B  C  B  B 3 3 BC
therefore its other root is 3  4 i      3       3 
 A  A  A  A A2
Now sum of the roots   p and product of the roots = q
3 ABC  B 3
Therefore p  6, q  25 . 3  3  .
A3
67. (a) Let ,  be the roots of the equation 1
74. (c)     1  n 2 ;   (1  n 2  n 4 )
b c 2
ax 2  bx  c  0 then      ,   .
a a
  2   2  (   ) 2  2
1 1 b   2 2
1
Given         (1  n 2 ) 2  2 . (1  n 2  n 4 )
 2
 2
a  2 2 2

b c2 bc 2 b 2 2c  1  n 4  2n 2  1  n 2  n 4   2   2  n 2 .
   (   ) 2
 2    
a a2 a3 a2 a
75. (b)    2  30 and  3  p
2 2
2 b bc b bc
  2  3 2  2 .  2    30  0  (  6 )(  5 )  0    6, 5
a a c a ac a
 p   3  (6) 3  216 and p  (5 ) 3 = 125
68. (b) 3  2   16  2(   )    16
p  125 and 216 .
 2  6    16    4
76. (b) Let roots are  and  .
 42  6  4  a  0  a  8 .
Hence,  2   2  (   ) 2  2  (3) 2  2  1  7 .
69. (a) Taking l  1, m  3, n  2    2,   1 .
77. (a) Let roots are  and  . Given     1
70. (b) Let the roots of the equation be  ,  1 1 1  1
       6
Given     1   6  6

 (   ) 2  (   ) 2  4  (1) 2  ( p ) 2  4 q Hence the equation, x 2  (   )x    0

 x2  x 6  0
 p 2  4q  1 .
78. (c) Let the roots be  and        p ,   q
71. (b) Given equation is
Given,      2   2
2
(5  2 )x  (4  5 )x  8  2 5  0
But     (   ) 2  2   p  ( p )2  2 q
4 5
Hence x 1  x 2 
5 2  p 2  2q   p  p 2  p  2q .
 204 Quadratic Equations and Inequations
79. (c)  ,  are the roots of the equation x 2  3 x  1  0 83. (a) Here, tan   tan   p …..(i)

     3 and   1 tan  tan   q …..(ii)

1 1   4 tan   tan  p
S    Hence tan(   )  
  2   2   2(   )  4 1  tan  tan  1q

34 1  cos[ 2(   )]

 1  sin 2 (   ) 
1  2 .3  4 2
1 1  2 
and P    1  p 
(  2)(  2)   2(   )  4  1   
1  q  
1  1  tan 2 (   )  1    
 1    1  
1 1 2  1  tan 2 (   )  2   p 
2
Hence the equation whose roots are and 
 2  2  1  
 
 
 1  q  
are x 2  Sx  P  0  x 2  x  1  0 .
1  (1  q) 2  p 2  (1  q ) 2  p 2  p2
80. (b)  ,  be the roots of ax 2  bx  c  0     .
2  (1  q) 2  p 2  p 2  (1  q ) 2
    b / a ,   c / a
x m x n
84. (a) Given, 
Now roots are   1,   1 mx  1 nx  1
Their sum,     2  (b / a)  2  8 / 2  4  x 2 (m  n)  2mnx  (m  n)  0
Their product, (  1)(  1)    (   )  1
1 1 m n
Roots are  , respectively, then  . 
 c/ab /a 1 1   m n

 New equation is 2 x 2  8 x  2  0  m n  m n  n  0 .
 b / a  2 i.e. b  2 a , also c  b  0  b  c . 85. (b) Since roots of the equation x 2  5 x  16  0 are  ,  .
81. (c) Given equation is 9 x 2  6 x  1  0

     5 and   16 and  2   2   p
6 2 2
     and   1 / 9
9 3

 (   ) 2  2    p  25  32  8   p
4 1 2
     (   ) 2  4   4.  0
9 9
  
 p  1 and ( 2   2 )  q
1 1  2 
  , 
3 3

 Equation x 2  (   )x    0    

 (   )2  2    q  q  [25  32 ]
2
16
2
 56
 
 x 2  6x  9  0 .
So, p  1, q  56 .
82. (b)  ,  are the roots of the equation 6 x 2  6 x  1  0
86. (b) Let  be a root of x 2  x  k  0, then 2 is a root of
     1,   1 / 6
x 2  x  3k  0 .

1
2

a  b   c 2  d  3 
1
2
 
a  b   c 2  d  3    2    k  0 and 4 2  2  3 k  0

1 1 1 2  1
= a b(   )  c ( 2   2 )  d ( 3   3 )   
2 2 2  3 k  2k 4 k  3k 24
1 1 1
= a b  c[ (   ) 2  2 ]  d [(   ) 3   2  k / 2 and   k / 2
2 2 2
3 (   )] Now,  2  ( ) 2  k / 2  (k / 2) 2

b 1  2 1 1  1  k 2  2k  0  k  0 or – 2.
= a  c (1)  2 .   d (1) 3  3 . 
2 2  6 2  6
87. (a) Let r be the common ratio of the G.P. , , ,  then
a b c d
=    .    r,    r 2 and    r 3
1 2 3 4
 Quadratic Equations and Inequations 205
    1     r  1   (1  r)  1 …..(i) From (i) + (ii),

  p   (r)  p   2 r  p …..(ii)  ( 2   2 )  5(   )  6  0

    4  r 2  r 3  4   r 2 (1  r)  4 …..(iii)  ( 2   2 )  5 .5  6  0   2   2  19

Then (   ) 2   2   2  2
and   q  r 2 .r 3  q   2 r 5  q …..(iv)
 25  19  2    3
Dividing (iii) by (i), we get, r 2  4  r   2
 
then the equation, whose roots are and , is
If we take r  2 , then  is not integral, so we take  
r  2,
    
x 2  x     .  0
Substituting r  2 in (i), we get   1     

Now, from (ii), we have p   2 r  (1) 2 (2)  2  2   2 

 x 2  x   1  0

  
and from (iv), we have q   2 r 5  (1)2 (2)5  32
19
 (p, q) = (– 2, – 32).  x 2  x.  1  0  3 x 2  19 x  3  0 .
3
88. (a) Let the roots are  and  92. (a) Let  1 ,  1 are the roots of the eqn
 8 16  a  a2  4b
     …..(i) x 2  ax  b  0  x 
2 5 5 2
1 1
  a  a 2  4b  a  a 2  4b
  8  8 (16 / 5 )  1  , 1 
and       2 2
2 7 2 7 2 (8 / 7 )
and  2 ,  2 are the roots of the equation
7
   …..(ii) x 2  bx  a  0
5
 b  b 2  4a  b  b2  4a
 16  7 So,  2  , 2 
 Equation is x 2    x   0 2 2
 5 5

2
Now 1  1  a 2  4 b ;  2   2  b 2  4 a
 5 x  16 x  7  0 .
Given,  1   1   2   2  a 2  4 b  b 2  4 a
89. (d) 1  i is a root of the equation so x  1  i

 (x  1)  i  (x  1)2  (i)2  x 2  2 x  2  0  a 2  b 2   4 (a  b )  a  b  4  0 .

By comparison, a = 2, b = 2. 93. (c) Note that for t  R, t 2 x 2  | x |  9  9 and hence the

given equation can not have real roots.
90. (c) Equation x 2  kx  24  0 has one root is 3.
 2 2
94. (a) Let roots are ,  so,   
 3 2  3 k  24  0  k  5  3 3

Put x  3 and k  5 in options, only (c) gives the m


correct answer. 12

2 m 5 m
91. (d)  2  5  3  0 …..(i)     …..(i)
3 12 3 12
 2  5  3  0 …..(ii)
5 2 5 5
and    .   2 
From (i) – (ii), 12 3 12 8

 ( 2   2 )  5  5   0    5/8

  2   2  5(   )      5 5 5 m
Put the value of  in (i), .   m  5 10 .
3 8 12