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Assignment 6

This document contains an assignment for a Physics-I course, detailing various problems related to quantum mechanics and wave functions. Topics include proving the linearity of the Schrödinger equation, calculating expectation values, normalization constants, energy eigenvalues, and probabilities related to particles in potential wells and barriers. The assignment consists of 14 questions that require analytical and mathematical solutions.

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16 views2 pages

Assignment 6

This document contains an assignment for a Physics-I course, detailing various problems related to quantum mechanics and wave functions. Topics include proving the linearity of the Schrödinger equation, calculating expectation values, normalization constants, energy eigenvalues, and probabilities related to particles in potential wells and barriers. The assignment consists of 14 questions that require analytical and mathematical solutions.

Uploaded by

sugudathakurmarndi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PHYSICS-I (PH1001) AUTUMN SEM.

(2022-2023)

VI
ASSIGNMENT-III

1. Prove that the Schrodinger wave equation is linear by showing that ψ(x, t) =
a1 ψ1(x, t) + a2 ψ2(x, t) is also a solution of the same equation if ψ1 and ψ2 are
themselves solutions.

2. A particle is represented by the following wave function:


ψ(x) = C( 2x
L
) for 0 < x < L2 ,
ψ(x) = C( −2x
L
+ 2) for L2 < x < L,
and ψ(x) = 0 for x < 0 and x > L.

a) Find the expectation value for the position of the particle and the square of
the position of the particle, that is, < x > and < x2 >.
b)
√ Find the variance in the value of the position of the particle, that is,
< x2 > − < x >.

3. Find the normlization constant C for the wave function described in question no.
2, and also evaluate the probability of finding the particle between x = L/2 and
x = 3L/4 for the same wave function.
−x2
4. Find the value of the normalization constant A for the wave function ψ = Axe 2 .

5. Show that the expectation values < px > and < xp > are related by < px > − <
xp >= −ih̄.

6. An eigenfunction of the operator d2 /dx2 is sin nx, where n =1, 2, 3,... . Find the
corresponding eigen values.

7. The wave function of a particle is ψ = Ae−bx for x > 0 and ψ = Aebx for x < 0.
Find the corresponding energy eigen value.

8. A linear combination of two wave functions for a system is also a valid wave function.
Find the normalization constant B for the combination
πx 2πx
ψ = B(sin + sin )
L L
of the wave functions for the n=1 and n=2 states of a particle in a box L wide.

9. The lowest energy of an electron in an infinite potential well is 5.6 eV.


a) Find the three smallest possible values allowed for the energy of the electron.
b) What are three longest wavelengths of the de Broglie waves that describes the
electron that is confined in the well.
c) If the width of the well is halved, what is the new value of the lowest energy.

10. Consider a one-dimensional box extends from x = x0 to x = x0 + L, where x0 �= 0.


Would the expression for the wave function of a particle in this box be any different
from those in the box that extends from x = 0 to x = L? Would the energy levels
be different?
11. A particle is in a cubic box with infinitely hard walls whose edges are L long. The
wave functions of the particle are given by,
nx πx ny πy nz πz
ψ(x, y, z) = Asin sin sin ,
L L L
where nx = 1, 2, ..., ny = 1, 2, ... and nz = 1, 2, .... Find the value of normalization
constant A.

12. (a) Find the possible energies of the particle in a cubic box as given in question no.
8 by substituting its wave function in the Schrodinger equation and solving for E.

(b) Compare the ground-state energy of a particle in a one-dimensional box of


length L with that of a particle in the three dimensional box.

13. Electrons with energies of 0.4 eV are incident on a barrier 0.3 eV high and 0.1 nm
wide. Find the approximate probability for these electrons to penetrate the barrier.

14. An electron and a proton with the same energy E approach a potential barrier whose
height U is greater than E. Do they have the same probability of getting through?
If not which has the greater probability?

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