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3. String and Conditional Statements

The document provides an overview of string manipulation and conditional statements in programming. It covers string declaration, indexing, slicing, concatenation, and formatting methods, as well as the syntax and usage of if-elif-else conditional statements. Additionally, it includes examples of generating random numbers and selecting random items from a list.

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Shreyansh Mishra
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3 views

3. String and Conditional Statements

The document provides an overview of string manipulation and conditional statements in programming. It covers string declaration, indexing, slicing, concatenation, and formatting methods, as well as the syntax and usage of if-elif-else conditional statements. Additionally, it includes examples of generating random numbers and selecting random items from a list.

Uploaded by

Shreyansh Mishra
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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3.

String and Conditional Statements


Table of content:

String:
Indexing:
Slicing:
.format()
Conditional Statements:
Random numbers/strings

String:
We can declare a string in the following ways:

" "
' '
""" """

To go to next like a string we use something called as escape sequence characters.

strng = "Hello World \n My name is Srikanth";


print(strng);
Some escape sequence characters:

Concatenation:
"hello" + "world" -> helloworld

Length of String:
len(string) // returns the length of a string

Indexing:
Whenever a string is created, each character gets assigned an index value.
Indexing always starts from 0 .
Syntax: name_of_string[index_value]

string = "Srikanth";
print(string[0]);

Slicing:
Accessing specific part of a string.
Syntax: string[staring_index : ending_index]

string = "Srikanth";
print(string[0:3]);

str1 = "Hello World";


print(str1[6:len(str1)]) #printing only World
print(str1[6:]) #this also gives World
print(str1[:5])

if no index value is specified then by default is it 0 for starting and length of string for ending
negative indexing is also allowed
.format()
optional method that gives users more control when displaying output.

animal = "cow"
item = "moon"
print("The {} jumped over the {}".format(animal,item))
print("The {0} jumped over the {1}".format(animal,item))
print("The {1} jumped over the {0}".format(animal,item))

print("The {animal} jumped over the {item}".format(animal="cow",item="moon"))

animal="Cow"
item="moon"
text = "The {} jumped over the {}"
print(text.format(animal,item))

#PADDING...
animal="Cow"
item="moon"

print("The {:>5} jumped over the {}".format(animal,item)) #Left align


print("The {:<5} jumped over the {}".format(animal,item)) #right align
print("The {:^6} jumped over the {}".format(animal,item)) #center align

#formatting number
pi = 3.14159
print("The value of pi is {:.2f}".format(pi))
number = 1000
print("The value of pi is {:,}".format(number))
print("The value of pi is {:b}".format(number)) #binary
print("The value of pi is {:o}".format(number)) #octal
print("The value of pi is {:X}".format(number)) #hexa (lower case x for lower
case output)

Conditional Statements:
SYNTAX: if-elif-else

if(condition):
Statement1
elif(condition):
Statement2
else:
Statement3

if and elif (else if) statements can be used infinite times and elif only comes after if
statement. else statement doesn't require any condition and is always written at the end of
the statements. else is executed if all the if-elif statements are false.

Random numbers/strings

import random
x = random.randint(1,10)
y = random.random() #prints random float values
print(x)
print(round(y,3))

myList=["rock","paper","scissor"]
rps = random.choice(myList)
print(rps)

cards = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,"K","J","Q","A"]
random.shuffle(cards)
print(cards)

<— 2. Operators, Type conversion, casting and inputs

4. Lists and Tuples —>

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