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.NET Framework is a software framework developed by Microsoft for building, deploying, and running Windows-based applications, first released in 2002. It includes key components like the Common Language Runtime (CLR) for code execution and memory management, and the Framework Class Library (FCL) for pre-built functionality. The framework supports multiple programming languages, offers cross-platform compatibility, and has evolved through several versions, with the latest being 4.8 released in 2020.

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6 views3 pages

NOTES

.NET Framework is a software framework developed by Microsoft for building, deploying, and running Windows-based applications, first released in 2002. It includes key components like the Common Language Runtime (CLR) for code execution and memory management, and the Framework Class Library (FCL) for pre-built functionality. The framework supports multiple programming languages, offers cross-platform compatibility, and has evolved through several versions, with the latest being 4.8 released in 2020.

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rogitha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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What is .NET?

The .NET Framework is a software framework developed by Microsoft that provides a platform
for building, deploying, and running the Windows-based applications. It was first released in
2002 and has since become one of the most widely used frameworks for building Windows-
based applications.

Key Components of .NET Framework:

CLR (Common Language Runtime): The CLR is the runtime environment that manages the
execution of .NET code. It provides services such as memory management, exception handling,
and security.

Framework Class Library (FCL): The FCL is a large library of pre-built classes and interfaces
that provide a wide range of functionality for tasks such as file I/O, networking, database access,
and more.

C# and Visual Basic .NET: C# and Visual Basic .NET are two popular programming languages
that are designed to work with the .NET Framework.

ASP.NET:

ASP.NET is a set of technologies for building web applications that run on the .NET Framework.

Features of .NET Framework:

Platform Independence: .NET code can run on multiple platforms, including Windows, Linux,
and macOS.

Type Safety: .NET provides strong typing, which helps prevent type-related errors at compile-
time rather than at runtime.

Memory Management: The CLR manages memory allocation and deallocation, reducing the
risk of memory-related errors.

Garbage Collection: The CLR provides automatic garbage collection, which frees developers
from worrying about memory management.

Multithreading: The CLR provides support for multithreading, allowing developers to write
programs that can take advantage of multiple CPU cores.

Security: The CLR provides built-in security features such as code access security and role-
based security.
Benefits of using .NET Framework:

Faster Development:

The .NET Framework provides a large library of pre-built classes and interfaces, making it
faster to develop applications.

Improved Code Quality:

The strong typing and memory management features of the CLR help reduce the risk of errors
and improve code quality.

Cross-Platform Compatibility: The ability to run .NET code on multiple platforms makes it
easier to deploy applications across different environments.

Large Community: The .NET Framework has a large and active community, with many
resources available for developers.

History of .NET Framework:

Version 1.0 (2002): The initial release of the .NET Framework, which introduced the CLR and
FCL.

Version 1.1 (2003): Added support for ASP.NET 1.1 and improved performance.

Version 2.0 (2005): Introduced LINQ (Language Integrated Query) and other new features.

Version 3.0 (2007): Introduced WPF (Windows Presentation Foundation) and WF (Windows
Workflow Foundation).

Version 3.5 (2008): Added support for LINQ to SQL and other features.

Version 4.0 (2010): Introduced parallel programming support and other new features.

Version 4.5 (2012): Added support for async/await syntax and other features.

Version 4.6 (2015): Introduced async programming support and other features.

Note: The latest version of the .NET Framework is version 4.8, which was released in 2020.

What is the Common Language Runtime (CLR)?

The Common Language Runtime (CLR) is a part of the .NET Framework that provides a
runtime environment for .NET code. It is responsible for executing .NET code, managing
memory, and providing services such as exception handling, security, and debugging.
How the CLR Works:

Compilation: The CLR compiles .NET code into an intermediate language called Microsoft
Intermediate Language (MSIL).

JIT Compilation: The CLR compiles MSIL into native machine code at runtime.

Execution: The CLR executes the native machine code, providing services such as memory
management and exception handling.

Benefits of the CLR:

Faster Development: The CLR provides a managed environment that makes it easier to develop
and deploy applications.

Improved Code Quality: The CLR provides features such as type safety and exception
handling, which help improve code quality.

Better Security: The CLR provides built-in security features that help protect against common
security threats.

Cross-Platform Compatibility: The CLR allows .NET code to run on multiple platforms,
including Windows, Linux, and macOS.

Common Language Runtime (CLR) Architecture:

The CLR consists of several components:

Execution Engine: Responsible for executing .NET code.

JIT Compiler: Compiles MSIL into native machine code at runtime.

Garbage Collector: Manages memory allocation and deallocation.

Type System: Provides type safety and metadata management.

Security System: Provides security features such as code access security and role-based
security.

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