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Errors in C Programming

The document outlines four types of errors in C programming: syntax errors, semantic errors, logic errors, and run-time errors. Syntax errors occur when code violates grammatical rules, while semantic errors arise from logical inconsistencies despite correct syntax. Logic errors lead to flawed program behavior, and run-time errors happen during execution due to resource issues or unexpected inputs.

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4 views

Errors in C Programming

The document outlines four types of errors in C programming: syntax errors, semantic errors, logic errors, and run-time errors. Syntax errors occur when code violates grammatical rules, while semantic errors arise from logical inconsistencies despite correct syntax. Logic errors lead to flawed program behavior, and run-time errors happen during execution due to resource issues or unexpected inputs.

Uploaded by

jordenpayments
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Errors in C Programming

 Syntax Errors:
These are errors that occur when the code does not follow the grammatical rules of
the programming language.
 Examples:
 Missing parentheses or brackets.
 Using an incorrect keyword (e.g., "prin" instead of "print").
 Incorrectly formatted code (e.g., missing semicolons).

 Semantic Errors:
These errors occur when the code is syntactically correct but does not make sense in
the context of the language's rules or the programmer's intended logic.
 Examples:
 Using an undeclared variable.
 Trying to perform an operation on incompatible data types.
 Calling a function with the wrong number or type of arguments.

 Logic Errors (or Bugs):


These errors occur when the code is syntactically correct and semantically valid, but
the program's logic is flawed, leading to incorrect or unexpected behavior.

 Example: An algorithm that incorrectly calculates a result, a loop that runs forever, or a
program that doesn't handle certain inputs correctly.

 Run-time Errors
 A runtime error happens during the execution of a program, meaning the code has been
compiled or interpreted and is running, but something goes wrong.

 Causes:
 Resource issues: The program might run out of memory, disk space, or other system
resources.
 Unexpected input: The program might receive data or instructions it wasn't designed to
handle.
 Logic errors: The program's logic might lead to an error, such as dividing by zero or
accessing an invalid memory location.
 External factors: Problems with hardware, network, or other software can also cause
runtime errors.

 Examples:
 Division by zero: Attempting to divide a number by zero.
 Array out of bounds: Trying to access an element of an array that doesn't exist.
 Null pointer exception: Trying to access a variable that hasn't been assigned a value.
 File not found: Trying to open a file that doesn't exist.
 How to handle them:

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