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Unit V - 4. Explain Search Engine

A search engine is a software system that helps users find information on the Internet by retrieving data from billions of web pages. It operates through a structured process involving web crawling, indexing, query processing, and ranking results. Search engines can be categorized into types such as crawler-based, meta, directory-based, and hybrid, with popular examples including Google, Bing, and DuckDuckGo.

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15 views3 pages

Unit V - 4. Explain Search Engine

A search engine is a software system that helps users find information on the Internet by retrieving data from billions of web pages. It operates through a structured process involving web crawling, indexing, query processing, and ranking results. Search engines can be categorized into types such as crawler-based, meta, directory-based, and hybrid, with popular examples including Google, Bing, and DuckDuckGo.

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saravan
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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3/15/25, 9:17 AM Keyboard Explanation with Sketch

4. Explain Search Engine


Definition
A search engine is a software system designed to help users find specific information on
the Internet. It retrieves data from billions of web pages and presents relevant results based on
user queries.

Functions of a Search Engine


A search engine follows a structured process to fetch and display results:
1. Web Crawling
Automated programs (crawlers or spiders) scan web pages and collect data.
2. Indexing
Organizes collected web data in a structured database for fast retrieval.
3. Query Processing
Matches user search queries with indexed data to find relevant web pages.
4. Ranking & Displaying Results
Uses algorithms to rank web pages based on relevance and user engagement.

Types of Search Engines


Search engines can be classified based on their data retrieval method:

1. Crawler-Based Search Engine


Uses automated bots to scan, index, and update web content.
Examples: Google, Bing, Yahoo.

2. Meta Search Engine


Fetches search results from multiple search engines and combines them.
Examples: DuckDuckGo, Dogpile.

3. Directory-Based Search Engine


Uses human-edited directories for categorizing websites.
Examples: DMOZ (Open Directory Project).

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3/15/25, 9:17 AM Keyboard Explanation with Sketch

4. Hybrid Search Engine


Combines both crawler-based and directory-based indexing.
Examples: Google (uses both AI algorithms and manual data curation).

Tree Diagram of Search Engine


pgsql Copy Edit

Search Engine
│
┌──────────────────────┴───────────────────────┐
│ │
Functions Types of Search Engines
│ │
┌────┴───────┐ ┌─────┴──────┐
│ │ │ │
Crawling Indexing Crawler-Based Meta Search
│ │ │ │
Query Ranking & Displaying Directory-Based Hybrid Search
Processing Search Results

(Refer to Fig. 5.4 – Search Engine Classification Tree Diagram)

Popular Search Engines


1. Google – The most widely used search engine with advanced AI-based ranking.
2. Bing – Developed by Microsoft, integrated with Windows services.
3. Yahoo! – Uses Bing’s search algorithm for web searches.
4. DuckDuckGo – Focuses on user privacy and does not track searches.
5. Baidu – The most popular search engine in China.

Key Features of Search Engines

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3/15/25, 9:17 AM Keyboard Explanation with Sketch

✔ Keyword-Based Search – Retrieves content based on relevant keywords.


✔ Filters & Advanced Search – Enables users to refine search results.
✔ Voice Search – Allows hands-free searching via speech recognition.
✔ Personalized Results – Customizes searches based on user history.
✔ Security & Privacy – Supports encrypted searches and incognito browsing

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