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8 views

Tutorial-5

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hetghetiya2526
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SHREE SWAMI ATMANAND SARSWATI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, SURAT

Branch: IT 21
Subject Name: DM Date: 24/1/2025
Tutorial-5
1 a) List all the ordered pairs in the relation 𝑅 = {(𝑎 , 𝑏) | 𝑎 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑠 𝑏} on the set {1,2,3,4,5,6} .
b) Display this relation graphically, in tabular form, matrix form.
c) 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑅2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑅−1 .
2 Let 𝐿 denotes the relation “less than or equal to” and 𝐷 denotes the relation “divides”. Where
𝑥𝐷𝑦 means “x divides y”. Both 𝐿 and 𝐷 are defined on the set {1, 2, 3, 6}. Write 𝐿 and 𝐷 as sets,
find L ∩ D, L ∪ D, L − S, L⨁D.
3 Let N be the set of natural numbers. Let R be a relation in N defined by xRy if and only if
x  3y  12.Examine the relation for (i) reflexive (ii) symmetric (iii) transitive.
4 Give examples of relations R on A={1,2,3} having the stated property
a) R is transitive nut not symmetric
b) R is symmetric but not transitive.
c) R is both symmetric and antisymmetric.
d) R is neither symmetric nor antisymmetric.
e) R is reflexive and symmetric.
f) R is irreflexive.
5 Determine whether the relation R on the set of all integers is reflexive, symmetric, antisymmetric,
transitive. Is R equivalence Relation? where (𝑥, 𝑦) ∈ 𝑅 iff
a) 𝑅 = {(𝑎, 𝑏) |𝑥𝑦 ≥ 1}
b) 𝑅 = {(𝑎, 𝑏) |𝑥 = 2𝑦}
c) R = {(a, b) |x = y + 1 or x = y − 1}
d) 𝑅 = {(𝑎, 𝑏) |𝑥 ≤ 𝑦 2 }
e) R = {(a, b) |x is a multiple of y}
f) 𝑅 = {(𝑥, 𝑦)|𝑥 ≡ 𝑦 (𝑚𝑜𝑑 7)}
6 Let A be a set of integers and R be the relation on 𝐴 × 𝐴 defined by (𝑎, 𝑏)𝑅(𝑐, 𝑑 ) iff 𝑎 + 𝑑 =
𝑏 + 𝑐. Prove that R is an equivalence relation.
7 Let R be the relation on the set of real numbers such that 𝑥𝑅𝑦 𝑖𝑓𝑓 |𝑥 − 𝑦| < 1. Show that R
is not an equivalence relation.

1
8 Define equivalence class. Let R be the relation on the set of integers I defined by(x–y) is an even
integer, find the disjoint equivalence classes.
9 Define equivalence class generated by an element 𝑥 ∈ 𝑋. Let Z be the set of integers and let 𝑅
be the relation called “congruence modulo 3” defined by R = {〈x, y〉|x ∈ Z⋀y ∈ Z⋀(x −
y) is divisible by 3}. Determine the equivalences classes generated by the element of 𝑍.
10 For the following relations on the set of real numbers,
𝑅1 = {(𝑎, 𝑏) ∈ 𝑅2 |𝑎 > 𝑏}, 𝑅2 = {(𝑎, 𝑏) ∈ 𝑅 2 |𝑎 ≥ 𝑏},
𝑅3 = {(𝑎, 𝑏) ∈ 𝑅2 |𝑎 < 𝑏}, 𝑅4 = {(𝑎, 𝑏) ∈ 𝑅2 |𝑎 ≤ 𝑏} , 𝑅5 = {(𝑎, 𝑏) ∈ 𝑅2 |𝑎 = 𝑏},
𝑅6 = {(𝑎, 𝑏) ∈ 𝑅2 |𝑎 ≠ 𝑏}.
1.R 2 UR 4 . 2.𝑅3 𝑈𝑅6 3.𝑅3 ∩ 𝑅6 4.𝑅3 − 𝑅6 5.𝑅6 − 𝑅3 6. 𝑅2 ⨁𝑅6 7. 𝑅2 𝑜𝑅3
8. 𝑅4 𝑜𝑅1
Ans: 1. 𝑅2 2. 𝑅6 3. 𝑅3 4. ∅ 5. 𝑅1 6. 𝑅4 7. 𝑅2 8. 𝑅2

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