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ML-Exp1

The document provides an overview of Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML), and Deep Learning (DL), explaining their definitions, types, and applications. AI is described as the science of creating machines that can think and act like humans, while ML focuses on data-driven algorithms that improve over time. DL, a subset of ML, utilizes neural networks with multiple layers to enhance automation and accuracy in various fields such as automotive and medical research.

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Kulsum Sayed
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17 views5 pages

ML-Exp1

The document provides an overview of Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML), and Deep Learning (DL), explaining their definitions, types, and applications. AI is described as the science of creating machines that can think and act like humans, while ML focuses on data-driven algorithms that improve over time. DL, a subset of ML, utilizes neural networks with multiple layers to enhance automation and accuracy in various fields such as automotive and medical research.

Uploaded by

Kulsum Sayed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Name: Ishan Ahmed Roll No.

: 312018 Sem: VII


EXPERIMENT 01

AIM: What is AI/Machine Learning/Deep Learning?

THEORY:

What is AI (Artificial Intelligence) ?


Artificial intelligence (AI) is a topic that has been discussed in philosophy and science fiction for
decades, but it's rapidly becoming reality. In 2017, AI became a household name. It was all over
the news every day with companies like Google investing billions of dollars into developing
more and more AI applications. AI covers some fascinating topics, from how we design
intelligent machines to what our future might look like when these machines are more ubiquitous
than humans.
But what exactly is it? And why are we so excited about it?
Artificial intelligence is the science of making machines that can think like humans. It can do
things that are considered "smart." An example might be when Siri tells you when it will rain in
your city today.
Artificial intelligence (AI) involves using computers to do things that traditionally require human
intelligence. AI can process large amounts of data in ways that humans cannot. The goal for AI
is to be able to do things like recognize patterns, make decisions, and judge like humans. To do
this, we need lots of data inputted into them.
AI is at the very foundations of some things, like image recognition and classification. It's also
changing how we make decisions - for example, it can be used to predict traffic light systems or
when you get your coffee in the morning.

Types of AI:

Weak AI—also called Narrow AI or Artificial Narrow Intelligence (ANI)—is AI trained and
focused to perform specific tasks. Weak AI drives most of the AI that surrounds us today.
‘Narrow’ might be a more accurate descriptor for this type of AI as it is anything but weak; it
enables some very robust applications, such as Apple's Siri, Amazon's Alexa, IBM Watson, and
autonomous vehicles.

Strong AI is made up of Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) and Artificial Super Intelligence
(ASI). Artificial general intelligence (AGI), or general AI, is a theoretical form of AI where a
machine would have an intelligence equaled to humans; it would have a self-aware
consciousness that has the ability to solve problems, learn, and plan for the future. Artificial
Super Intelligence (ASI)—also known as superintelligence—would surpass the intelligence and
ability of the human brain. While strong AI is still entirely theoretical with no practical examples
in use today, that doesn't mean AI researchers aren't also exploring its development. In the
meantime, the best examples of ASI might be from science fiction, such as HAL, the
superhuman, rogue computer assistant in 2001: A Space Odyssey.

What is Machine Learning?


Machine learning is a branch of artificial intelligence (AI) and computer science which focuses
on the use of data and algorithms to imitate the way that humans learn, gradually improving its
accuracy. Over the last couple of decades, the technological advances in storage and processing
power have enabled some innovative products based on machine learning, such as Netflix’s
recommendation engine and self-driving cars.
Machine learning is an important component of the growing field of data science. Through the
use of statistical methods, algorithms are trained to make classifications or predictions, and to
uncover key insights in data mining projects. These insights subsequently drive decision making
within applications and businesses, ideally impacting key growth metrics. As big data continues
to expand and grow, the market demand for data scientists will increase. They will be required to
help identify the most relevant business questions and the data to answer them.
Machine learning algorithms are typically created using frameworks that accelerate solution
development, such as TensorFlow and PyTorch.
Machine learning models fall into three primary categories:

1. Supervised machine learning


Supervised learning, also known as supervised machine learning, is defined by its use of labeled
datasets to train algorithms to classify data or predict outcomes accurately. As input data is fed
into the model, the model adjusts its weights until it has been fitted appropriately. This occurs as
part of the cross-validation process to ensure that the model avoids overfitting or underfitting.
Supervised learning helps organizations solve a variety of real-world problems at scale, such as
classifying spam in a separate folder from your inbox. Some methods used in supervised learning
include neural networks, naïve bayes, linear regression, logistic regression, random forest, and
support vector machine (SVM).

2. Unsupervised machine learning


Unsupervised learning, also known as unsupervised machine learning, uses machine learning
algorithms to analyze and cluster unlabeled datasets. These algorithms discover hidden patterns
or data groupings without the need for human intervention. This method’s ability to discover
similarities and differences in information make it ideal for exploratory data analysis, cross-
selling strategies, customer segmentation, and image and pattern recognition. It’s also used to
reduce the number of features in a model through the process of dimensionality reduction.
Principal component analysis (PCA) and singular value decomposition (SVD) are two common
approaches for this. Other algorithms used in unsupervised learning include neural networks, k-
means clustering, and probabilistic clustering methods.

3. Reinforcement learning
Reinforcement machine learning is a machine learning model that is similar to supervised
learning, but the algorithm isn’t trained using sample data. This model learns as it goes by using
trial and error. A sequence of successful outcomes will be reinforced to develop the best
recommendation or policy for a given problem.
What is Deep Learning ?

Deep learning is a subset of machine learning, which is essentially a neural network with three or
more layers. These neural networks attempt to simulate the behavior of the human brain—albeit
far from matching its ability—allowing it to “learn” from large amounts of data. While a neural
network with a single layer can still make approximate predictions, additional hidden layers can
help to optimize and refine for accuracy.
Deep learning drives many artificial intelligence (AI) applications and services that improve
automation, performing analytical and physical tasks without human intervention. Deep learning
technology lies behind everyday products and services (such as digital assistants, voice-enabled
TV remotes, and credit card fraud detection) as well as emerging technologies (such as self-
driving cars).
Deep learning has several use cases in automotive, aerospace, manufacturing, electronics,
medical research, and other fields. These are some examples of deep learning:

● Self-driving cars use deep learning models to automatically detect road signs and
pedestrians.
● Defense systems use deep learning to automatically flag areas of interest in satellite
images.
● Medical image analysis uses deep learning to automatically detect cancer cells for
medical diagnosis.
● Factories use deep learning applications to automatically detect when people or objects
are within an unsafe distance of machines.

You can group these various use cases of deep learning into four broad categories—computer
vision, speech recognition, natural language processing (NLP), and recommendation engines.

Conclusion:
We have successfully understood the concept of query structure and executed various structured
queries.

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