PRACT ICE PAPER 01 (2024- 25)

CHAPTER 01 ELECTRIC CHARGES AND FIELDS

(ANSWERS)
SUBJECT: PHYSICS MAX. MARKS 40
CLASS : XII DURATION : 1% hrs
General Instructions:
(). All questions are compulsory.
(iü). This question paper contains 20 questions divided into five Sections A, B, C, Dand E.
(i), Section Acomprises of 10 MCQs of 1 mark each. Section Bcomprises of 4questions of 2 marks
cach. Section C comprises of 3 questions of 3 marks cach. Section D comprises of l question of 5
marks cach and Section E comprises of 2 Case Study Based Questions of4 marks each.
(iv). There is no overall choice.
(v). Use of Calculators is not permitted

SECTION-A
Questions 1 to 10 carry I mark each.
1. Which of the following graphs shows the variation of electric field E due to a hollow spherical
conductor of radius R as a function of distance from the centre of the sphere?
(a) (5 ()

Ans: (a)
Electric field due to a hollow spherical conductor is govened by equations
E=0, for r<R ..i) and
E=Q4nOr for r> R....ii)
ie. inside the conductor, electric field will be zero and outside the conductor it willvary
according to E x l/.

2. An electric dipole of moment p is placed in the position of stable equilibrium in uniform electric
field of intensity E. It is rotated through an angle 0 from the initial position. The potential energy
of electric dipole in the final position is
(a) pE cos 0 (b) pE sin (c) pE(1 - cos 0) (d)-pE cos 0
Ans: (d) -pE cos 0
3. ABC is an equilateral triangle. Three charges tq are placed at each corner. The electric intensity
at O will be

(a) 1. q/4ze0. (b) 1. q/4E0r (c) Zero (d) 1. 3q/4neOr

Ans: (c)
 Ec=E Eg=E
4 Egc E
120
120120*

E=E E=E
E0

4. Four charges are arranged at the corners of a square ABCD, as shown. The force on the charge
kept at the centre O is
+0 +2q
8

-2q
(a) zero (b) along the diagonal AC
(c) along the diagonal BD (d) perpendicular to side AB
Ans: (c) along the diagonal BD
Place a unit positive charge at 0. Resultant force due to the charges placed at A and C is zero
and resultant charge due to B and D is towards D along the diagonal BD.

5. Figure shows electric field lines in which an electric dipole pis placed as shown. Which of the
following statements is correct?

(a) The dipole will not experience any force.

(b) The dipole will experience a force towards right.
(c) The dipole will experience a force towards left.
(d) The dipole will experience a force upwards.
Ans: (c) The dipole will experience a force towards left.
6. A positive charge Q is uniformly distributed along a circular ring of radius R. Asmall test charge
q is placed at the centre of the ring.
Which of the following statement is not correct?

(a) If q >0 and is displaced away from the centre in the plane of the ring, it will be pushed back
towards the centre.
(b) If q < 0 and is displaced away from the centre in the plane of the ring, it will never return to
the centre and will continue moving till it hits the ring.
(c) Ifq< 0, it will perform SHM for small displacement along the axis.
(d) q at the centre of the ring is in an unstable equilibrium within the plane of the ring for q >0.
Ans: (c) If q<0, it willperfom SHM for small displacement along the axis.
The charge is displaced away from the centre in the plane of the ring. There will be net
 electric field opposite to displacement will push back the charge towards the centre of the ring if
the charge is positive. If charge is negative, it will experience net force in the direction of
displacement and the charge will continue moving till it hits the ring. Also this negative charge is
in an unstable equilibrium.
7. Two similar spheres having +Q and -Q charges are kept at a certain distance. F force acts
between the two. If at the middle of two spheres, another similar sphere having +Q charge is
kept, then it experiences a force in magnitude and direction as
(a) zero having no direction. (b) 8F towards +Q charge.
(c) 8F towards -Q charge. (d) 4F towards +Q charge.
Ans: (c) 8F towards -Q charge.
Initially, force between A and C, F=
kQ?

A BfA
f2 ri2

When asimilar sphere Bhaving charge + is kept

at the mid-point of line joining A andC, then net
force on B is
8kQ 8F
2

The direction is shown in figure.

8. Acharge Q is divided into two parts of qand Q-q. Ifthe coulomb repulsion between them
when they are separated is to be maximum, the ratio of Q:q should be
(a) 2:1 (b) 1:2 (c) 4 :1 (d) 1:4
Ans: (a) 2:1
Let separation between two parts be r, then F- k.q(Q- q,For Fto be maximum dF/dq=0
then Q/q =2/| =2:1
In the following questions 9 and 10, a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a statement of reason
(R). Mark the correct choice as:
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
9. Assertion (A): In the given figure q1is positive and q: is negative.
Reason (R): Electric field lines emerge from positive and terminate at negative charge.

Ans: (d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.

10. Assertion (A): An electric dipole is placed in an electric field antiparallel to it. If it is displaced
then it will come back to initial position.
Reason (R): Dipole is in stable equilibrium.
 Ans: (d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.

SECTION-B
Questions 11 to 14 carry 2 marks each.
11. S, and S; are two hollow concentric spheres enclosing charge Q and 20 respectively as shown in
figure.
i) What is the ratio of the electric flux through S, and S.?
(ii) How will the electric flux through the sphere S, change, if a medium of dielectric constant 5
is introduced in the space inside S in place of air?

Ans: () According to the Gauss's law, electric flux (0) is given by

2Q+0)
E
(ii)When a medium of dielectricconstant K= 5 is introduced inside Si. then the electric flux
through Si

Le. the flux will be reduced to th of its initial value.

12. Define electric flux. Write its SI units. A spherical rubber balloon carries a charge that is
uniformly distributed over its surface. As the balloon is blown up and increases in size, how does
the total electric flux coming out of the surface change? Give reason.
Ans: The total number of electric lines of force passing through a given area normally is called
electric flux through that area.

Its SI unit is N m² C-.

As electric flux does not depend upon the shape and size of the closed surface. The electric flux
coming out of the surface will remain same as long as the charge enclosed by it remains same.
13. The figure given below shows a uniformly charged non-conducting rod. What is the direction of
electric field at point P due to the charge on the rod?

-Q

Ans: From the figure, we see that x-axis components of electric field due to upper and lower
halves of the rod will get cancelled out. Therefore, net electric field will be in --axis.
 Aty

+Q
dE,coSe6dEcos8
r
dESine dE
+dEsine
14. A small metal sphere carrying the charge +Q is located at the centre of a spherical cavity in a
large uncharged metal sphere
as shown in the figure.
Use the Gauss's theorem to fnd the electric flux at points P. and P.
Metal

Ans:
Let us draw a Gaussian sphere of radius r, passing through point P, then net electric flux
through the sphere
Charge endosed

Now, we draw another Gaussian sphere of radius rz passing through point P.

As we can see, charge will be induced on the inner side of the cavity of metal sphere.
Net electric charge enclosed =Q-Q=0

SECTION-C
Questions 15 to 17 carry 3 marks each.
15. Define the term *electric dipole moment'. Is it a scalar or vector?
Deduce an expression for the electric field at a point on the equatorial plane of an electric dipole
of length 2a.
Ans: Electric dipole moment is a measurement of the strength of electric dipole. It is given
by p= q(2a) cm where p is the electric dipole moment and 2a is the separation between the
charges. It is a vector quantity directed from negative to positive charge on the line joining them.
Let the dipole be made of two equal and opposite charges tq andq, separated by 2a. Consider a
 point P at a distancer from the mid-point.
kg pointing as shown.
Field at P due to each charge will be of equal magnitude E:, =
(r+a)

A(EL)

Resolving electric fields due to two charges. We can see that Y-axis components get cancelled
Out.
:. Net field at P, E= 2E, cos Esin
E= 2aqk k
PI E,COS
(:: cos 6=
(+a
(pointing anti-parallel to dipole moment)
Ifr >> a. ie. a can be neglected in comparison to r.
(anti-parallel to þ)

16. (a) A point charge (+) is kept in the vicinity of uncharged conducting plate. Sketch electric
field lines between the charge and the plate.
(b) Two infinitely large plane thin parallel sheets having surface charge densities o and :(o1>
o) are shown in the figure. Write the magnitudes and directions of net fields in the regions
marked Il and II.

B
Ans: (a) The lines of force due to a positive charge placed near a metal plate are as shown in the
figure.

(b) In the region II between the plates E4and Eg are opposite to each other.
As o, > o, |E,| > | l
and resultant field = E,- E, =
E
En 1 (o, + o,) from A to B
In the region III, both E, and Eg are supporting
each other.
A B
E = o , + o,) away from B.
17. Three charges Q, O; and O, are placed inside and outside a closed Gaussian surface as shown in
the figure.

Answer the following:

(a) Which charges contribute to the electric field at any point on the Gaussian surface?
(b) Which charges contribute to the net flux through this surface?
(c) If Q1 =-:, will electric field on the surface be zero?
Ans: (a) All three charges Q1, and Q will contribute to the electric field.
(b) Only the enclosed charges, i.e. Qi and Q.
(c) No, the electric field willexist on the surface.

SECTION-D
Questions 18 carry 5 marks.
18. (a) State Gauss's law. Use it to deduce the expression for the electric field due to a uniformly
charged thin spherical shell at points (i) inside and (ii) outside the shell.
(b) Two identical metallic spheres Aand Bhaving charges +40 and-100 are kept a certain
distance apart. A third identical uncharged sphere C is first placed in contact with sphere Aand
then with sphere B.
Spheres A and B are then brought in contact and then separated. Find the charges on the
spheres A and B.
Ans: (a)Gauss's Law states that the net outward flux through any closed surface is equal to
times the charge enclosed by the closed surface.
(i)When the point P is inside the shell.
In this case, the Gaussian surface lies inside the spherical shell and hence no charge is enclosed
by it.
fEK - fEds cos 0=Efd -Ex 4ni
and by Gauss's law
...0)

...ü)
(since no charge is enclosed)
:. From () and (n), we have
Ex An =0
or E= 0, i.e. there is no electric field insidea charged spherical shell.

(ii) When the point P lies outside the shell

Consider a spherical shell of radius R having charge . To find the electric intensity at a
point P at a distance n from the centre of the spherical shell imagine a spherical Gaussian
surface of radius r: to be drawn around the charged shell. At every point of this shell,
the E vector and ds vector are directed outwards in the same direction, ie. = 0.
 ...)
Also, by Gauss's law

...@)
From () and (n), we get

ds

Initial charge on the sphere A=+40

Initial charge on the sphere B =- 10 Q
Since, all the three spheres are identical, they have the same capacity. When
uncharged sphere C is placed in contact with 4, the total charge is
equally shared between them.
: Charge on C after contact with A =
0+Q-20
and charge on A after contact with C=2 0.
When sphere C carrying a charge 2 Cis placed in contact with B, again charges are equally
shared between C and B.

Charge on C after it is in contact with B =

2
Now, when sphere A with a charge of 2 Q is placed in contact with B, with
charge - 4Q.
Charge on A=*=-0
2
and Charge on B=-10
SECTION- E(Case Study Based Questions)
Questions 19 to 20 carry 4 marks each.
19. An electric dipole consists of two equal and opposite charge separated by a small distance. When
an electric dipole is placed in a uniform electric field, it experiences a torque but no force.
Consider an electric dipole of dipole moment P is placed in an electric field of magnitude 40
N/C. A graph for torque experienced by a dipole versus its angular position with respect to
electric field is shown below.

S0.

(i) What is the torque when the dipole is placed perpendicular to the electric field?
(a) 5 x 102 N-m
(b) 5 x 102* N-m
(c) 50 x 102% N-m
 (d) 50 x 10*2 N-m
dipole?
(ii) What is the value of electric field at the centre of the electric
(a) It is twice the electric field due to one charge at centre.
(b) It is thrice the electric field due to one charge at centre.
(c) It is half the electric field due to one charge at centre.
(d) Zero.

graph?
(iii) What is the value of electric dipole moment calculated with the help of given
(a) 2.25 x 10 Cm
(b) 2.5 x 10 Cm
(c) 1.25 x 10 Cm
(d) 2.5 x 102 Cm
distance of 2cm. Then what
(iv) Two charge 20C and-20 C are separated from each other by a
is the magnitude of electric dipole moment
(a) 0
(b) 0.2 cm
(c) 0.4 cm
(d) 0.8 cm
OR
(iv) An electric dipole of dipole moment P is placed in an electric field E. The torque exerted by
the field on the dipole is:
(a) Parallel to both the field and the dipole moment.
(b) Perpendicular to both the field and the dipole moment.
(c) Parallel to the field and perpendicular to the dipole moment.
(d) Parallel to dipole moment and perpendicular to the field.
Ans: (i) (c)
(ii) (a)
(iii) (c)
(iv) (c) p -g(2)
=20 x 2 x 102
=40 x 10=0,4 cm
OR
(iv)(b)

20. In electrostatics, electric flux is the measure of the electric field through a given surface,
although an electric field in itself cannot low. It is away of deseribing the electric field strength
at any distance from the charge causing the field. Now, consider a cube of each edge 0.30 m is
placed with its one corner at the origin. The cube is placed in a non-uniform electric field.

E =(-2xi +3) NIC

S, (Top)
S. (back)

+ S, (Right)
S,
(Left)

S, (front) S (bottom)
(i) The surfaces that have zero electric flux are
(a) Si and S
(b) SË and S6
(c) S; and S4
(d) S and S

(ii) Electric flux passing through surface Sj is

(a) -0.27 Nmc-1
(b) 0.27 Nmc-!
(c) -0.18 Nmc-!
(d) -0.18 Nmc!

(ii)Electric flux passing through surface S, is

(a) -0.18 Nmc1
(b) +0.18 NmC-!
(c) +0.27 Nmc-!
(d) zero
(iv)Total net flux passing through the cube if E -2 NC
(a) zero
(b) -0.18 Nmc!
(c) 0.18 Nmc!
(d) 0.27 Nm²C!
OR
(iv)Total charge enclosed inside the cube is
(a) 0
(b)-1.62 pC
(c) +1.62 pC
(d) 2.4 pC
Ans:

E =(-2xí +3) NIC

L= 0.3 m, '=0.09 m?
A =-0.09 j. A, =0.09 , A, =0.09 j
A, =-0.09 , A, =0.09i, A, =-0.09 i
" ii=j.j-k.k=1
i.j=j. k=ki =0