Birla Vishvakarma Mahavidyalaya

Engineering College
[An Autonomous Institution]

A
Project Report
On

Doctor Appointment System

Under the course of

DESIGN ENGINEERING -3CP08
B. E. Semester – VI
(Computer Engineering)

Submitted by:
Sr. Name of student Enrolment No.
1 Kharva Darshan XXXXXXXXXXXX
2 Chunara Hardik
3 Sathvara Neel

Guided by
Dr. U K Jaliya

Academic year
(2024-2025)
 CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the students namely,
Darshan Kharva , Hardik Chunara , Sathvara Neel of B. E.
(Computer Engineering) Semester VI have successfully completed the
course work and related tasks for the course of Design Engineering
3CP08 during the academic term ending in the month of April 2025.

Date:

Place:

(Faculty Guide) Head of the Department

Contents

1. Introduction
2. Literature Review
3. Design Considerations for detail design –DFD, ER and UML diagrams
4. Canvases
5. Prototype, Implementation/ Simulation
6. Conclusion and Future scope
7. Reference
ABSTRACT :

The purpose of Doctor Appointment System is to automate the existing

manual system by the help of computerized equipment’s and full-fledged
computer software, fulfilling their requirements, so that their valuable
data/information can be stored for a longer period with easyaccessing and
manipulation of the same. The required software and hardware are easily
available and easy to work with.

Doctor Appointment System, as described above, can lead to error free,

secure, reliable and fast management system. It can assist the user to
concentrate on their other activities rather to concentrateon the record
keeping. That means that one need not be distracted by information that is
not relevant, while being able to reach the information.

The aim is to automate its existing manual system by the help of

computerized equipment’s and full-fledged computer software, fulfilling
their requirements, so that their valuable data/information can be stored for
a longer period with easy accessing and manipulation of the same.
Basically the project describes how to manage for good performance and
better services for the clients.
 CHAPTER 1-INTRODUCTION

Problem Statement :
In today's fast-paced world, managing healthcare appointments
manually can be time-consuming and inefficient. Patients often face long
waiting times, lack of appointment transparency, and difficulty accessing
doctors, especially in emergencies. Similarly, clinics and hospitals struggle
with maintaining manual records, handling appointment clashes, and
ensuring smooth communication between staff and patients.

This project aims to develop a web-based Doctor Appointment System

that digitizes and streamlines the process of scheduling, modifying, and
managing appointments. It facilitates direct interaction between patients
and doctors while ensuring secure access, real-time availability, and
efficient backend management. The system eliminates the need for physical
queuing, reduces administrative burden, and improves healthcare
accessibility.

Project Objectives :
The main objective of this project is to design and develop a digital platform

that simplifies and improves the process of scheduling appointments between

patients and doctors. This platform is intended to serve both medical professionals and

patients by offering an efficient and user-friendly system that eliminates the traditional

limitations of manual appointment booking. The following are the detailed objectives
of the project:

1. To Provide a Centralized Online Appointment Platform:

The system aims to offer a one-stop platform where patients can find available

doctors, view their schedules, and book appointments without the need for

physical visits or phone calls.

2. To Facilitate Easy Registration and User Management:

The platform supports the creation and management of accounts for different

types of users such as patients, doctors, and administrators. Each user role has

specific access and control over the features they require.

3. To Allow Real-Time Availability Tracking:

Doctors can update their availability, while patients can check open time slots

and book appointments accordingly. This minimizes scheduling conflicts and

ensures better time management for both parties.

4. To Enable Doctors to Manage Appointments Efficiently:

Doctors can view upcoming appointments, patient details, and cancel or

reschedule bookings as needed, making the system a practical tool for day-to-

day practice management.

5. To Improve Accessibility and Convenience for Patients:

Patients can access the system anytime and from anywhere to book

appointments, reducing the need to wait in queues or make repeated phone calls

to clinics.

6. To Maintain Data Security and User Privacy:

The system ensures that all user data including health-related details and

appointment history is kept secure and confidential, accessible only to

 authorized users.

7. To Offer Administrative Oversight and Control:

An administrator can monitor all system activities, manage user accounts, and

oversee data integrity, ensuring that the platform runs smoothly and securely.

8. To Reduce Human Errors and Manual Work:

Automation of appointment booking reduces errors related to double booking,

miscommunication, and lost records. It also reduces the administrative

workload on clinic staff.

9. To Lay a Foundation for Future Enhancements:

The system is designed in a scalable and modular manner, allowing easy

integration of future features such as telemedicine, online payments,

prescription uploads, and health records management.

This project has been implemented using MERN stack technologies (MongoDB,

Express.js, React.js, Node.js) to ensure a modern, efficient, and scalable solution.

 CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE REVIEW AND PROJECT
METHODOLOGY

Literature Review :-

Over the years, the healthcare industry has increasingly adopted

digital solutions to improve efficiency and patient care. Several
online systems have been introduced for appointment scheduling,
but many of them still suffer from issues such as:
 Limited user roles and functionality.

 Lack of real-time updates.

 Poor security and data protection.

 Unclear user interface and navigation.

In traditional appointment systems, patients either call or

physically visit clinics to book appointments, leading to long wait
times and administrative burdens. While some hospitals use
appointment software, these are often standalone systems that do
not support cloud-based access, user-specific features, or mobile
compatibility.
Studies have shown that automating the booking process:
 Reduces wait times by up to 60%.

 Minimizes administrative workload.

 Increases patient satisfaction and clinic efficiency.

 Helps in maintaining accurate medical records and

appointment history.
Our system builds on the shortcomings of earlier solutions by
offering a modern, interactive, and efficient approach tailored for
both patients and healthcare providers.
Survey of Existing system :-
To gain a better understanding of doctor appointment management solutions, I referred to several
research papers and existing systems. Below is a summary of the key findings:

[1] NHIS Outpatient Appointment System (Nigeria)

This project focused on improving appointment booking for outpatients in Nigerian teaching
hospitals under the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS). The study highlighted a high rate of
missed appointments and the inefficiency of manual booking methods. To address this, the system
introduced an online booking platform where NHIS patients could view available doctors and book
appointments based on doctor availability. The project emphasized the importance of timely
healthcare access and integrated systems for seamless patient care.

[2] Doctor Appointment Booking System – NevonProjects

This system offers a smart, web-based solution for scheduling doctor appointments. It allows
patients to view available time slots and book appointments based on their preferences. The platform
is user-friendly and designed to overcome the common challenges of manual scheduling. It
simplifies appointment management for both patients and doctors by providing a centralized system
accessible online.
(Source: nevonprojects.com)

[3] Oger Medical Information System

This system includes an appointment module developed for use in single clinics and polyclinics. It is
designed to be a flexible, paperless solution that helps manage bookings for various resources within
a clinic. The system focuses on ease of use and efficient scheduling, providing electronic
management of appointments without the need for physical documentation.

[4] Web-Based Appointment System using Intelligent Systems

This system integrates intelligent system techniques into a web-based platform for scheduling
appointments. However, it lacks features such as user login or authentication—appointments can be
made without any user ID or password. While it supports a broader appointment scope (not limited
to doctors), the absence of user accounts and role-based access reduces security and personalization.

Conclusion from Survey

From the above systems, it is evident that while many platforms aim to digitalize appointment
booking, several lack essential features such as secure login, role-based access, user personalization,
and real-time availability. These shortcomings highlight the need for a robust, secure, and user-
friendly doctor appointment system—one that our project aims to fulfill.
Project Methodology:-

To develop this Doctor Appointment System, we adopted a user-centric

and iterative development methodology, which includes the following
phases:
1. Requirement Gathering
 Conducted informal interviews with patients and doctors to identify
the common challenges in current appointment systems.
 Collected data on desired features, interface preferences, and security
needs.
2. Planning and Analysis
 Identified key functionalities such as user registration, role-based
access (patient/doctor/admin), appointment scheduling, and
cancellation.
 Defined data flow between users and system components.
3. System Design
 Created wireframes and mockups for all major pages.
 Designed the database schema for storing appointments, user details,
and time slots.
 Developed DFDs, ER diagrams, and UML diagrams (covered in
Chapter 3).
4. Development
 Implemented the backend services, APIs, and frontend interface
based on the defined modules.
 Ensured smooth communication between the client and server, along
with error handling and form validation.
5. Testing
 Performed unit testing and integration testing on various modules.
 Collected feedback from a test group of users and refined features
accordingly.
6. Deployment
 Deployed the application to a cloud-based platform for easy access
and scalability.
 Ensured that all data is stored securely and that users have a smooth
experience.
7. Maintenance and Feedback
 The system is designed for easy future updates.
 Feedback mechanisms are in place to continue improving the
platform based on user needs.
 CHAPTER 3
Design Considerations For Detail Design
 CHAPTER 4 CANVASES

AEIOU :
EMPATHY :
IDEATION CANVAS :
PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT :
Learning need matrix :
 CHAPTER-5
Implementation

Entire implementation code for project is available in the

following link :
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1vtsjQQnzdrSBMTuiTUPgN0O9
EV5PDzJo/view?usp=drivesdk
 CHAPTER-6
Conclusion And Future Scope
CHAPTER-7
References