VEL TECH HIGH TECH

Dr. RANGARAJAN Dr. SAKUNTHALA ENGINEERING COLLEGE

An Autonomous Institution
Approved by AICTE-New Delhi, Affiliated to Anna University, Chennai
Accredited by NBA, New Delhi & Accredited by NAAC with “A” Grade &
CGPA of 3.27

21EE24T-BASIC ELECTRICAL, ELECRONICS AND INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING

QUESTION BANK
AY 2024-2025
Year/Sem: I/II

UNIT I DC CIRCUITS

PART-A

1. State Ohm‟s Law.

2. Enumerate the limitations of ohm‟s law.
3. Calculate the resistance of the lamp if an electric lamp draws 4A at 230V as shown in fig.

4. State Kirchoff‟s Voltage Law

5. State Kirchoff‟s current Law.
6. In the figure shown below, Calculate the equivalent resistance.

7. Write down the expression for effective resistance when the three resistance are
connected in series and parallel.
8. Three inductors of 3mH, 4mH and 6mH are connected together in a series combination
with no mutual inductance between them. Calculate the total inductance of the series
combination.
9. Three capacitors of 7μF, 1μF and 4μF are connected together in a series combination.
Calculate the total capacitance of the series combination.
10. Define Active & Passive elements
11. Find I1 and I2
 12. Write the voltage division rule equation.

13. Convert the voltage source circuit to current source circuit.

14. State Thevenin‟s theorem

15. State Norton‟s theorem
16. Draw Thevenin‟sequivalent circuit and give relevant equations for known parameters
17. Draw Norton‟s equivalent circuit and give relevant equations for known parameters
18. State Superposition theorem
19. Write the condition for maximum power transfer theorem.
20. List the applications of maximum power transfer theorem
PART-B
1. Obtain the load current and the power delivered to the load for the circuit shown below.

2. Form the maxwell‟s equations in matrix form by inspection for the network shown in below
figure. Determine the current through 4 ohm resistor.
3. Make use of the circuit given below and find the currents I1, I2 and I3 of a multiple source
electrical circuit using Mesh Analysis

4. Determine the nodal voltages and potential drop across 4Ω resistor by nodal method shown in
below figure.

5. By nodal method obtain the voltage across 10Ω resistor

6. Find the node voltage V1 and V2 using nodal analysis for the circuit shown below

7. For the following circuit, determine the load current and load power using Thevenin‟s
theorem.
 8. Use Thevenin‟s theorem to find the current through 5Ωresistor.

9.For the following circuit, determine the load current and load power using Norton‟s
theorem.

10. Find the current through „RL‟ using Norton‟s theorem

11.Determine the load resistance to receive the maximum power from the source, Find the
maximum power delivered to the load in the circuit

12.In the circuit shown below find the value of RL for which power absorbed is maximum.
Also find the value of maximum power.
13.Find the current through 5Ωresistor for given network using superposition theorem.

PART-C
1. Construct the resistive circuit on your own and assign the values of resistances and
voltages. Evaluate the current in the load resistane(assume) of the circuit using
Thevenin‟s theorem and compare the result using mesh analysis technique(by direct
inspection).
2. In the following circuit, find the current in 4ohm resistor using superposition principle

3. In the circuit shown below the value of I1 = 2A, I2 = 10A. Determine the nodal voltages and
unknown resistances.
 UNIT II- AC CIRCUITS
PART-A

1. Distinguish between a cycle, time period and frequency.

2. A washing machine of 300W, 0.85 power factor is connected across an ac supply of
230V,50Hz. Calculate the current in the circuit.
3. Define RMS value
4. Define form factor
5. Draw the power triangle and define power factor
6. Define real power and apparent power
7. Define peak factor.
8. Determine the power factor of a series RLC circuit circuit with R=5 ohm, X L= 8 ohm and
XC=12 ohm.
9. An inductive circuit has an inductance of 0.4 Henry when connected to 200V,50Hz
supply. Determine the current through the circuit.
10. When the circuit is said to be in resonance?
11. Define time constant of RL Circuit.
12. Define bandwidth
13. Calculate the resonant frequency for the given series RLC circuit where R=10Ω,
L=10mH and C=1µF.
14. Determine the quality factor of a coil for the series circuit consisting of
R=10Ω,L=0.1H,C=10µF
15. Write the relation between the phase & Line values of a star connected system.
16. A three phase balanced star connected load has 440 V line to line voltage and 20 Amperes
line current. Determine the line to neutral voltage and phase current.
17. Write the relation between the phase and line values of a delta connected system
18. Which type of connection of three phase system is preferred at the point of utilization?
Why?
19. Compare balanced and unbalanced network.
20. Write the expression for determining real, reactive and apparent power in a three phase
circuit
PART-B
1. Find the average value, RMS value, Form factor and Peak factor for the given waveform.
2. Find the average value, RMS value, Form factor and Peak factor for the Sine waveform.
3. A 318μF capacitor is connected across a 230V, 50Hz System. Determine a). Capacitive
Reactance b)power c) RMS Value of current d) voltage equation e) current equation
4. A series circuit of R= 10Ωand Xc =15Ω has an applied phasor voltage V=50∟-90 degVrms.
Find the real power, reactive power, complex power and power factor.
5. A Coil having a resistance of 7Ω and an inductance of 31.8mH is connected series with 230
V 50 Hz supply. Find the circuit current, phase angle, power factor, active power and
apparent power
6. A series circuit has R = 5ohm, L=13mH and C= 140microfarad is supplied with 230V,50Hz,
single phase. Find the impedance , current, power and power factor of the circuit.
7. Three coils each having a resistance of 20Ω and an inductive reactance of 15Ω are
connected in star to a 400V, three phase, 50Hz. Calculate the line current, power factor and
power supplied.
8. A balanced delta connected load of (2+j3)Ω phase connected to a balanced 3Ø 400V supply.
The phase current is 10A. find total active power, reactive power and apparent power.
9. A balanced star connected load of (4+j3)Ω phase connected to a balanced 3Ø 400V supply.
The phase current is 12A. Solve the total active power, reactive power and apparent power.
10. A series R–L–C circuit is connected to a 0.2 V supply and the current is at its maximum
value of 4 mA when the supply frequency is adjusted to 3 kHz. The Q-factor of the circuit
under these conditions is 100. Determine the value of (a) the circuit resistance, (b) the circuit
inductance, (c) the circuit capacitance, and (d) the voltage across the capacitor
11. A series circuit comprises a 10 resistance, a 5 µF capacitor and a variable inductance L. The
supply voltage is 206 0° volts at a frequency of 318.3 Hz. The inductance is adjusted until
the p.d. across the 10 resistance is a maximum. Determine for this condition (a) the value of
inductance L, (b) the p.d. across each component and (c) the Q-factor.
12. For the circuit as shown in Figure find the resonant frequency and current in each branch.

PART-C
1. A coil of resistance 5Ωand inductance 100mH is connected in series with a 200µF
capacitor across a 220V, 50Hz supply. Calculate (i) Inductive reactance (ii) capacitive
reactance (iii) Impedance (iv) current (v) total power (vi) power factor (vii) voltage
across coil and capacitor. Draw the phasor diagram.
 2. Examine the relationship between the line value and phase values in three phase balanced
circuits for star and delta connection with necessary phasor diagrams and equations.
3. A series RLC circuit has a sinusoidal input voltage of maximum voltage of 12V. If
inductance, L=20mH, resistance, R= 80 ohm and Capacitance , C=400nF. Determine the
resonant frequency , the value of power dissipation across the capacitor at the resonant
frequency, the frequency at which the power dissipation across the capacitor is a
maximum and the value of the maximum voltage across the capacitor. Analyze how the
series RLC circuit is used in electronic applications.

UNIT III ELECTRICAL MACHINES

PART-A
1. Mention the motors used in ceiling fan and in lathe machine.
2. State Fleming‟s left hand rule.
3. Classify the various types of dc generators.
4. Mention the significance of back emf.
5. Why DC series motor should be started with load?
6. Mention the functions of commutator and brushes in a d.c machine
7. Express the emf equation of DC generator.
8. Define voltage regulation.
9. List the parts of the transformer.
10. Distinguish between core and shell type transformer
11. Write the emf equation of a single phase transformer
12. Define slip in Induction motor.
13. Classify the single phase induction motor based on starting methods.
14. List out the applications of single phase induction motor.
15. Draw the simple circuit of capacitor start capacitor run motor.
16. Compare squirrel cage and slip ring rotor.
17. Classify Alternator based on the rotor construction.
18. Write about full step mode of operation of stepper motor.
19. List few applications of stepper motor.
20. Mention the disadvantages of brushless DC motor.
PART-B
1. Discuss in detail, the working principle and construction of DC motor with relevant
sketches.
2. Derive the emf equation and explain the working principle of a DC generator.
3. Illustrate the principle of operation of single phase transformer with neat sketch. Derive its
EMF equation.
4. With neat sketch, describe the different three phase transformer connection.
5. Illustrate the working principle of Autotransformer with neat sketch and list out its
advantages and disadvantages.
6. Discuss the different starting methods suitable for single phase induction motor.
7. Illustrate the principle of operation and also explain the types of a three phase induction
motor with a neat diagram
8. With neat sketch explain the construction and principle of operation of an Alternator.
9. With neat sketch explain the construction and principle of operation of a brushless DC
motor.
10. Describe the construction and principle of operation of stepper motor with neat sketch.
PART-C
1. Plot the characteristics of DC shunt motor and DC series motor based on excitation. Also from
the characteristics specify the applications for each motor.
2. Discuss the constructional features of transformers with neat diagrams.
3. Explain using double field revolving field theory, why single phase induction motor is not self
starting. Also describe the starting of single phase induction motor using shaded pole technique
and bring outs its salient features and applications.

UNIT-IV-ELECTRONIC DEVICES & CIRCUITS

PART-A
1. Differentiate between intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors.
2. Define the term Doping
3. What is the depletion region in a PN junction?
4. Discuss the differences between forward bias and reverse bias in a PN junction.
5. List some common applications of a PN diode.
6. Label the V-I characteristics curve for PN diode
7. Define Knee Voltage of a diode.
8. What is avalanche breakdown in a semiconductor diode?
9. List some common applications of a Zener diode
10. Differentiate Zener breakdown and avalanche breakdown.
11. Draw the V-I characteristics curve for Zener diode.
12. Define Early Effect.
13. State Pinch Off Voltage.
14. List the operating Modes of Transistor.
15. Mention the characteristics of an ideal operational amplifier.
 16. Draw the circuital representation of inverting amplifier.
17. Name the different types of Digital to Analog Converters.
18. State the performance parameters of ADC.
19. List the application of DAC.
20. Mention any four types of analog to Digital converter.

PART-B
1. How a PN junction diode is working? Draw and explain V-I characteristics of PN diode with
neat diagrams.
2. Interpret the working of Zener diode in forward and reverse bias conditions. Sketch the VI
characteristics. Explain the mechanism of avalanche breakdown and Zener breakdown.
3. Illustrate the construction of a BJT and demonstrate how its biasing conditions influence its
operation.
4. Explain the construction and working of Bipolar Junction Transistor. Also draw the input and
output characteristics of the common Emitter configuration.
5. Describe the construction and working of Bipolar Junction Transistor. Also draw the input
and output characteristics of the common collector configuration.
6. Compare the operation of inverting and non inverting amplifier. Find the voltage gain of both
the amplifiers.
7. Explain with a neat diagram about the oscillator and discuss its types.
8. Assess the performance of various ADC types and justify their selection for specific
applications such as audio processing or instrumentation.
9. Interpret the operation of Digital-to-Analog Converters (DACs) and explain their types using
appropriate sketches and examples.
10. Construct and explain 4 bit R-2R ladder Digital to Analog converter and list its advantages.
PART-C

1. Analyze the performance of LEDs and LASERs under varying temperature and current
conditions. What implications do these variations have on their reliability in specific
environments?
2. Determine the input and output characteristics of a BJT in different configurations (CE,
CB, CC). How do these characteristics influence their suitability for specific applications?
3. Analyze the role of feedback in amplifiers and oscillators. How does positive feedback in
oscillators differ from negative feedback in amplifiers?
 UNIT-V- MEASUREMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION

PART-A
1. Define transducer.
2. What are the classification of transducer?
3. List the factors for selecting the transducer.
4. Compare active and passive transducer.
5. List any four applications of resistive transducer
6. Mention any two examples of temperature transducers
7. Differentiate between sensors and transducers.
8. List out the limitations of thermistor.
9. Mention the advantages of electro-mechanical measuring instruments.
10. Define instrument.
11. Classify measuring instruments based on the nature of their operation.
12. What is indicating instrument? List three types of indicating instruments.
13. State the advantages of PMMC instruments.
14. Which type of instrument is called a "universal instrument"?
15. State the principle of dynamometer-type wattmeter.
16. How would you use a wattmeter with a compensation coil in a system to measure power
with high accuracy, considering potential external factors?
17. What are instrument transformer?
18. Why are instrument transformers important in electrical measurement and protection
systems?
19. How does deflection sensitivity affect the operation of a Cathode Ray Tube?
20. List the important features of CRT‟s.

PART-B

1. Analyze the working principle of an RTD (Resistance Temperature Detector) and

evaluate its advantages and disadvantages.
2. Illustrate the Electrical Resistance Strain Gauges with a neat diagram.
3. Summarize with neat diagram, the construction and working principle of thermocouple.
4. Illustrate the working principle of a piezoelectric transducer with neat diagram.
5. Describe neatly with a diagram, the working of Photoelectric transducer.
6. Analyze the operating principle and applications of Hall effect sensors with appropriate
diagrams
7. Explain the construction and working of moving coil instruments.
8. Identify the key components and circuit connections in a multimeter, and explain its
operation.
9. Model the working of a dynamometer-type wattmeter with the help of a neat sketch
and explain its operation.
10. Explain in detail about instrument Transformer with neat sketch.
11. Construct a detailed explanation of the working principle of a Digital Storage
Oscilloscope (DSO) with a labelled diagram, and compare its advantages with an
analog Cathode Ray Oscilloscope (CRO).
12. Illustrate in detail about analog storage oscilloscope with a diagram and also explain its
applications and advantages.

PART-C

1. Infer the working principle of a Permanent Magnet Moving Coil (PMMC) measuring
instrument, illustrate it with a labelled diagram, and derive the mathematical expression
for the developed torque.
2. How do the accuracy and performance characteristics of Current Transformers (CT)
and Potential Transformers (PT) vary with respect to the applied voltage and current
levels, and what are the key factors to consider when selecting the appropriate
transformer for a specific measurement or protection application?
3. Analyze the principle behind the robotic and automation system to measure the
position of moving parts with neat diagram.