Year 8

Mathematics
Unit 3 – Student

Name: _____________________

Class: ______________________
 Contents
1 Changing the Subject

1.1 Subject of a Formula

1.2 Addition and Subtraction
1.3 Multiplication and Division
1.4 Addition or Subtraction then Division
1.5 Addition or Subtraction then Multiplication
1.6 Brackets
1.7 Powers and Roots
1.8 Review and Problem Solving

2 Angles in Polygons

2.1 Polygons
2.2 Interior and Exterior Angles
2.3 Interior Angles
2.4 Exterior Angles
2.5 Review and Problem Solving

3 Straight Line Graphs

3.1 Coordinates
3.2 Horizontal and Vertical Lines
3.3 Drawing Straight Line Graphs
3.4 Gradient
3.5 Equation of Straight Line Graphs
3.6 Review and Problem Solving

Page 1
 1 Changing the Subject
A formula is a mathematical equation containing two or more
variables.

Suppose that you have the formula such as 2𝑥 = 3𝑎

!"
We could write this formula as 𝑥 = in which case we would say
#
that 𝑥 is the subject of the formula, or that 𝑥 is given/written in
terms of 𝑎.

Note: 𝑥 is the subject of the formula above as it appears on its own

on one side of an equals sign.

Page 2
 1.1 Subject of a Formula
The subject of a formula is the variable that is being worked out. It
can be recognised as the letter on its own on one side of the equals
sign.

Page 3
 Is a the subject?

𝑎 = 3𝑥 + 1 𝒂 is the subject 𝒂 is the NOT subject

𝑎 + 1 = 3𝑏 + 2 𝒂 is the subject 𝒂 is the NOT subject

4𝑎 = 3𝑏 + 2 𝒂 is the subject 𝒂 is the NOT subject

4𝑏 + 2 = 𝑎 𝒂 is the subject 𝒂 is the NOT subject

𝑎 = 5𝑎 − 7𝑏 + 3 𝒂 is the subject 𝒂 is the NOT subject

𝑎# = 3𝑏 + 2 𝒂 is the subject 𝒂 is the NOT subject

1
𝑎= 𝑏 𝒂 is the subject 𝒂 is the NOT subject
2

7𝑏 + 55𝑐
𝑎= 𝒂 is the subject 𝒂 is the NOT subject
2

𝑏=𝑎 𝒂 is the subject 𝒂 is the NOT subject

𝑎=𝑏 𝒂 is the subject 𝒂 is the NOT subject

𝑎+0=𝑏 𝒂 is the subject 𝒂 is the NOT subject

Page 4
 Fluency Practice
Formula Is 𝐚 the subject?
𝑎 =𝑏+3
𝑏+3=𝑎
𝑎+3=𝑏
𝑎+𝑐 =𝑏
𝑎𝑐 = 𝑏
𝑎 = 𝑏𝑐
𝑎 = 𝑏𝑐 − 6
𝑎 = 𝑏𝑐 − 𝑥
𝑎 = 𝑏𝑐 − 𝑎
𝑎 = 𝑏𝑐 − 𝑎!
−𝑎 = 𝑏 + 3
1
=𝑏+3
𝑎
𝑎! = 𝑏 + 3
𝑎 = 𝑏! + 3
2𝑎 = 𝑏! + 3
𝑎 = 𝑏! + 3

𝑏! + 3
𝑎=
2

𝑏! + 3
=𝑎
2

𝑏! + 3
=𝑎
2𝑎

Page 5
1.2 Addition and Subtraction

Page 6
 Worked Example Your Turn
Make 𝑥 the subject of the Make 𝑥 the subject of the
following formulae: following formulae:
(a) 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 𝑧 (a) 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 𝑘
(b) 𝑦 = 𝑥 − 𝑤 (b) 𝑦 = 𝑥 − 𝑞
(c) 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 𝑟𝑠 (c) 𝑦 = 𝑥 − 𝑎𝑏

Page 7
 Intelligent Practice
Make 𝑥 the subject for each of the following formulae:

1) 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 𝑎

2) 𝑦 = 𝑏 + 𝑥

3) 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 𝑎𝑏𝑐

4) 𝑦 = 𝑑𝑒𝑓 + 𝑥

5) 𝑦 = 𝑥 − 𝑎

6) 𝑦 = −𝑏 + 𝑥

7) 𝑦 = 𝑥 − 𝑎𝑏𝑐

8) 𝑦 = −𝑑𝑒𝑓 + 𝑥

Page 8
1.3 Multiplication and Division

Page 9
 Worked Example Your Turn
Make 𝑥 the subject of the Make 𝑥 the subject of the
following formulae: following formulae:
(a) 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 (a) 𝑦 = 𝑏𝑥
$ $
(b) 𝑦 = %& (b) 𝑦 = "()
$ $
(c) 𝑦 = − (c) 𝑦 = −
' *

Page 10
 Intelligent Practice
Make 𝑥 the subject for each of the following formulae:

1) 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥

2) 𝑦 = −𝑎𝑥

3) 𝑦 = 𝑏𝑐𝑥

4) 𝑦 = −𝑏𝑐𝑥
$
5) 𝑦 =
"

$
6) 𝑦 = −
"

$
7) 𝑦 =
()

$
8) 𝑦 = −
()

Page 11
1.4 Addition or Subtraction then Division

Page 12
 Worked Example Your Turn
Make 𝑥 the subject of the Make 𝑥 the subject of the
following formulae: following formulae:
𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑐 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐

Page 13
 Intelligent Practice
Make 𝑥 the subject for each of the following formulae:

1) 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏

2) 𝑦 = 𝑏 # + 𝑎𝑥

3) 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑐𝑑

4) 𝑦 = 𝑑# 𝑒𝑓 + 𝑎𝑥

5) 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 − 𝑏

6) 𝑦 = − 𝑏 + 𝑎𝑥

7) 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 − 𝑏𝑐𝑑

8) 𝑦 = − 𝑏𝑐𝑑 + 𝑎𝑥

Page 14
1.5 Addition or Subtraction then Multiplication

Page 15
 Worked Example Your Turn
Make 𝑥 the subject of the Make 𝑥 the subject of the
following formulae: following formulae:
$ $
(a) 𝑦 = + 𝑐 (a) 𝑦 = + 𝑐
+ "(
$ # $
(b) 𝑦 = − +𝑐 (b) 𝑦 = − + 𝑒#
,- ).

Page 16
 Intelligent Practice
Make 𝑥 the subject for each of the following formulae:
$
1) 𝑦 = + 𝑐
"

$
2) 𝑦 = − + 𝑐
"

$
3) 𝑦 = −𝑐
"!

$
4) 𝑦 = − −𝑐
"!

$
5) 𝑦 = () + 𝑞𝑟𝑠

$
6) 𝑦 = − − 𝑞𝑟𝑠
()

Page 17
1.6 Brackets

Page 18
 Worked Example Your Turn
Make 𝑥 the subject of the Make 𝑥 the subject of the
following formulae: following formulae:
𝑦 = 𝑝(𝑥 + 𝑞) 𝑦 = 𝑝(𝑥 − 𝑞)

Page 19
 Fluency Practice

Extension:

Page 20
1.7 Powers and Roots

Page 21
 Worked Example Your Turn
Make 𝑎 the subject of the Make 𝑎 the subject of the
following formulae: following formulae:
(a) 2𝑎# = 𝑐 (a) 2(𝑎 + 𝑏)# = 𝑐
(b) 2 𝑎=𝑐 (b) 2 𝑎−𝑏 =𝑐

Page 22
 Intelligent Practice
Make 𝑎 the subject for each of the following formulae:

1) 2𝑎# + 𝑏 = 𝑐 1) 2 𝑎 + 𝑏 = 𝑐

2) 2𝑎# − 𝑏 = 𝑐 2) 2 𝑎 − 𝑏 = 𝑐

3) 6𝑎# − 𝑏 = 𝑐 3) 6 𝑎 − 𝑏 = 𝑐

4) 2 𝑎 − 2𝑏 # +𝑏 =𝑐 4) 2 𝑎 − 2𝑏 + 𝑏 = 𝑐

5) 2 𝑎 + 2𝑏 # −𝑏 =𝑐 5) 2 𝑎 + 2𝑏 − 𝑏 = 𝑐

6) 6 𝑎 + 2𝑏 # −𝑏 =𝑐 6) 6 𝑎 + 2𝑏 − 𝑏 = 𝑐

Page 23
1.8 Review and Problem Solving

Page 24
Fluency Practice

Page 25
Fluency Practice

Page 26
 Intelligent Practice
Make 𝑎 the subject of the following formulae:

1) 2𝑎 = 𝑏 "/#
10) =𝑏
)
"
2) =𝑏 #"
# 11) =𝑏
)

3) 𝑎 + 2 = 𝑏 . "/#
12) =𝑏
)
4) 𝑎 − 2 = 𝑏
"
5) =𝑏
)

"
6) +2=𝑏
)

7) 𝑎𝑐 = 𝑏

8) 𝑎𝑐 − 2 = 𝑏

9) 𝑎𝑐 − 𝑑 = 𝑏

Page 27
Extension

Page 28
Linear Rearrangements

Page 29
Change the Subject – Science Formulae

Page 30
2 Angles in Polygons

Page 31
2.1 Polygons

Page 32
 Frayer Model – Polygon

Definition Characteristics
Literally translates to “many • Made of connected straight
angles”. Generally recognised lines (no gaps)
as a 2D shape made up of 3 or • Flat shape
more connected straight lines.
Examples Non Examples

Page 33
 Frayer Model – Regular Polygon

Definition Characteristics
A polygon with all sides equal • All connected straight sides
sized and all interior angles • All sides equal sized
equal sized. • All angles equal sized
Examples Non Examples

Page 34
Fluency Practice

Page 35
 2.2 Interior and Exterior Angles

• The interior angles of a polygon are on the inside.

• The exterior angles of a polygon are on the outside.

• The interior and exterior angles form a straight line.

Interior Angle + Exterior Angle = 𝟏𝟖𝟎°

Page 36
2.3 Interior Angles

Page 37
 Sum of Interior Angles
Number of Sides Name of Shape Interior Angle Sum

3 Triangle 180°

4 Quadrilateral 360°

5 Pentagon 540°

6 Hexagon 720°

7 Heptagon 900°

8 Octagon 1080°

Note: The polygon can be regular or irregular.

Sum of interior angles of a polygon = 𝒏 − 𝟐 × 𝟏𝟖𝟎°

where 𝒏 is the number of sides on the polygon

Page 38
 Why?
A polygon with n sides can be split into 𝑛 − 2 triangles (with all
triangle angles in the corners), and each triangle’s angles add up to
180°.

e.g.

5 sides
3 triangles
3 × 180° = 540°
So the interior angles in a pentagon sum (add up) to 540°

Page 39
Derivation 1

Page 40
Derivation 2

Page 41
Derivation 3

Page 42
 Worked Example Your Turn
Find the sum of interior angles Find the sum of interior angles
of this polygon. of this polygon.

Page 43
 Find the sum of interior
angles of each polygon

Page 44
Fluency Practice
 Worked Example Your Turn
Find the sum of the interior Find the sum of the interior
angles of a polygon with angles of a polygon with
30 sides. 60 sides.

Page 45
 Fluency Practice
Question 2: Work out the sum of the interior angles for polygons with

(a) 10 sides (b) 14 sides (c) 20 sides (d) 45 sides

(e) 50 sides (f) 80 sides (g) 100 sides (h) 200 sides

Question 3: Work out the number of sides of polygons with these sum of interio

(a) 1260° (b) 2880° (c) 3960° (d) 5040°

(e) 12240° (f) 15840° (g) 2340° (h) 89640°

Question 4: Each of the polygons below are regular.

Calculate the size of each interior angle, x.

(a) (b) (c)

(d) (e) (f)

© CORBETTMATHS 2016 Page 46

 Worked Example Your Turn
Find angle 𝑥. Find angle 𝑥.

Page 47
 Find the angle marked
x in each shape x 140o
125o 91o

155o 120o 300o

140o 160o
125o 135o 60o 235o 140o
x
175o x
135o 159o x
166o
149o
143o
100o 130o x
144o
151o 172o

Page 48
140o
167o
142o
141o
Fluency Practice

63o
143o 143o x
213o 158o
263o 213o
243o 203o
113o
143o 141o 96o
143o 63o
 Workout Click here Scan here
Fluency Practice
Question 1: Find the missing angle in each irregular polygon

(a) (b) (c)

(d) (e) (f)

(g) (h) (i)

(j) (k) (l)

Angles in Polygons
Videos 32 on Corbettmaths

(m) (n)

© CORBETTMATHS 2016

Question 2: Work out the sum of the interior angles for polygons with

(a) 10 sides (b) 14 sides (c)Page

20 sides
49 (d) 45 sides

(e) 50 sides (f) 80 sides (g) 100 sides (h) 200 sides
 Worked Example Your Turn
The sum of the interior angles of The sum of the interior angles of
a polygon is 3240°. a polygon is 6840°.
How many sides does the How many sides does the
polygon have? polygon have?

Page 50
(a) 10 sides (b) 14 sides (c) 20 sides (d) 45 sides

(e) 50 sides Fluency(g)Practice

(f) 80 sides 100 sides (h) 200 sides

Question 3: Work out the number of sides of polygons with these sum of interior angles

(a) 1260° (b) 2880° (c) 3960° (d) 5040°

(e) 12240° (f) 15840° (g) 2340° (h) 89640°

Question 4: Each of the polygons below are regular.

Calculate the size of each interior angle, x.

(a) (b) (c)

(d) (e) (f)

© CORBETTMATHS 2016

Page 51
 The diagrams are not drawn accurately
1 Find the sum of the interior angles in each polygon
a 12 sides b 15 sides c 18 sides d 22 sides e 25 sides f 30 sides g 52 sides h 120 sides

2 Find the value of x 101 ° 305 °

68 ° 35 °
a b x c 94 ° d e x f x
129 ° x 124 ° 146 °
158 ° 158 ° 154 ° 59 °
117 ° 135 °
117 ° 132 ° 41 °
149 ° 151 ° 94 °
63 ° 123 ° x 95 °
59 ° 95 ° x 132 ° 43 ° 135 °
329 ° 261 °

3 Find the number of sides each polygons has, given the sum of the interior angles

Page 52
a 1800 ° b 1980 ° c 3060 ° d 3240 ° e 3780 ° f 5940 ° g 9720 ° h 14220 °
4 54 ° 5 Find the value of x (and y)
x 3x+20
The polygon has one line of a b 2x+35 x+65 c 2x+55
Fluency Practice

x-5
symmetry. 58 ° 65 ° x+10 x+15 2x+45 3y-x
2x-10
Find the value of x. 7x-y
4x
x+25 3x x+y
256 ° x-20 2y
136 ° x-15
2.4 Exterior Angles

Page 53
 Sum of Exterior Angles

Note: The polygon can be regular or irregular.

Sum of exterior angles of a polygon = 𝟑𝟔𝟎°

Page 54
 Why?

Why?
All the exterior angles can fit around a point, and angles around a
point add up to 360°.

Page 55
 Worked Example Your Turn
Find angle 𝑥 Find angle 𝑥

Page 56
 130o
Find the angle 1)
2) 75o
marked x in 60o
70o
each question
x
80o
25o x
70o
60o
3)
4)
x
x 140o
75o 120o

35o

60o

Page 57
6)
125o
5) x 50o
Fluency Practice

7)
55o 110o
65o
70o
50o 65o
60o x x
100o
 Worked Example Your Turn
Find angle 𝑥 Find angle 𝑥

Page 58
 130o
Find the angle 1) 80o 60o x
marked x in Diagrams
each question 2) not to
scale
x
60o
110o
3)
x 70o
4) x
110o 5) 75o
120o
x
120o

50o 30o

Page 59
120o
70o 70o 75o

55o
Fluency Practice

6) 7)
x
25o 120o 120o
45o
60o 120o
x
95o
 Find the value
of x in each ('# − '))°
question
("#)° (*)) − #)°
#
(,) − )°
# &
(&#)°
(&#)°

+'° (') − #)°

("#)° #
( − *')°
&

*+)°

Page 60
0 (). +#)°
(# + "))° ( #)°
"
*
(*&) + #)°
"
Fluency Practice

(.#)° 0#
( )° &#
# " ( )°
("*#)° (*./ − )° '
'
*')°
0 (&# − .))°
( #)°
(/# − &')° '
 Worked Example Your Turn
A regular polygon has 12 sides. A regular polygon has 48 sides.
Find the size of each exterior Find the size of each exterior
angle. angle.

Page 61
(i) 72 sides
Fluency Practice
(j) 80 sides (k) 90 sides (l) 100 sides

Question 6: Each of the polygons below are regular.

Calculate the size of each exterior angle, y.

(a) (b) (c)

(d) (e) (f)

Question 7: Calculate the size of each exterior angle in regular polygons with

(a) 15 sides (b) 18 sides (c) 20 sides (d) 24 sides

(e) 30 sides (f) 36 sides (g) 40 sides (h) 45 sides

(i) 60 sides (j) 72 sides (k) 90 sides (l) 200 sides

Question 8: Shown below is one interior angle from regular polygons.

Calculate how many sides the polygons have.

(a) (b) (c)

(d) (e) (f)

© CORBETTMATHS 2016
Page 62
 Fluency Practice
Question 7: Calculate the size of each exterior angle in regular polygons with

(a) 15 sides (b) 18 sides (c) 20 sides (d) 24 sides

(e) 30 sides (f) 36 sides (g) 40 sides (h) 45 sides

(i) 60 sides (j) 72 sides (k) 90 sides (l) 200 sides

Question 8: Shown below is one interior angle from regular polygons.

Calculate how many sides the polygons have.

(a) (b) (c)

(d) (e) (f)

© CORBETTMATHS 2016

Page 63
 Worked Example Your Turn
A regular polygon has 12 sides. A regular polygon has 48 sides.
Find the size of each interior Find the size of each interior
angle. angle.

Page 64
(e) 12240°
Fluency Practice
(f) 15840° (g) 2340° (h) 89640°

Question 4: Each of the polygons below are regular.

Calculate the size of each interior angle, x.

(a) (b) (c)

(d) (e) (f)

© CORBETTMATHS 2016

Page 65
!

Angles in Polygons
Fluency Practice
Videos 32 on Corbettmaths
Question 5: Calculate the size of each interior angle in regular polygons with

(a) 15 sides (b) 20 sides (c) 24 sides (d) 30 sides

(e) 36 sides (f) 40 sides (g) 50 sides (h) 60 sides

(i) 72 sides (j) 80 sides (k) 90 sides (l) 100 sides

Question 6: Each of the polygons below are regular.

Calculate the size of each exterior angle, y.

(a) (b) (c)

(d) (e) (f)

Question 7: Calculate the size of each exterior angle in regular polygons with

(a) 15 sides (b) 18 sides (c) 20 sides (d) 24 sides

(e) 30 sides (f) 36 sides (g) 40 sides (h) 45 sides

(i) 60 sides (j) 72 sides (k) 90 sides (l) 200 sides

Question 8: Shown below is one interior angle from regular polygons.

Calculate how many sides the polygons have.
Page 66

(a) (b) (c)

 Worked Example Your Turn
A section of a two different A section of a two different
regular polygons are show regular polygons are show
below. How many sides do they below. How many sides do they
each have? each have?

Page 67
 Diagrams
Each question shows part of 1) 2) not to
a regular polygon and an
40o
scale
interior or exterior angle.
3o
For questions 1 to 6, find the
4)
number of sides. For
60o 6)
questions 7 to 10, find the
perimeter of the shape in cm.
3) 172o
There is one question 5) 6o
that is an ambiguous 45o
case. Which question
is it and why is it the 7)
only possible
ambiguous case?
36o 8) 165o
7mm

Page 68
9)

15cm
18o 10) A regular polygon that has an edge length
Fluency Practice

o
of 2mm and an interior angle of 186 Ambiguous
3m
a perimeter of 180cm and an An adjective that
11) A regular polygon has
o means something is
exterior angle of 10 . How long is each edge in cm?
open to more than
one interpretation.
A regular polygon has a perimeter of 12m and an
From the Latin:
12) interior angle of 171o. How long is each edge in cm?
ambi (both ways)
and agere (to drive).
 x 200o
x
100o
330o

260o 210o
230o In each
question,
110o find
missing
50o angle x.
x

Page 69
135o
100o
Fluency Practice

300o
275o
60o

250o x
 Worked Example Your Turn
The interior angle of a regular The interior angle of a regular
polygon is 160°. polygon is 140°.
How many sides does the How many sides does the
polygon have? polygon have?

Page 70
(i) 60 sides (j) 72 sides (k) 90 sides (l) 200 sides
Fluency Practice
Question 8: Shown below is one interior angle from regular polygons.
Calculate how many sides the polygons have.

(a) (b) (c)

(d) (e) (f)

© CORBETTMATHS 2016

Page 71
 Worked Example Your Turn
The size of each interior angle of The size of each interior angle of
a regular polygon is 9 times the a regular polygon is 11 times
size of each exterior angle. How the size of each exterior angle.
many sides does the polygon How many sides does the
have? polygon have?

Page 72
 Worked Example Your Turn
These are regular polygons. These are regular polygons.
Find 𝑥 Find 𝑥

Page 73
 Apply Extension
Question 1: In each diagram below, two regular polygons are shown.
Calculate x.
(a) (b) (c) (d)

Question 2: Shown is a regular pentagon.

Find y.

Question 3: A regular polygon has 18 sides.

Calculate the size of each interior angle.

Question 4: A regular polygon has 30 sides.

Calculate the size of each interior angle.

Question 5: Explain why this cannot be an interior angle from regular polygons.

Question 6: A polygon has an interior angle that is Vive times larger than the exterior angle.
How many sides does it have?

Question 7: Explain why regular hexagons tessellate.

Question 8: Explain why regular pentagons do not tessellate.

Answers

Click here Scan here

© CORBETTMATHS 2016

Page 74
 The diagrams are not drawn accurately
1 Find the value of x 102 ° 305 °
39 ° x 149 °
x 71 ° 45 ° 52 ° 68 ° x 35 °
a b 64 °
c d e f
87 ° x
54 ° 29 ° 32 °
46 ° 34 ° 59 °
63 ° 61 ° 137 ° x
116 ° 82 ° 58 ° 34 ° 64 ° 68 ° 41 °
x 46 ° 75 ° 261 °

2 Calculate the size of one exterior angle in each regular polygon

x
x
a b c d e f
x
x x
x

g 15 sides h 18 sides i 20 sides j 24 sides k 30 sides l 60 sides m 120 sides n 180 sides

Page 75
3 Calculate the number of sides in each regular polygon
a Exterior angle = 15° a Exterior angle = 60° c Exterior angle = 5° d Exterior angle = 12° e Exterior angle = 4° f Exterior angle = 45°
g Exterior angle = 7 5° h Exterior angle = 11 25° i Interior angle = 168° j Interior angle = 156° k Interior angle = 108° l Interior angle = 175 5°
Fluency Practice

4 5 6
The diagram shows a regular nonagon a A regular polygon has interior angles 4 a Regular polygon A has 12 sides and exterior angles of 6x.
and an isosceles triangle. times larger than its exterior angles. Regular polygon B has exterior angles of 4x.
Find the value of x. Calculate the number of sides. Find the number of sides polygon B has.
x
b A regular polygon has interior angles 6 5 b Regular polygon C has 20 sides and exterior angles of 2x.
times larger than its exterior angles. Regular polygon D has exterior angles of 5x.
Calculate the number of sides. Find the number of sides polygon D has.
 The diagrams are not drawn accurately
1 Calculate the sum of the interior angles in each polygon
a 7 sides b 11 sides c 17 sides d 23 sides e 50 sides f 95 sides
2 Calculate the size of one interior angle in each regular polygon
a b c x d e x f
x x
x x

g 15 sides h 18 sides i 20 sides j 24 sides k 30 sides l 60 sides m 120 sides n 360 sides
3 All the polygons are regular and meet at a point. Find the value of x
x
x
a b x c d x e f
x

Page 76
x

4 All the polygons are regular. Find the value of x 5

a b c x d The diagram shows two overlapping,
Fluency Practice

x x
x regular nonagons.
Find the value of x.
x
e f g h
x x
x x
2.5 Review and Problem Solving

Page 77
 Worked Example Your Turn
a) Calculate the sum of the a) Calculate the sum of the
interior angles of a hexagon. interior angles of a
pentagon.

b) Calculate the size of one b) Calculate the size of one

interior angle of a regular interior angle of regular
hexagon. pentagon.

c) The sum of the interior c) The sum of the interior

angles of a polygon is 2700°. angles of a polygon is 2160°.
Calculate the number of Calculate the number of
sides. sides.

Page 78
 Fill in the Gaps

Size of one interior

Number of Sum of interior
angle in a regular
sides angles
polygon

3 180°

360°

10 144°

1800° 150°

13 1980°

14

2700°

Page 79
 Worked Example Your Turn
a) What is the total of the a) What is the total of the
interior angles of a 9- sided interior angles of a 14- sided
shape? shape?

b) Calculate the size of an b) Calculate the size of an

interior angle in a regular interior angle in a regular
octagon. pentagon.

c) A regular polygon has an c) A regular polygon has an

exterior angle of 12°. How exterior angle of 10°. How
many sides does it have? many sides does it have?

Page 80
 Size of One Size of One
Number of Sum of Interior Interior Angle Exterior Angle
Name
Angles Angles in a Regular in a Regular
Polygon Polygon

360° 90°

Octagon 45°

Hexadecagon 2520°

Page 81
Pentadecagon 15 156°
Fill in the Gaps

72°

720° 120°

12

360°
1620°
11
Ratio and Polygon Angles

Page 82
Regular Polygons with Algebra

Page 83
Regular Polygon Angles

Page 84
Regular Polygon Angles

Page 85
3 Straight Line Graphs

Page 86
 3.1 Coordinates
Coordinates are pair of numbers written in the
form (𝑥, 𝑦) where 𝑥 is the amount moved horizontally, and 𝑦 the
amount moved vertically from the origin on a graph. The two
values are referred to, in order, as the 𝑥-coordinate and the
𝑦-coordinate.

Page 87
 Worked Example Your Turn
Plot the coordinates: Plot the coordinates:
(2, 5) (3, 4)
(2, −5) (3, −4)
−2, 5 −3, 4
(−2, −5) (−3, −4)

Page 88
 Workout Fluency
Click Practice
here

Question 1: Write down the coordinates of the points A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H.

Question 2: Make a copy of the grid shown and then plot the points:

(a) A (3, 1)
(b) B (2, 5)
(c) C (5, 4)
(d) D (1, 1)
(e) E (4, 0)
(f) F (0, 1)
(g) G (3, 3)
(h) H (0, 0)

Question 3: Write down the coordinates of the points A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H.

Coordinates
© CORBETTMATHS 2018 Videos 84 and 85 on www.corbettmaths.com

Question 4: Make a copy of the grid shown and then plot the points:

(a) A (1, 4)
(b) B (−1, 1)
(c) C (−3, −4)
(d) D (2, −1)
(e) E (−2, 0)
(f) F (−1, −2)
(g) G (3, −2)
(h) H (0, −4)
(i) I (−2, 2)
(j) J (−4, −1)
(k) K (0, 1)

Apply
Page 89

Question 1: Three points are shown on a grid.

(k) K (0, 1)

Apply Extension

Question 1: Three points are shown on a grid.

ABCD is a rectangle.

(a) Plot D
(b) Write down the coordinates of the point D

Question 2: Two points are shown on a grid

ABC is an isosceles triangle.

(a) Plot C
(b) Write down the coordinates of the point C

Question 3: Make a copy of the grid shown.

(a) Plot the point A (−3, −2)

(b) Plot the point B (1, −2)
(c) Plot the point C (3, 1)
(d) Plot the point D (−1 , 1)
(e) What type of quadrilateral is ABCD?

© CORBETTMATHS 2018

Page 90
!

Coordinates
Extension
Videos 84 and 85 on www.corbettmaths.com

For each question 4-5 below, you will need copies of this grid.

Question 4: (a) Plot the following coordinates

(3, 0) (−3, −2) (1, −4) (1, 2) (−3, 0) (−1, −4) (3, −2) (−1, 2)

(b) Join the shapes to make a polygon.

(c) Name the polygon that you have drawn.

Question 5: (a) Plot the coordinates A (−4, 1), B (1, −2) and C (2, 1)
(b) ABCD is a kite.
(c) Plot D
(d) Write down the coordinates of the point D.

Question 6: James has been asked to plot the coordinates A (−3, 2), B (0, 2), C (−1, −4) and
D (4, −4)

Can you spot any mistakes?

Answers iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
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iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
Page 91
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
© CORBETTMATHS 2018 Click here
Quadrilaterals and Coordinates

Page 92
Quadrilaterals and Coordinates

Page 93
 3.2 Horizontal and Vertical Lines
Graphs of the form 𝑦 = 𝑐 and 𝑥 = 𝑐, will either be a horizontal or
vertical line.

Page 94
 Horizontal and Vertical Lines

What do these coordinates have in common?

What is different?

What do these coordinates have in

common?
What is different?

Page 95
 Horizontal and Vertical Lines
The relationship of the shared characteristic between points can be
written as an equation.

All of these points have a y

coordinate of 5.

The straight line can be described

as y = 5 because this is true for
every point on the line.

The relationship of the shared characteristic between points can be

written as an equation.

All of these points have an x

coordinate of 1.

The straight line can be described

as ______ because this is true for
every point on the line.

Page 96
 Worked Example Your Turn
Find the equation of the line: Find the equation of the line:

Page 97
 Worked Example Your Turn
Find the equation of the line: Find the equation of the line:

Page 98
 Horizontal and Vertical Lines
Which of these lines can be described as ‘x = ___’ or ‘y = ___’?
How many can you ‘name’?
Why can’t some of the lines be written as ‘x = ___’ or ‘y = ___’?

Page 99
 Fluency Practice
Vertical and horizontal lines.

1) Fill in the boxes with the equations of the straight lines.

2) Write the equation of the line that all of the 4) A point has the coordinates of (3, -5).
following points will fall on. (a) What are the equations of the horizontal
and vertical lines that this point is on?
(a) (4, 5), (4, 9), (4,0), (4,-3)

(b) (-10, 2), (173, 2), (10,2), (-0.3,2)

(b) The line is vertical. Which of those two
(c) (4.3, 0.1), (0, 0.1), (-9, 0.1) equations from (a) will it be?

! ! ! !
(d) (− , 10), (− , -3), (− , 0.5), (− , -0.1)
" " " "

5) A shape is made by the area enclosed by the

lines x = 1, x = 9, y = 2 and y = 5.
(a) What is the shape?
3) Thinking carefully about the coordinates can
you find the equation of…
(b) What is the area of the shape?
(a) The x-axis

(b) The y-axis

Page 100
 Fluency Practice
6) Write down the equation of the straight line 7) There is a rectangle below with a side
that would make the enclosed shape a square. missing. If the area of the rectangle is 24cm2,
what will be the equation of the missing line?

Page 101
 3.3 Drawing Straight Line Graphs
A linear equation is drawn as a straight line on a set of axes.

To draw the graph we need coordinates.

We generate these coordinates by substituting values into the

linear equation.

Page 102
 Worked Example Your Turn
Plot the graph of Plot the graph of
𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 1 𝑦 = 4𝑥 + 2
for the values −2 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2 for the values −2 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2

𝑥 𝑥
𝑦 𝑦

Page 103
 Worked Example Your Turn
Plot the graph of Plot the graph of
𝑦 = −2𝑥 + 1 𝑦 = −4𝑥 − 2
for the values −2 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2 for the values −2 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2

𝑥 𝑥
𝑦 𝑦

Page 104
 Completing a Table of Values Worksheet
Fluency Practice
Complete each of the tables of values below.

1) y = 2x + 3 2) y = 2x + 4

x -2 -1 0 1 2 x -2 -1 0 1 2
y y

3) y = 2x + 5 4) y = 3x + 5

x -2 -1 0 1 2 x -2 -1 0 1 2
y y

5) y = 3x + 1 6) y = 3x - 1

x -2 -1 0 1 2 x -2 -1 0 1 2
y y

7) y = 3x - 2 8) y = 3x - 3

x -2 -1 0 1 2 x -2 -1 0 1 2
y y

9) y = 3x - 5 10) y = 4x - 5

x -2 -1 0 1 2 x -2 -1 0 1 2
y y

11) y = -4x - 5 12) y = -2x - 5

x -2 -1 0 1 2 x -2 -1 0 1 2
y y

13) y = -½x - 5 14) y = ½x + ¾

x -2 -1 0 1 2 x -2 -1 0 1 2
y y

Page 105
 Worked Example Your Turn
Plot the graph of Plot the graph of
2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 8 2𝑥 − 𝑦 = 8
for the values −2 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2 for the values −2 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2

𝑥 𝑥
𝑦 𝑦

Page 106
 Worked Example Your Turn
Plot the graph of Plot the graph of
𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 8 𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 8
for the values −2 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2 for the values −2 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2

𝑥 𝑥
𝑦 𝑦

Page 107
Fluency Practice

Page 108
Extension

Page 109
 Intelligent Practice
Recognising Relationships between Linear Graphs
Plot each pair of linear graphs on the axes given.
Write a sentence about what you notice about each pair of lines.

1) On the axes on the right, plot the graphs of

! = 2$ + 1 and
! = 3$ + 1

Table of values of ( = )* + +
x -2 -1 0 1 2
y

Table of values of ( = ,* + +
x -2 -1 0 1 2
y

2) On the axes on the right, plot the graphs of

! = 2$ − 1 and
! = 2$ − 2

Table of values of ( = )* − +
x -2 -1 0 1 2
y

Table of values of ( = )* − )
x -2 -1 0 1 2
y

3) On the axes on the right, plot the graphs of

! = −2$ and
! = −2$ + 1

Table of values of ( = −)*

x -2 -1 0 1 2
y

Table of values of ( = −)* + +

x -2 -1 0 1 2
y

Page 110
 Intelligent Practice
4) On the axes on the right, plot the graphs of
!
! = " $ and
! = 2$

#
Table of values of ( = $ *
x -2 -1 0 1 2
y

Table of values of ( = )*
x -2 -1 0 1 2
y

5) On the axes on the right, plot the graphs of

#
( = − $ * and
( = −)*
You need to draw your own tables of values form now on.

6) On the axes on the right, plot the graphs of

!
! = " $ + 1 and
! = −2$ + 3

7) On the axes on the right, plot the graphs of

%
! = & $ + 1 and
&
! =− $+3
%

EXTENSION:
Generalise the conclusions you have made from the questions above. What do you
notice? Can you give another pair of equations that follow the same rule?

Page 111
 3.4 Gradient
The gradient tells us how steep a line is, therefore the bigger the
gradient the steeper the line is.

A positive gradient is a straight line which slopes up to the right.

A negative gradient is a straight line which slopes down to the right.

Page 112
 Possible answers:
! !
, 5, − , −5
" "

−10
50 −10 ÷ 50 = =
= −50
10
−50 10 ÷ −50 =
−50 ÷ 10 = =
10
10 ÷ 50 =
−50 ÷ −10 = 50
=
−10

Page 113
10
10
Starter

=
= 50
−50 50
− =
10 −50
−10 =
= −10
50 50 ÷ 10 =
10
−10 ÷ −50 = 50 ÷ −10 = − =
50
 Gradient
Word
Gradient
Word Noun
class
Definition 1. an inclined part of a road or railway; a slope.
2. an increase or decrease in the magnitude of a
property (e.g. temperature, pressure, or
concentration) observed in passing from one point or
moment to another.
Example “The car has fail-safe brakes for use on steep gradients.
Synonyms Slope, incline
Origins From the Latin ‘gradus’, meaning step.

Page 114
 Worked Example Your Turn
Calculate the gradient between Calculate the gradient between
the coordinates: the coordinates:
a) (−2, −1) and (5, 7) a) −4, 2 and (6, 8)
b) (2, −1) and (−5, −7) b) −4, 2 and (−6, −8)

Page 115
 Worked Example Your Turn
Find the gradient of: Find the gradient of:

Page 116
 Worked Example Your Turn
Find the gradient of: Find the gradient of:

Page 117
 Worked Example Your Turn
Find the gradient of: Find the gradient of:

Page 118
 Workout Fluency
Click here Practice

Question 1: Find the gradient of each of these lines

(a) (b) (c)

(d) (e) (f)

(g) (h) (i)

© CORBETTMATHS 2019

Page 119
!

Gradient
Fluency Practice
Videos 189 and 190 on www.corbettmaths.com

Question 2: Draw lines with the following gradients

(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 7 (d) −1

(e) −3 (f) −5 (g) (h) 10

Question 3: Find the gradient of each of these lines

(a) (b) (c)

(d) (e) (f)

Question 4: Draw lines with the following gradients

(a) (b) (c) (d)

(e) (f) (g) (h)

© CORBETTMATHS 2019

Page 120
!

Gradient
Videos 189 and 190 onPractice
Fluency www.corbettmaths.com
Question 5: Find the gradient of each of these lines
(a) (b) (c)

(d) (e) (f)

Question 6: Find the gradient of each line shown below

(a) (b) (c)

(d) (e) (f)

© CORBETTMATHS 2019

Page 121
!

Gradient
Fluency
Videos 189 Practice
and 190 on www.corbettmaths.com
(g) (h) (i)

Question 7: Work out the gradient of the line passing through these pairs of points
(a) (1, 4) and (3, 10) (b) (0, 0) and (3, 12) (c) (5, −2) and (9, 14)
(d) (−8, 6) and (0, −2) (e) (−5, −9) and (1, 3) (f) (−7, −2) and (1, −4)
(g) (−2, 1) and (8, −7) (h) (−2, 9) and (4, 7) (i) (−4.5, 3) and (6, −7.5)

Apply

Question 1: Alisha says that the gradient of the line is 2.

Explain her mistake.

Question 2: Find the gradient of the line passing

through the points (4a, −a) and (6a, 5a)

Question 3: The line passing through (5, −2) and (8, c) has a gradient of 3.
Find c.
Question 4: The line passing through (−8, −9) and (−2, h) has a gradient of 4.
Find h.
Question 5: The line passing through (3, −4) and (m, 10) has a gradient of 2.
Find m.
Question 6: The line passing through (−2, 5) and (2, n) has a gradient of −½
Find n.
Question 7: The line passing through (1, p) and (5, 1) has a gradient of 0.75
Find p.
Question 8: Find the equation of the line shown

Page 122
© CORBETTMATHS 2019
 Worked Example Your Turn
The gradient connecting the two The gradient connecting the two
points (2𝑎, 5) and (7𝑎, 8) is 6. points (3𝑎, 7) and (5𝑎, 12) is 6.
Solve for 𝑎. Solve for 𝑎.

Page 123
 Worked Example Your Turn
The gradient connecting the two The gradient connecting the two
points (2, 10) and (5, d) is 4. points (-3, -10) and (2, d) is 12.
Solve for d. Solve for d.

Page 124
(a) (1, 4) and (3, 10) (b) (0, 0) and (3, 12) (c) (5, −2) and (9, 14)
(d) (−8, 6) and (0, −2)
(g) (−2, 1) and (8, −7)
Fluency Practice
(e) (−5, −9) and (1, 3)
(h) (−2, 9) and (4, 7)
(f) (−7, −2) and (1, −4)
(i) (−4.5, 3) and (6, −7.5)

Apply

Question 1: Alisha says that the gradient of the line is 2.

Explain her mistake.

Question 2: Find the gradient of the line passing

through the points (4a, −a) and (6a, 5a)

Question 3: The line passing through (5, −2) and (8, c) has a gradient of 3.
Find c.
Question 4: The line passing through (−8, −9) and (−2, h) has a gradient of 4.
Find h.
Question 5: The line passing through (3, −4) and (m, 10) has a gradient of 2.
Find m.
Question 6: The line passing through (−2, 5) and (2, n) has a gradient of −½
Find n.
Question 7: The line passing through (1, p) and (5, 1) has a gradient of 0.75
Find p.
Question 8: Find the equation of the line shown

© CORBETTMATHS 2019

Page 125
 3.5 Equation of Straight Line Graphs
Straight line graphs can be written in the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑐,
where 𝑚 is the gradient, or steepness of the graph and 𝑐 is the 𝑦-
intercept of the graph, where the graph cuts through the 𝑦-axis.

Page 126
 Gradient
𝒚 = 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑

Let us look at different ways to present information about the

gradient.

• …goes through (0, 3) and has a gradient of 𝟐

• …goes through (0, 3) and each time you move 𝟏 unit to the
right, you need to move 𝟐 units up to find the line again

• …goes through (0, 3) and each time you move 𝟐 units to the
right, you need to move 𝟒 units up to find the line again

• …goes through (0, 3) and each time you move 𝟓 units to the
right, you need to move 𝟏𝟎 units up to find the line again

• …goes through (0, 3) and 𝟏, 𝟓

• …goes through (0, 3) and (𝟐, 𝟕)

• …goes through (0, 3) and (𝟓, 𝟏𝟑)

• …goes through (0, 3) and (−𝟖, −𝟏𝟑)

Page 127
 𝒚-intercept
𝒚 = 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑

Let us look at different ways to present information about the

𝒚-intercept.

• …has a gradient of 2 and 𝒚-intercept of 𝟑

• …has a gradient of 2 and crosses the 𝒚-axis at 𝟑

• …has a gradient of 2 and goes through (𝟎, 𝟑)

• …has a gradient of 2 and 𝒚 = 𝟑 when 𝒙 = 𝟎

• …has a gradient of 2 and goes through (𝟏, 𝟓)

• …has a gradient of 2 and goes through (−𝟏, 𝟏)

• …has a gradient of 2 and goes through (−𝟐, −𝟏)

• …has a gradient of 2 and goes through (𝟏𝟕, 𝟑𝟕)

Page 128
 Equation
𝒚 = 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑

Let us look at more abstract ways to present information about the

line.

• …goes through (2,7) and (6,15)

• …goes through (−4, −5) and (6,15)

• …goes through (−4, −5) and (−10, −17)

• …goes through (0,3), (𝑎, 𝑏) and (𝑎 + 3, 𝑏 + 6)

• …goes through (4,7), (𝑎 − 2, 𝑏 + 1) and (𝑎 + 1, 𝑏 + 7)

Page 129
 Worked Example Your Turn
𝑦 = 2𝑥 − 1 𝑦 = 3𝑥 − 4

Gradient: Gradient:

𝑦-intercept: 𝑦-intercept:

𝑦 = −2𝑥 + 6 𝑦 = −3𝑥 + 6

Gradient: Gradient:

𝑦-intercept: 𝑦-intercept:

2𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 6 3𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 6

Gradient: Gradient:

𝑦-intercept: 𝑦-intercept:

Page 130
Question 10: Find the equation of the straight line that passes through these pa
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Workout iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
(a) (2, 5) and (4, 11) Fluency Practice
(b)Click (−4, 2) here
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and (1, 7) (c) (−5, −8) and (−4, −4)
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
Question
(d) (−1, 1:
−2) Write down
and (−6, 3) the gradient
(e) (−6, of −4) eachandof(−3, these2)lines. (f) (3, 5) and (4, 1)

(a) y = 3x + 1 (b) y = 2x − 5 (c) y = 7x + 4 (d) y = 10x + 5

(g) (−5, 4) and (5, 2) (h) (1, 6) and (5, 4) (i) (−10, −5) and (−7, 4)
(e) y = x − 2 (f) y = 6x (g) y = −4x + 3 (h) y = −3x − 7

Question
(i) 11: Find the
(j) coordinates where the following lines cross the x-axis

(a) y = 2x + 6 (b) y = −x + 4 (c) y = 3x + 9

Question 2: Write down where each of these lines cross the y-axis (y-intercept)
(d)
(a) yy==2x
x −+ 53 (b) y = 7x(e)
+ 1 y = 4x (c)
+ 1y = 3x − 2 (f)(d)y y==−2x
x−+5 10

(g)
(e) yy ==2x
−4x − 10 (h)+ 6y = 5x(g)
(f) y = −4x + 3y = −5x − 3 (i)(h)y y= =½x +3
−3x

(j)
(i) x + y = 8 (j) (k) 4x + 2y + 7 = 0 (l) 3x + 2y − 8 = 0

Question 3: Write down the equation of the lines below

Question 12: Find the gradients and the y-intercepts of each of these lines
(a) gradient of 3 and y−intercept of 6 (b) gradient of 2 and y−intercept of −1
(a) x + y = 10 (b) x − y = 4 (c) 2x + y = 6
(c) gradient of −4 and y−intercept of 3 (d) gradient of 8 and y−intercept of 4
(d) 3x − y = −1 (e) 8x + 2y + 9 = 0 (f) 5x − 2y − 4 = 0
(e) gradient of 1 and passing though (0, 4) (f) passing through (0, −2) with gradi
(g)
(g) 7x = 1 − 2y
gradient of −5 and passing(h) 15y −the
through 6xorigin.
=8 (i) ⅔x + 2y = 5

(j) ⅕y − 4:
Question ½x = 1 (k) ⅔x + ¾y = 1½

(a)CORBETTMATHS
© Does the point (2, 5) lie on the line y = 3x − 1 ?
2019
(b) Does the point (4, 1) lie on the line y = 3x + 1 ?

(c) Does the point (3, 1) lie on the line y = x − 3 ?

(d) Does the point (5, 7) lie on the line y = −3x + 22 ?

(e) Does the point (−4, −8) lie on the line y = −2x ?

(f) Does the point (−1, 8) lie on the line y = 2x + 11 ?

(g) Does the point (12, 60) lie on the line y = 7x − 18 ?

© CORBETTMATHS 2019
Page 131
 Worked Example Your Turn
Write in the form y= 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑐 Write in the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑐
the line with: the line with:

Gradient 2 and 𝑦-intercept 3 Gradient 3 and 𝑦-intercept 4

# 0
Gradient and 𝑦-intercept −3 Gradient − and 𝑦-intercept −1
! 1

! !
Gradient − # and 𝑦-intercept 0 Gradient 2 and 𝑦-intercept 0

Gradient 0 and 𝑦-intercept 4 Gradient 0 and 𝑦-intercept −5

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 Discussion
What about the equation of a straight line with gradient ∞?

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(e) y = 2x (f) y = −4x + 6 (g) y = −5x − 3 (h) y = −3x

(i) (j)
Fluency Practice
Question 3: Write down the equation of the lines below

(a) gradient of 3 and y−intercept of 6 (b) gradient of 2 and y−intercept of −1

(c) gradient of −4 and y−intercept of 3 (d) gradient of 8 and y−intercept of 4

(e) gradient of 1 and passing though (0, 4) (f) passing through (0, −2) with gradient 4

(g) gradient of −5 and passing through the origin.

Question 4:

(a) Does the point (2, 5) lie on the line y = 3x − 1 ?

(b) Does the point (4, 1) lie on the line y = 3x + 1 ?

(c) Does the point (3, 1) lie on the line y = x − 3 ?

(d) Does the point (5, 7) lie on the line y = −3x + 22 ?

(e) Does the point (−4, −8) lie on the line y = −2x ?

(f) Does the point (−1, 8) lie on the line y = 2x + 11 ?

(g) Does the point (12, 60) lie on the line y = 7x − 18 ?

© CORBETTMATHS 2019

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 Worked Example Your Turn
Find the equation of: Find the equation of:

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 Worked Example Your Turn
Find the equation of: Find the equation of:

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 Worked Example Your Turn
Find the equation of: Find the equation of:

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!

Equation of a Line
Fluency Practice
Videos 191, 194, 195 on www.corbettmaths.com
Question 5: Find the equation of each line
(a) (b) (c)

(d) (e) (f)

(g) (h) (i)

(j) (k) (l)

© CORBETTMATHS 2019

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 Videos 191, 194, 195 on www.corbettmaths.com
!

Question 6: Find the equation Equation of a Line

Fluency Practice
of each line below.
Videos 191, 194, 195 on www.corbettmaths.com
(a) (b)
Question 6: Find the equation of each line below. (c)

(a) (b) (c)

(d) (e) (f)

(d) (e) (f)

Question 7: Find the equation of the straight line that passes through the points
Question 7: Find the equation of the straight line that passes through the points
(a) (0, 3) and (4, 19) (b) (0, 2) and (6, 20) (c) (0, 0) and (1, 4)
(a) (0, 3) and (4, 19) (b) (0, 2) and (6, 20) (c) (0, 0) and (1, 4)
(d) (0, −9) and (9, 0) (e) (0, −6) and (7, 8) (f) (−8, −10) and (0, 14)
(d)
(g) (0, −9)
(0, 2) and
and (10,(9,
7) 0) (h) (e)
(−4, (0, −6)(0,and
1) and 7) (7, 8)(i) (−4, 0)
(f)and
(−8, −10) and (0, 14)
(0, 18)

(g) (0, 2) and (10, 7) (h) (−4, 1) and (0, 7) (i) (−4, 0) and (0, 18)
Question 8: Find the equation of the straight line that:

(a) has a gradient of 4 and passes through the point (1, 10)
Question 8: Find the equation of the straight line that:
(b) has a gradient of 2 and passes through the point (−3, 3)
(a) has a gradient of 4 and passes through the point (1, 10)
(c) has a gradient of 1 and passes through the point (5, 2)
(b) has a gradient of 2 and passes through the point (−3, 3)
(d) has a gradient of −3 and passes through the point (−2, 8)
(c)
(e) has
has aagradient
gradient of of
−51and
and passes
passes through
through the point
the point (3, −1)(5, 2)

(d) hasaagradient
(f) has gradient of and
of ½ −3 and passes
passes through
through the
the point (4,point
5) (−2, 8)

(g) has
(e) has aagradient
gradientof of
⅖ −5
andand
passes through
passes the point
through the(−5, −5) (3, −1)
point
(h) has a gradient of −⅔ and passes through the point (9, 15)
(f) has a gradient of ½ and passes through the point (4, 5)

(g) has a gradient of ⅖ and passes through

© CORBETTMATHS 2019 Page 139the point (−5, −5)

(h) has a gradient of −⅔ and passes through the point (9, 15)
 Worked Example Your Turn
Find the equation of the line, Find the equation of the line,
given a point and the gradient: given a point and the gradient:

(−6, 22) Gradient 3 (−2, 5) Gradient 4

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(g) (0, 2) and (10, 7) (h) (−4, 1) and (0, 7) (i) (−4, 0)
Fluency Practice
Question 8: Find the equation of the straight line that:

(a) has a gradient of 4 and passes through the point (1, 10)

(b) has a gradient of 2 and passes through the point (−3, 3)

(c) has a gradient of 1 and passes through the point (5, 2)

(d) has a gradient of −3 and passes through the point (−2, 8)

(e) has a gradient of −5 and passes through the point (3, −1)

(f) has a gradient of ½ and passes through the point (4, 5)

(g) has a gradient of ⅖ and passes through the point (−5, −5)

(h) has a gradient of −⅔ and passes through the point (9, 15)

© CORBETTMATHS 2019

Page 141
 Worked Example Your Turn
Write the equation of the line in Write the equation of the line in
the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑐 which the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑐 which
passes through the points (2, 3) passes through the points
and (5, −9) (3, 10) and (−5, 18)

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 Worked Example Your Turn
Write the equation of the line in Write the equation of the line in
the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑐 which the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑐 which
passes through the points passes through the points
(2, −3) and (7, −5) (3, −2) and (−7, 5)

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!!
EquationofofaaLine
Equation Line
Videos Fluency
Videos191,
191, 194,195
194, Practice
195on
onwww.corbettmaths.com
www.corbettmaths.com
Question9:
Question 9: Find
Findthe
theequations
equationsofofthe
thelines
linesbelow
below

(a)
(a) (b)
(b) (c)(c)

(d)
(d) (e)
(e) (f)(f)

Question
Question10:
10: Find
Findthe
theequation
equationofofthe
thestraight
straightline
linethat passes
that through
passes these
through pairs
these of of
pairs points
points
(a) (2, 5) and (4, 11) (b) (−4, 2) and (1, 7) (c) (−5, −8) and (−4, −4)
(a) (2, 5) and (4, 11) (b) (−4, 2) and (1, 7) (c) (−5, −8) and (−4, −4)
(d) (−1, −2) and (−6, 3) (e) (−6, −4) and (−3, 2) (f) (3, 5) and (4, 1)
(d) (−1, −2) and (−6, 3) (e) (−6, −4) and (−3, 2) (f) (3, 5) and (4, 1)
(g) (−5, 4) and (5, 2) (h) (1, 6) and (5, 4) (i) (−10, −5) and (−7, 4)
(g) (−5, 4) and (5, 2) (h) (1, 6) and (5, 4) (i) (−10, −5) and (−7, 4)

Question 11: Find the coordinates where the following lines cross the x-axis
Question 11: Find the coordinates where the following lines cross the x-axis
(a) y = 2x + 6 (b) y = −x + 4 (c) y = 3x + 9
(a) y = 2x + 6 (b) y = −x + 4 (c) y = 3x + 9
(d) y = x − 5 (e) y = 4x + 1 (f) y = −2x + 10
(d) y = x − 5 (e) y = 4x + 1 (f) y = −2x + 10
(g) y = −4x − 10 (h) y = 5x + 3 (i) y = ½x + 3
(g) y = −4x − 10 (h) y = 5x + 3 (i) y = ½x + 3
(j) x + y = 8 (k) 4x + 2y + 7 = 0 (l) 3x + 2y − 8 = 0
(j) x + y = 8 (k) 4x + 2y + 7 = 0 (l) 3x + 2y − 8 = 0

Question 12: Find the gradients and the y-intercepts of each of these lines
Question 12: Find the gradients and the y-intercepts of each of these lines
(a) x + y = 10 (b) x − y = 4 (c) 2x + y = 6
(a) x + y = 10 (b) x − y = 4 (c) 2x + y = 6
(d) 3x − y = −1 (e) 8x + 2y + 9 = 0 (f) 5x − 2y − 4 = 0
(d) 3x − y = −1 (e) 8x + 2y + 9 = 0 (f) 5x − 2y − 4 = 0
(g) 7x = 1 − 2y (h) 15y − 6x = 8 (i) ⅔x + 2y = 5
(g) 7x = 1 − 2y (h) 15y − 6x = 8 (i) ⅔x + 2y = 5
(j) ⅕y − ½x = 1 (k) ⅔x + ¾y = 1½
(j) ⅕y − ½x = 1 (k) ⅔x + ¾y = 1½
Page 144
© CORBETTMATHS 2019
© CORBETTMATHS 2019
 Worked Example
Find where the line intercepts the axes:
Line 𝑥-intercept 𝑦-intercept
𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 3
𝑦 = 3𝑥 + 2
𝑦 = 3𝑥 − 2
𝑦 = 2𝑥 − 3
𝑦 = 3 − 2𝑥
𝑦 = 2 − 3𝑥
2𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 6
3𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 6
𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏

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 Your Turn
Find where the line intercepts the axes:
Line 𝑥-intercept 𝑦-intercept
𝑦 = 4𝑥 + 5
𝑦 = 5𝑥 + 4
𝑦 = 5𝑥 − 4
𝑦 = 4𝑥 − 5
𝑦 = 5 − 4𝑥
𝑦 = 4 − 5𝑥
4𝑥 + 5𝑦 = 20
5𝑥 + 4𝑦 = 20
𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑦 = 𝑐

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(g) (−5, 4) and (5, 2) (h) (1, 6) and (5, 4) (i) (−10, −5) and (−7, 4)
Fluency Practice
Question 11: Find the coordinates where the following lines cross the x-axis

(a) y = 2x + 6 (b) y = −x + 4 (c) y = 3x + 9

(d) y = x − 5 (e) y = 4x + 1 (f) y = −2x + 10

(g) y = −4x − 10 (h) y = 5x + 3 (i) y = ½x + 3

(j) x + y = 8 (k) 4x + 2y + 7 = 0 (l) 3x + 2y − 8 = 0

Question 12: Find the gradients and the y-intercepts of each of these lines

(a) x + y = 10 (b) x − y = 4 (c) 2x + y = 6

(d) 3x − y = −1 (e) 8x + 2y + 9 = 0 (f) 5x − 2y − 4 = 0

(g) 7x = 1 − 2y (h) 15y − 6x = 8 (i) ⅔x + 2y = 5

(j) ⅕y − ½x = 1 (k) ⅔x + ¾y = 1½

© CORBETTMATHS 2019

Page 147
 Worked Example Your Turn
Does the point (2, 9) lie on the Does the point (2, 9) lie on the
line 𝑦 = 4𝑥 + 1? line 𝑦 = 9 − 2𝑥?

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(g) gradient of −5 and passing through the origin.
Fluency Practice
Question 4:

(a) Does the point (2, 5) lie on the line y = 3x − 1 ?

(b) Does the point (4, 1) lie on the line y = 3x + 1 ?

(c) Does the point (3, 1) lie on the line y = x − 3 ?

(d) Does the point (5, 7) lie on the line y = −3x + 22 ?

(e) Does the point (−4, −8) lie on the line y = −2x ?

(f) Does the point (−1, 8) lie on the line y = 2x + 11 ?

(g) Does the point (12, 60) lie on the line y = 7x − 18 ?

© CORBETTMATHS 2019

Page 149
 Apply Extension
Question 1: The point (5, −2) lies on which lines below

Question 2: Do the points (1, 4), (4, 10) and (9, 20) lie in a straight line?

Question 3: A line has equation y = 2x + 6

The line crosses the x−axis at the point A
The line crosses the y−axis at the point B
The point C has coordinates (1, 8)

(a) Find the coordinates of the point A

(b) Find the coordinates of the point B
(c) Find the equation of the straight line passing through the points A and C.

Question 4: Do the lines y = 3x + 1 and 4x − 2y + 3 = 0 have the same gradients?

Question 5: Line 1 has equation y = 3x − 12

(a) Find the coordinates of P

(b) Find the equation of Line 2

Question 6: Lexi says the line below has an

equation of y = −2x +8
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© CORBETTMATHS 2019

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3.6 Review and Problem Solving

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 Worked Example Your Turn
𝑦 = 5𝑥 + 10 𝑦 = 5𝑥 + 15

𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑦 = 𝑑 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑦 = 𝑑

Gradient: Gradient:

𝑥 intercept: 𝑥 intercept:

𝑦 intercept: 𝑦 intercept:

Sketch: Sketch:

Page 152
 ! = #$ + & '$ + (! = ) Gradient $ intercept ! intercept Sketch

1. ! = 2$ + 8

2$ − ! = −6
2.

3. 3 (−3, 0)

(3, 0) (0, −9)

Page 153
4.
Fill in the Gaps

5. 4 (0, −12)

12
6. 3

7. (12, 0) (0, 3)
 ! = #$ + & '$ + (! = ) Gradient $ intercept ! intercept Sketch

1
8. ! =− $+4
3

4$ + 3! = 12
9.

3
10. 4

3
11. (4, 0)

Page 154
4
Fill in the Gaps

12. 3$ − 4! = 24

3
13. 1 (8, 0)
4

No
14. intercept
(0, −14)
 Fill in the Blanks
Equation of a Straight Line

Another
Equation of Y- A Point on
Graph Gradient Point on
Straight Line Intercept the Line
the Line

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Maths Venns

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Maths Venns

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Maths Venns

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