ROZZANO LOSIN'S TECHNOLOGICAL COMPETENCY
AS CARING
Who is Rozzano Locsin?
• 1976 - BSN & 1978 - Silliman University of the Philippines
• 1988 h PhD; University of the Philippines
• 1991 - professor; Christine E. Lynn College
of Nursing, Florida Atlantic University
• Program of Research: "Life transition in the health
- illness experience
Theory Description
- Technological competency as caring in nursing is the coexistence between
technologies and caring in nursing
- The harmonization of these concepts places the practice of nursing within
the context of modern healthcare and acknowledges that these concepts can
co-exist.
- Technology brings the patient closer to the nurse. Conversely, technology can
also increase the gap between the nurse and nursed
- When technology is used to know person continuously is the moment, the
process of nursing is lived.
Assumption of the Theory
-Person are caring by virtue of their happiness
-Person are whole or complete in the moment
-Knowing person is a process of nursing allows for continuous appreciation of
persons, moment to moment
-Technology is used to know the wholeness of persons, moment to moment
-Nursing is a discipline and professional practice
Dimensions of Technological
Value in the Theory
-Technology as Completing Human Being
-Technology as Machine Technologies
-Technologies that Mimic Human Beings and Humans Activities
Major Concept & Definition
• Focus of nursing-- A human being whose hope, dreams, and aspiration are
to live fully as a caring person
• Technology of competency-Conceptualized as an expression of caring
(co-existence of techology and caring in nursing)
and providing a framework for practices.
• Intention of nursing-To know human beings fully as a whole person
• What is a Person? -Empirical facts about the compositions of the
person;persons as objects
• Who is person?-Understanding the unpre-dictable, irreducible person who is
more and different than the sum of his or her empirical self; person as a unique
individual
• Wholeness paradox-Because person are unique and unpredictable
• Nursing situation-Shared live experience between the nurse and nursed
• Vulnerability-- The nurses and nursed become vulnerable as they enter
other's world and move toward continuous knowing of one another
• The entirety of nursing-This is to direct focus, sustain, and maintain the person
THE PROCESS OF NURSING
Knowing
- the process of knowing person is guided by technological knowing which
person are appreciated as participants in their care rather than as objects
of care.
Designing
- both the nurse and the one nursed plan a mutual care process from which
the nurse can recognize a rewarding nursing practice that a responsive to the
patient's desire of care.
Participation in appreciation
- the simultaneous practice of conjoined activities which are crucial to knowing
person. In this stage of the process is the alternating rhythm of implementation
and evaluation.
Verifying Knowledge
- the continuous, circular process demonstrates the ever - changing, dynamic
nature of knowing in nursing.
CAROLINA S. AGRAVANTE'S
TRANSFORMATIVE
LEADERSHIP MODEL
LIFE STORY:
• 1964-Bachelor's Degree in
nursing in St. Paul College Manila
• 1970-Master's Degree in Nursing Education in Catholic University of America
• 2002-Poctoral Pegree in
Nursing in University of the
Philippines Manila
• Perived CASAGRA theory from her name
Theory Pescription:
• The complete tittle of her model is
"The CASAGRA Transformative
Leadership Model:
Servant - Leader Formula & the Nursing Faculty's Transformative Leadership
Behavior"
• The theory "CASAGRA
Transformative Leadership" is psycho spiritual model.
Characteristics of a Practice
Theory
• COMPLEXITY/ ABSTRACTNESS, SCOPE
-focuses on narrow view of simple reality, simple and straightforward
• GENERALIZABILITY/SPECIFICALLY
- linked to a special population or an identified field of practice
• CHARACTERISTIC OF SCOPE
-single, concrete concept that is operationalized
• CHARACTERISTICS OF PROPOSITION
-propositions defined
• TESTABILITY
-Goals or outcomes defined and testable
• SOURCE OF DEVELOPMENT
-derived from practice or deduced from middle range theory or grand theory
Main Proposition of Theory
• CASAGRA Transformative Leadership is psycho-spiritual model, and was an
effective means for faculty to become better teachers and servant-leaders
• Care complex is astructure in a personality of the
caregiver that is significantly related to a leadership
behavior.
• The CASAGRA servant-leadership formula is an effective modality in
exchanging the nursing faculty's servant-leadership behavior.
• Vitality of Care Complex of the nursing faculty is directly related to leadership
behavior
Major Concept:
• Servant-leader formula
• Servant-leadership behavior
• Special expertise
• Nursing leadership
• Transformative teaching
• Care complex
Three-Fold Transformative Leader
Concept Servant-leadership
Spirituality
• This is prescribed to run parallel to the generic elements of the
transformative leadership model.
Self-Mastery
• This consists of a vibrant care complex possessed to a certain degree by all
who have been through formal studies in a caregiving profession such as
nursing.
Special-Expertise Level
This is shown in creative, caring, critical, contemplative and collegial teaching of a
nurse faculty who directly involved with the formation of nursing.
The conceptual framework is logical because the variable are very well explained on
how
trans-formative-leadership models applicable through complex, transformative
teaching servant leader spirituality, and servant-leader behavior
Critique of the Theory:
Usefulness/ Practicability
- It will help them to achieve the vision-mission as a network of innovative,
competent empowered educators toward excellence in national and global
development.
Generalizability & Parsimony
- Nursing students will be assured to similar leadership formation that will be
provided to them by the nursing educators who advocated the CASAGRA
Transformative Leadership model.
Simplicity
- Agravante's theory does not posses simplicity because the study group has
to undergo seminars and retreats which somehow give hassles to them.
Empirical Precision
- The study was conducted to determine the effects of the CASAGRA Transformative
leadership model for nursing faculty on the server leadership behavior of the
nursing faculty.
CARMELITA C. DIVINAGARCIA
COMPOSURE MODEL
• was a former President of The Association of the Philippine Colleges of Nursing
(ADPCN),
a Dean of University of the East Ramon Magsaysay Memorial Medical Center, Inc.
(UERMMMC) College of Nursing and also, a member of CHED's technical Committee
on Nursing Education.
BACKGROUND
-Studied BSN at UERMMMC
-Earned a Master's Degree in Nursing at UP in 1975
-Doctor of Philosophy in Nursing at UP IN 2001
-has been a clinic staff and head nurse, instructor, asst. Dean and Dean.
She also lectured and wrote about her work as a nurse and used her hand-on
experience to develop better ways to teach nursing.
Advance Nurse Practitioner's
Composure Behavior and Patient's Wellness Outcome
STUDY'S SIGNIFICANCE &
OBJECTIVE
-The study's focus is to determine the effects of the "COMPOSURE" behavior of the
Advance Nurse Practitioner on the wellness outcome of the selected cardiac patients
-Nursing as a healthcare profession would prove its worth of being at par in quality
performance with other health care professionals.
• THE POPULATION OF THE STUDY CONSIST OF ADULT CARDIAC PATIENTS
admitted and confined at the Philippine Heart Center,
Coronary Care Unit
DEFINITION OF TERMS
• Advance Nurse Practitioner
-a BSN graduate,
-licensed & has a clinical experience of at least 2 years in the clinical area
-has undergone special training in critical area
• Composure Behaviors
-are sets of behaviors or nursing measures that the nurse demonstrates to selected
patients
THEORETICAL PARADIGM
COMPOSURE BEHAVIORS
WELLNESS OUTCOME - PHYSIOLOGIC OUTCOME, BIOBEHAVIORAL OUTCOME
MAIN THEMES & SUB THEMES
• COORDINATION-Intra-organizational Coordination,Inter-organizational
Coordination, Reciprocal Interdependence
• COMMUNICATION-Environmental Factors, Personal Factors
• INTRAPERSONAL RELATIONSHIP-Engagement, Esprit (morale), Concern,
Support
Kuan's Retirement and Role Discontinuity Mode
*Born on November 19, 1936 in Katipunan-Dipolog, Zamboanga del Norte.
* Master degree in Nursing and Guidance and Counseling.
* She also holds a Doctoral degree in Education.
* Has a vast contribution to the University of the Philippines College of Nursing
Faculty and Academic achievements.
* She has two Masters Degrees, M.A in Nursing and M.S in Education, Major in
Guidance and Counseling, culminating in Doctor of Education (Guidance and
Counseling).
* Has a Clinical Fellowship and Specialization in Neuropsychology in University of
Paris, France (Salpetriere hospital).
BACKGROUND
Retirement– is an inevitable change in one's life. It is evident in the increasing
statistics of aging population accompanied by related disabilities and increased
dependence.
- this developmental stage, even at later part of life, must be considered desirable
and satisfying through the determination of factors that will help the person enjoy
his remaining years of life.
Basic assumptions and Concept
Psychological Age- The age that shows the biological state of a person. The age
may be higher or lower than that of the chronological age-refers to a person's age
that is counted every year, since birth.
Role -Refers to the group of common expectations centered on a specific job. This
may involve views on the ideals or principles of the person that held the position,
which needs to be followed and the standards that will regulate his actions.
Change of life- The period between near retirement and post-retirement years. In
medico-physiological terms, this equates with the climacteric period of adjustment
and re- adjustment to another tempo of life.
Retiree -Is an individual who has left the position occupied for the past years of
productive life because he/she has reached the prescribed retirement age or has
completed the required years of service.
Role discontinuity- The interruption in the line of status enjoyed or performed. The
interruption may be brought about by an accident, emergency, and change of
position or retirement.
Coping approaches- Intervention or measures that applied to solve a problematic
situation. Determinants of Fruitful Aging
1. Health Status- refer to physiological and mental state of the respondents,
classified as either sickly or healthy.
2. Income- (economic level) refers to the financial affluence of the respondent
which can be classified as poor, moderate, or rich.
3. Work status- status of an individual according to his/her work.
4. Family Constellation- means the type of family composition described.
• Close Knit or Extended Family - three or more generations of family
members live under one roof.
• Distanced Family - whose members live in separate dwelling units.
• Nuclear Type Of Family- only husband, wife and children live together.
5. Self preparation- preparing of self to the possible
outcome Abaquin's Prepare Me Holistic Nursing
Interventions
• Carmencita M. Abaquin is a nurse with a Masters's and Doctoral Degree in
Nursing obtained from the University of the Philippines Manila.
• An expert in Medical-Surgical Nursing with a subspecialty in Oncologic Nursing,
which made her known both here and abroad.
• She had served the University of the Philippines College of Nursing, as faculty
and held the position of Secretary of theCollege of Nursing.
What is
PREPARE ME Theory?
PREPARE ME theory provides a framework on non- pharmacologic, non-surgical
approach of care to advanced cases of cancer patients.
• The focus is not on cure but on assisting the patient to explore her
humanity and internal serenity as one is faced with the challenge of life and
death.
Approaches
Carmencita Abaquin's Prepare Me theory implies a type of Nursing Care or Holistic
Nursing Approach that deals on:
How to care for cancer patients
Improve the quality of life of patients with Cancer and other Chronic diseases/
Terminal illnesses.
Basic assumptions and Concept
Presence- Being with another person during times of need. This includes therapeutic
communication, active listening, and touch.
Reminisce Therapy- Recalls past experiences, feelings, and thoughts to facilitate
adaptation to present circumstances
Prayer
Relaxation activity- Techniques to encourage and elicit relaxation for the purpose
of decreasing undesirable signs and symptoms such as pain, muscle tension, and
anxiety.
Meditation- Encourages an elicit of relaxation for the purpose of altering a
patient's level of awareness by focusing an image or thought to facilitate inner
sight which helps establish a connection and relationship with God.
Values clarification- This refers to assisting the patient to clarify his own values of
health and illness in order to facilitate effective decision making skills. Through this,
the patient develops an open mind that will facilitate acceptance of disease state or
may help deeper or enhance values.
Quality of life
-This includes proper care of the body, mind, and spirit to maintain integrity of the
whole person despite limitations brought by the present situation.
-This can be seen with the following dimensions brought by the present situation.
Reviewer for laurante
About the Theory: Cecilia Laurante's theory integrates Filipino cultural values into
holistic nursing care.
Focuses on physical, emotional, social, and spiritual health.
Stresses culturally sensitive care, considering family and community dynamics.
Managing Patient Anxiety:
Presence: Person-to-person
interaction. Concern: Building mutual
trust over time.
Stimulation: Using positive words to energize healing.
Factors in Nursing:
Predisposing Factors: Age, sex, civil status, educational status, length of work
experience. Enhancing Factors: Caring experience, communication, attitude, and
patient feedback.
Definition of Anxiety: An unpleasant state of inner turmoil, characterized by
feelings of dread over anticipated events.
Reviewer for Synchronicity
Definition of Synchronicity: Interconnectedness of humans, space, and time to
enhance relationships in nursing care.
Human Dimension: Focuses on patients as whole beings, addressing their cultural,
emotional, and spiritual needs.
Space Dimension: Emphasizes the care environment, creating healing spaces that
are quiet, safe, and personalized.
Time Dimension: Involves temporal aspects of care, such as timing interventions and
being present in the moment.
Purpose: To align caregiving with patient individuality and life journeys, making
care effective and meaningful.
Abraham Maslow
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs explains human motivation, starting with basic needs and
progressing to advanced ones like self-actualization.
The First Stage - Physiological Stage
This stage includes basic survival needs like food, water, sleep, and shelter.
Without these, higher needs cannot be pursued.
The Second Stage - Safety Stage
Focuses on security and stability, such as living in a safe environment, financial
security, and good health.
The Third Stage - Love/Belonging Stage
Centers on social connections, including friendships, family, and intimacy, to fulfill
emotional needs.
The Fourth Stage - Esteem Stage
Involves self-respect and external recognition, such as confidence, status, and
achievements.
The Fifth Stage - Self-Actualization Stage
The highest stage, where individuals strive to reach their full potential, pursuing
creativity, morality, and personal growth.
HARRY STACK SULLIVAN
Harry Stack Sullivan: A prominent psychiatrist born in 1892, Sullivan developed the
Interpersonal Theory, focusing on the role of social relationships in shaping
personality and mental health. He emphasized the importance of social interactions
and relationships in psychological development, particularly in treating conditions
like schizophrenia.
Transactional Analysis: A method of understanding human behavior by analyzing
the interactions (transactions) between individuals. It is a social psychology tool
aimed at improving communication and promoting personal growth, based on the
idea that people can change and deserve acceptance in the world.
Developmental Epochs: Sullivan proposed stages of personality development
across the lifespan, each focusing on key social interactions and milestones:
Infancy (birth to 18 months): Early life experiences influence development, though
less emphasized than by Freud.
Childhood (18 months to 6 years): Language and speech form the foundation for
learning.
Juvenile (6-9 years): The importance of peer interactions and social skills.
Pre-Adolescence (9-12 years): Formation of close friendships, crucial for self-esteem
and future relationships.
Early Adolescence(12-14 Years):Friendship takes on sexual dimension, and the focus
on relationship with peers shifts toward romantic interests. An adolescence's sense
of self worth is based in large part upon his her perceived sexual attractiveness.
Late Adolescence (14-21 years): Struggles with independence and relationships,
including romance and friendships.
Adulthood: Focus on family, career, and financial security, with continued importance
of socialization.
Kurt Lewin
•Kurt Lewin is considered to be by many, the most charismatic psychologist of his
generation. He was born in Germany in 1890. His formal training in psychology
began in 1910 in Berlin and led to a Ph.D. in the experimental study of associative
learning.
During World War I Lewin served as a private and eventually became a lieutenant
in the German army. He was wounded in action and received an Iron Cross. After
the war he returned to the Psychological Institute in Berlin where he became
Privatdozent in 1921.
•Eventually, Lewin emigrated to the U.S. and took a teaching
position at the University of Iowa, where he worked until 1945
The change theory was developed by Kurt Lewin, who is considered the Father of
Social Psychology. This theory is his most influential theory. He theorized a three -
stage model of change known as unfreezing- change-refreeze model that requires
prior learning to be rejected and replaced.
•Lewin's definition of behavior in this model is "a dynamic
balance of forces working in opposing directions”
There are three stages in this theory: unfreezing, change, and
refreezing.
Unfreezing stage is the process which involves finding a method of making it
possible for people to let go of an old pattern that was somehow counterproductive.
It is necessary to overcome the strains of individual resistance and group
conformity. There are three methods that can lead to the achievement of
unfreezing.first is to increase the driving forces that direct behavior away from the
existing situation or status quo. Second, decrease the restraining forces that
negatively affect the movement form the existing equilibrium. Thirdly, finding a
combination of the first two methods.
the change stage, which is also called "moving to a new level"or"movement",
involves a process of change in thoughts, feelings, behavior, or all the three, that is
in some way more liberating or more productive.
The refreezing stage is establishing the change as the new habit, so that it now
becomes the" standard operating procedure". Without this final stage, it can be
easy for the patients to go back to old habits.
