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Pearson Edexcel Level 1/Level 2 GCSE (9–1)

Thursday 25 May 2023
Morning (Time: 1 hour 10 minutes) Paper
reference 1SC0/1PH
Combined Science  

PAPER 3
Higher Tier

You must have: Total Marks

Calculator, ruler, Equation Booklet (enclosed)

Instructions
• Use black ink or ball-point pen.
• centrethe
Fill in boxes at the top of this page with your name,
number and candidate number.
• Answer all questions.
• Answer the questions in the spaces provided
– there may be more space than you need.

Information
• The total mark for this paper is 60.
• The marks for each question are shown in brackets
– use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.
• structure
In questions marked with an asterisk (*), marks will be awarded for your ability to
your answer logically, showing how the points that you make are related
or follow on from each other where appropriate.
• A list of equations is included at the end of this exam paper.

Advice
• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
• Try to answer every question.
• Check your answers if you have time at the end. Turn over

P72559A
©2023 Pearson Education Ltd.
N:1/1/
*P72559A0120*
 Answer ALL questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided.

Some questions must be answered with a cross in a box . If you change your mind about an
answer, put a line through the box and then mark your new answer with a cross .

1 (a) Which of these is a scalar quantity?

(1)
A acceleration

B distance

C force

D weight

(b) A student has some cupcake cases.

One cupcake case is shown in Figure 1.

(Source: © Anton Starikov/Shutterstock)

Figure 1

The student drops a stack of cupcake cases with the base facing downwards,
as shown in Figure 2.

(Source: © Elena Schweitzer/Shutterstock)

Figure 2

The speed of the falling stack of cupcake cases depends on the number of
cupcake cases in the stack.

2
*P72559A0220* 
 (i) The student also has a stop clock and a metre rule.
Describe an investigation to show how the speed of the falling stack of
cupcake cases depends on the number of cupcake cases in the stack.
(4)

the cupcake wrapper is made out of paper so its falling of really slow so the timer is going to be a little slower.
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

the paper falls very slowly for 5 seconds and if its higher up, it goes more than 5 seconds.
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

the cupcake wrapper falls very slow that the time goes slower.
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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(ii) A stack of cupcake cases has a mass of 0.005 kg.

Calculate the weight, in newtons, of the stack of cupcake cases.
Gravitational field strength = 10 N / kg
(2)
Use the equation

W = mg

0.05
weight = ............................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N

3
 *P72559A0320* Turn over
 Figure 3 shows a cupcake case that is falling at a constant velocity.

cupcake case

weight

Figure 3

(iii) Draw an arrow on Figure 3 to show the force due to air resistance on the
cupcake case.
(1)
(iv) State the value of the acceleration of the cupcake case when it is falling at a
constant velocity.
(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(Total for Question 1 = 9 marks)

4
*P72559A0420* 
2 (a) Figure 4 shows a football kicked against a wall.

solid wall

football

Figure 4

The football has a mass of 0.42 kg.

(i) The football gains 11 J of gravitational potential energy as it moves from the
ground to the wall.
Calculate the height at which the ball hits the wall.
(3)
Gravitational field strength = 10 N / kg
Use the equation

∆GPE = m × g × ∆h

46.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . m
height = ................................
(ii) Calculate the kinetic energy of the football when it is moving at a velocity
of 12 m / s.
(2)
Use the equation

1
KE = × m × v2
2

kinetic energy = .............................

277.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J

5
 *P72559A0520* Turn over
 (iii) Describe the energy transfers that happen when the ball hits the wall.
(2)
the ball bounces off the wall after it hits the wall
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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(b) A stone is held at rest above the ground.

The stone is released and falls until its velocity is 17 m / s.
Calculate the distance the stone has fallen when its velocity has reached 17 m / s.
(2)

17
distance = ................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . m

(Total for Question 2 = 9 marks)

6
*P72559A0620* 
 BLANK PAGE

7
 *P72559A0720* Turn over
 3 Figure 5 is a velocity/time graph for a lift moving upwards in a tall building.

6
5
4
3
2
velocity in m / s

1
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
–1
time in s
–2
–3
–4
–5
–6

Figure 5

(a) For what length of time is the lift at rest during the first 16 s?
(1)
A 1.4 s

B 3.0 s

C 3.6 s

D 4.0 s

(b) Use the graph in Figure 5 to determine the maximum velocity of the lift during
the first 16 s.
(1)

maximum velocity = ....................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . m / s

(c) Use the graph in Figure 5 to determine the acceleration of the lift during the
first 1.4 s.
(3)

acceleration = ........................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . m / s2

8
*P72559A0820* 
 (d) Use the graph in Figure 5 to determine the distance that the lift travelled during
the first 6.0 s.
(3)

distance = ................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . m
(e) At 18 s, the lift starts to move downwards.
Sketch a line on the graph in Figure 5 to show the lift moving downwards
after 18 s.
(1)

(Total for Question 3 = 9 marks)

9
 *P72559A0920* Turn over
 BLANK PAGE

10
*P72559A01020* 
4 (a) Figure 6 shows two technicians, L and M, measuring the speed of sound in air.

120 m
L M

Figure 6

L fires a starting pistol.

M starts a stopwatch when first seeing the smoke from the starting pistol.
M stops the stopwatch when hearing the bang made by the starting pistol.

The distance between L and M is 120 m.

M’s reaction time is 0.23 s.
The speed of sound in air is 330 m / s.
(i) Calculate M’s reaction time as a percentage of the time sound takes to travel
from L to M.
(3)

.............................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . %
(ii) Which of these would improve the technicians’ measurement of the speed
of sound?
(1)
A Use a firework ‘banger’ instead of the starting pistol.

B Use a stop clock that measures time in minutes.

C Increase the distance between L and M.

D Decrease the distance between L and M.

11
 *P72559A01120* Turn over
 (b) Figure 7 shows the difference in refraction of sound waves and light waves when
these waves travel from air into water.

sound light

air air

water water

Figure 7

Explain why the refraction of the sound wave is different from the refraction of
the light wave in Figure 7.
(3)
in the first image, the sound goes down from the air to the water and in the water, the sound moves
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

straight left and not clearly down, the second image is where the light was going from the air to the water
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
and while being at the beginning of the water, the light starts going deeply down compared to that, so the
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light goes way deeper than sound waves.

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12
*P72559A01220* 
 (c) Light is one example of an electromagnetic wave.
Light can transfer energy from a lamp to the leaf of a plant, causing chemical
reactions in the leaf.
Describe examples of two other electromagnetic waves transferring energy.
(4)
radio is another example of an electromagnetic wave because it has a speaker and the speaker
1 ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
has prebuilt recordings in it, the recordings randomly plays a random music, a podcast or a song, which
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clearly means that waves comes and is made by sound waves and sound waves are made by a vibrating
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object.

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2 ............................
microwaves . . . . . . .is
. . . . . .another
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . example
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .of
. . . . . .an electromagnetic wave because it has heat that is stored. . . . .in
. . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . .it,
.........................

the microwaves have heats stored in so they can heat or cook up foods in the microwaves.
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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(Total for Question 4 = 11 marks)

13
 *P72559A01320* Turn over
5 (a) Figure 8 is the symbol for a nucleus of americium-241.

241
95
Am
Figure 8

Americium-241 is a radioactive isotope of americium.

Americium-241 decays by emitting alpha (α) particles.
(i) Which of these is the symbol for another radioactive isotope of americium?
(1)

A Am
241
97

B Am
243
96

C Am
245
95

D Am
247
94

(ii) Which of these is the approximate maximum distance that alpha particles can
travel in air at normal atmospheric pressure?
(1)

A 5 mm

B 5 cm

C 5m
D 5 km

(iii) Complete the equation in Figure 9 for americium-241 decaying into

neptunium (Np).
(3)

................ ................

241
95
Am → ................
α + ................
Np
Figure 9

14
*P72559A01420* 
 (b) The activity of a radioactive source is measured as 128 Bq.
This is shown as a point on the graph in Figure 10.
(3)

140

120

100

80
activity in Bq
60

40

20

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
time in s

Figure 10

The half-life of this radioactive source is 17 s.

Use this information to plot three more points on the graph grid in Figure 10 to
show how the activity of the source changes with time.
(c) Describe what happens in the nucleus of an atom when a positron is emitted.
(2)
they go up and they emit radioactive transfers.
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(Total for Question 5 = 10 marks)

15
 *P72559A01520* Turn over
6 (a) An atom of mass 6.6 × 10–26 kg is moving with a velocity of 480 m / s.
Calculate the momentum of the atom.
(3)

momentum = .............................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . kg m / s
(b) Figure 11 shows a ball before and after it collides with a wall.
The arrows show the direction of movement of the ball.

wall wall

before collision after collision

Figure 11

Before the collision, the momentum of the ball is 0.80 kg m / s.

After the collision, the momentum of the ball is 0.60 kg m / s in the
opposite direction.
The ball is in contact with the wall for a time of 70 ms during the collision.
Calculate the force exerted on the ball by the wall.
(3)
Use an equation selected from the list of equations at the end of the paper.

15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N
force = ...............................

16
*P72559A01620* 
 *(c) Newton’s second law can be stated as
force = mass × acceleration
A student is provided with a trolley and a runway on a bench, as shown in
Figure 12, and access to other equipment.

trolley

runway

bench

Figure 12

Describe a procedure the student could use to investigate how the acceleration of
the trolley depends on the force applied to the trolley.
You may add to the diagram in Figure 12 to help your answer.
(6)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(Total for Question 6 = 12 marks)

TOTAL FOR PAPER = 60 MARKS

17
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Equations

(final velocity)2 – (initial velocity)2 = 2 × acceleration × distance

v2 – u2 = 2 × a × x
force = change in momentum ÷ time
( mv  mu )
F
t

energy transferred = current × potential difference × time

E=I×V×t
force on a conductor at right angles to a magnetic field carrying a current = magnetic flux density ×
current × length

F=B×I×l
potential difference across primary coil number of turns in primary coil
=
potential differencce across secondary coil number of turns in secondary coil
Vp Np
=
Vs Ns

potential difference across primary coil × current in primary coil = potential difference across
secondary coil × current in secondary coil

Vp × Ip = Vs × Is

change in thermal energy = mass × specific heat capacity × change in temperature

ΔQ = m × c × Δθ
thermal energy for a change of state = mass × specific latent heat

Q=m × L
P1 V1 = P2 V2
to calculate pressure or volume for gases of fixed mass at constant temperature
energy transferred in stretching = 0.5 × spring constant × (extension)2

E = ½ × k × x2
pressure due to a column of liquid = height of column × density of liquid × gravitational field
strength

P=h×ρ×g

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*P72559A02020* 
 Pearson Edexcel Level 1/Level 2 GCSE (9–1)
May–June 2023 Assessment Window
Paper
reference 1SC0/1PH
Combined Science
 

PAPER 3
Higher Tier

Equation Booklet
Do not return this Booklet with the question paper.

Turn over

*P72559A*
P72559A
©2023 Pearson Education Ltd.

N:1/1/
If you’re taking GCSE (9–1) Combined Science or GCSE (9–1) Physics, you will need
these equations:
HT = higher tier

distance travelled = average speed × time

acceleration = change in velocity ÷ time taken a

v  u 
t

force = mass × acceleration F=m×a

weight = mass × gravitational field strength W=m×g

HT momentum = mass × velocity p=m×v

change in gravitational potential energy = mass × gravitational

∆GPE = m × g × ∆h
field strength × change in vertical height
1
kinetic energy = 1/2 × mass × (speed)2 KE   m  v 2
2

useful energy transferred by the device 

efficiency =
 total energy supplied to the device 
wave speed = frequency × wavelength v=f×λ

x
wave speed = distance ÷ time v=
t

work done = force × distance moved in the direction of the force E=F×d

E
power = work done ÷ time taken P=
t

energy transferred = charge moved × potential difference E=Q×V

charge = current × time Q=I×t

potential difference = current × resistance V=I×R

E
power = energy transferred ÷ time taken P=
t

electrical power = current × potential difference P=I×V

electrical power = (current)2 × resistance P = I2 × R

m
density = mass ÷ volume ρ=
V

2 P72559A
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 force exerted on a spring = spring constant × extension F=k×x

(final velocity)2 – (initial velocity)2 = 2 × acceleration × distance v2 − u2 = 2 × a × x

HT force = change in momentum ÷ time F

 mv  mu 
t

energy transferred = current × potential difference × time E=I×V×t

force on a conductor at right angles to a magnetic field

HT F=B×I×l
carrying a current = magnetic flux density × current × length
For transformers with 100% efficiency, potential difference across
primary coil × current in primary coil = potential difference V P × IP = VS × IS
across secondary coil × current in secondary coil
change in thermal energy = mass × specific heat capacity ×
∆Q = m × c × ∆θ
change in temperature
thermal energy for a change of state = mass × specific latent
Q=m×L
heat

energy transferred in stretching = 0.5 × spring constant × 1

E   k  x2
(extension)2 2

If you’re taking GCSE (9–1) Physics, you also need these extra equations:

moment of a force = force × distance normal to the direction

of the force
F
pressure = force normal to surface ÷ area of surface P=
A

potential difference across primary coil number of turns in primary coil Vp Np

HT = =
potential differencce across secondary coil number of turns in secondary coil VS NS

to calculate pressure or volume for gases of fixed mass at constant

P1 × V1 = P2 × V2
temperature
pressure due to a column of liquid = height of column × density of
HT P=h×ρ×g
liquid × gravitational field strength

END OF EQUATION LIST

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