Modelling & Simulation Unit 2 Question Bank

1. Explain various types of simulation models.

2. Explain Discrete & Continuous system with suitable example.
3. Differentiate between physical and mathematical simulations with suitable examples.
4. Explain the differences between static and dynamic simulations. Provide an example of
each.
5. What are deterministic and stochastic simulations?
6. Compare continuous and discrete simulations with real-world applications.
7. What is Monte Carlo Simulation Method. Explain steps in Monte Carlo Simulation Method.
8. Explain how Monte Carlo methods are used in inventory management
9. What are the basic components of a single-server queuing system.
10. How can discrete event simulation be used to model queuing problems.
11. Explain characteristics of queuing system.
12. Explain various queue discipline.
13. At a grocery store with one counter, customers arrive at random from 1 to 8 minutes apart
(each of interarrival time has the same probability of occurrence). The service times vary from
1 to 6 minutes with the probabilities as 0.10, 0.20, 0.30, 0.25, 0.10 and 0.05 respectively.
Analyze the system by simulating the arrival and service of 20 customers.

Random Random Random Random

Customer Customer
Digit for Digit for Digit for Digit for
No No
inter-Arrival Service inter-Arrival Service
1 -- 84 11 109 32
2 913 10 12 093 94
3 627 74 13 607 79
4 015 53 14 738 05
5 948 17 15 359 79
6 309 79 16 888 84
7 922 91 17 106 52
8 753 67 18 212 55
9 235 89 19 493 30
10 302 38 20 535 50

14. A small store of readymade garments, there is one clerk at the counter who is to check the
bills, receive payments and place and the packed garments into fancy bags, etc. the
customer’s arrival at the check counter is a random phenomenon and the time between the
arrival varies from 1 minute to 5 minutes, the frequency distribution for which is given in table.
The service time (time taken by the counter clerk) varies from 1 minute to 3 minutes. The
manager of stores feels that the counter clerk is not sufficiently loaded with work and wants
 to assign to him additional work. But before taking the decision he likes to know the precisely
by what percentage of time the counter clerk is idle.

Frequency distribution of inter-arrival times Frequency distribution of service times

Time between
frequency Service time (min) Frequency
arrival (min)
1 35 1.0 20
2 25 1.5 35
3 20 2.0 25
4 12 2.5 15
5 8 3.0 5

Random Random Random Random

Customer Customer
Digit for Digit for Digit for Digit for
No No
inter-Arrival Service inter-Arrival Service
1 48 22 11 65 93
2 51 62 12 59 01
3 06 25 13 51 17
4 22 31 14 50 49
5 79 23 15 13 58
6 56 07 16 94 98
7 06 93 17 57 61
8 91 44 18 26 41
9 51 12 19 78 13
10 13 26 20 33 59

15. A company trading in motor vehicle spare wishes to determine the level of stock it should
carry for the items in its range. Demand is not certain and there is a lead time for stock
replenishment. For item X, following information is obtained.

Demand
3 4 5 6 7
(Units/day)
Probability 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.1
Inventory carrying cost per day = 20 paise, Ordering cost per order = Rs 5, Lead time for
replenishment = 3 days
Stock in hand at beginning of the simulation exercise was 20 units. You are required to carry
out simulation run over a period of 10 days with objective of evaluating the following
inventory rule: order 15 units when present inventory plus any outstanding order falls below
15 units. the sequence of random number used is 0, 9, 1, 1, 5, 1, 8, 6, 3, 5, 7, 1, 2, 9 using
first number for day one.
16. consider an inventory control problem in which demand during lead time as well as lead
time distribution are given in table below. The reorder point is 6 units and reorder quantity
is 12 units. If ordering cost is Rs 100 per order, inventory carrying cost is Rs 4 per unit per
week and the shortage cost is Rs 60 per unit per week, find the total inventory cost for 15
weeks. Assume an initial inventory of 10 units.

Demand Probability Lead Time (weeks) probability

0 0.10 2 0.20
1 0.45 3 0.65
2 0.30 4 0.15
Assume the following random numbers for the demand: 49, 67, 06, 30, 95, 01, 10, 70, 80, 66,
69, 76, 86, 56, 84. Also Assume the following random numbers for the lead time: 84, 79, 15,
03.

Probability Distribution of demand during Probability Distribution of lead time

lead time
Demand Probability Demand Probability
0 0.10 2 0.20
1 0.45 3 0.65
2 0.30 4 0.15
3 0.15