Anna University ECE - Reg 2021

1st Semester 2nd Semester 3rd Semester

Random Process & Linear
Professionsal English I Professional English II
Algebra
Statistics and Numerical C Programming & Data
Matrices and Calculas Methods Structures
Engineering Graphics Signals and Systems
Engineering Physics
Physics for Electronics
Electronic Devices and Circuits
Engineering
Engineering Chemistry
Electrical and Instrumentation Control Systems
Engineering
Problem Solving & Python
Programming Circuit Analysis Digital Systems Designs

4th Semester 5th Semester 6th Semester

Electromagnetic Fields Embedded System & IOT

Wireless Communication Design

Networks & Security Artificial Intelligence &

VLSI and Chip Design
Machine Learning
Linear Integrated Circuits Transmission Lines & RF Open Elective I
Systems
Digital Signal Processing Professional Elective I Professional Course III

Communication Systems Professional Elective II Professional Course IV

Environmental Sciences &

Sustainability Mandatory Course I Mandatory Course II

7th Semester 8th Semester

Human Values & Ethics Project Work

Elective Management

EEE ECE
Open Elective II CSE
Open Elective III Click on clouds to navigate
other departments
Open Elective IV

MECH CIVIL
http://www.poriyaan.in
 www.Poriyaan.in
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION

ENGINEERING

B.E. Electronics and Communication Engineering

E
Anna University Regulation: 2021
CO
EC3352 –DIGITAL SYSTEM DESIGN

II Year / III Semester

E
AC

Hand Written Notes

GR

Unit – I

BASIC CONCEPTS

Prepared by,
Mrs. E. M. Uma selvi , AP/ECE

EC3352_DSD

1
 www.Poriyaan.in
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi

E
Unit – I

CO
BASIC CONCEPTS
E
AC
GR

EC3352_DSD

2
 www.Poriyaan.in
T
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi

DIGITAL FUNDAMENTALS

Numbes Sustema
Numlves ahe netmally ro ligibs decimal

O1,2,3,
oden Cemptes Com muunicadte and 0pexata.
with naiy ruumeeu digit O4

Loge
Can L e
e decimal hu

E
headecima 4 BcD sepzieientatio
octal
CO
ecimo nunlers systom-
om te 7
is epeseted. .
CE

hoi Lase
wittn as (G618.9)
eg S 6 78.9 car

(rodli 1/Base)
RA

olecimalL point
G

pouei /0.as.
enample: q8.72 HejoHEsented

8 X1o+ 7 Xto42*1o
Yto

q8.12 2
o 02

O. T

90
98.72
EC3352_DSD

3
 www.Poriyaan.in
Binasy umbet ystens:
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi

2 Conuist o dgrts hey ae ( 40)

ros brase

Pesctipr Value

MSB

Exarple
decimal
Represer binasy ho pous of onvept
|te decimal no?

E
I e o125
CO
2

xg
0x2
CE

13-625
RA

(oT)
Repr esentation po
f10t. fol
Ix2Ix+ ox
G

+!x 2 1x ix
tx
Dedma esuivale
CuDl.o!). i (13.625he
Octal Numbe s
2

Consist o
igitsbeom o te 7 ()& digits
hos sase
Octal rwnliass au (o,I, 2,3, 45,6,1,
EC3352_DSD

4
 www.Poriyaan.in
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi

EDtample
rurnless
6 powe
Repnesertadien c octol

aivalent
decimal
ef8 no a

S
L7
8
6x
3 0
3 75

decimal equialet 6 s37

E
7xa°
tn powe
CO of 8-Sx8
+6x8'

Repneentaiy

Hetad ecimal
CE

(o-9, A,B,C, D, E.f)

Dt has digits
hence Sase 16

t has lb oigits
RA

t olecimal 4 i a l
earple: Represent 3FD

eguivalentt?
G

decimal
3 F D
Dx1 13 x 13
x1b 1 5 X IL 24+0

3 XI6 3 5 7 68
eguivalet is lo3V
Decinal
poue o 16, = 3x16+Fx16+Dx1
Repreert

EC3352_DSD

5
 www.Poriyaan.in
ockal
Hebadecirmal
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi
Decinol Bin64

too
S

10 6

E
1

000
CO
o.01
2
CE

fol 13

C
RA

13 7o D
I4 Ito E
G

Is II

Binasy de Octat Convesjiini

2
(3 igit)
esample (111101 100), te Octal

l o 1 loo
EC3352_DSD
And75 6
 www.Poriyaan.in
het acd ecimal
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi
Binay

exomple 11oti Ooo Ioc| 1G!1)2 teo neaad ecimal

heaadecimat

Decimol
fe Bnay

E
(1) t e 2?
eg
CO
CE

2/3
RA

( (0 110)
te Octal
Decimal
G

10 te

e)on) te ? )

&24
LSB
8

MSB

o =314)
EC3352_DSD

7
 www.Poriyaan.in
te hetadedmal,
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi
De cimal

9) Cenvet (50 8 (

It25 LS3
.

MB

A()-09%
16.
De cimal te aolisu;.
(e Comveu 5 4 e ( )
E
CO
13 2
3
An-32
CE

Octal nay cervesbn, Cp-3 digit)

RA

e) 63 te bray
G

3 o
3

A (1o otllo0),
He xadecmal binay Cp-4 digi)
( ea) D) e bin ay
3
EC3352_DSD

8
 www.Poriyaan.in
o4931_Grace
ctal 26
college ofeEngineering,Thoothukudi
xadecimal

hesaclecimal
Stepa: octal -> inauy

(Ea)s ConveLt 61S), t hetadecimal.

ot - bin )
6

fto Oo1

(hin e henadecimal)

recwihe oo0

E
3 (D)
I.
CO
As=eD)%
te oct
Heocad ecimal
Bin OCtal
heotad ecimal
CE

Step
Octal
S8, te
) conveut
RA

3 HD

6in
G

in

( 3 8

Ans(113),

EC3352_DSD

9
 www.Poriyaan.in
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi
YOdi te celecimal
Convet
hho deara!
hunleu l o l . |
Convet binay

ool.o1>1s
X
2

13.S
(13.5
E
Coet3 lo 2 .),
CO
Îte decimal
3 2
2
L2 Xte4 O. 125
CE

2 x 4° S
x 4
RA

6
3x43 S7
3 7S
G

6o 2
s6 2.375 )1
SAcCOMve ullhplicabibn
OConvet &125 decimal
Step 1 The no.
e
toinary.
y adix dunyeted
roducig a ultplad
Nbeqe roduct that
adDral product
ru that e
numls.
EC3352_DSD

10
 www.Poriyaan.in
Step nteges pau cc
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi Etu

kEsd
4ealt
racional pa
Step 2 peanool cwdd +ectinad
adis Thi

o.812r 2 5 25o

o625x

E
O.SX.2
CO
And(o i to 1)
Cornyolemet
Replace. D by 1 Io
CE

1s Compenei

nd T'S Conplemar to
oo1o)
RA

Replace o ryi by o4 addI.

9Cownanes
G

'sCEmplemar t(too1 = ot o

plenent ubtractien

Sulstrac Amall no. io oge

lageu

maik no,
Deteninc. 1 Compleme

Add scomyplemerk* ag n.
EC3352_DSD Seuiet
d aod
Remnove dhe caiy
11
 www.Poriyaan.in
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi

Sultract (t Dlo11) on (11oo1),

:Lug 1'3 Complemext metkod

Mo, oo

s Com b m a ho o o oo

E
A (o o| lo),
CO
Sultractuoo o ag ho ton dmall n

Deternine s omp lenent large no

Add S Comyelerve -Smal n.
CE

X Ae S anpleneat et To get
t
antueu
ua tem teke
' s ComplerCet
RA

assign Ve
3'gn
o Jubbnc loo 1), to loto t1utg
G

r'sComalen et sulstactio

Comp o osgeh
T rmall ro

oO o

d
- 2 o01 1o),
EC3352_DSD

12
 www.Poriyaan.in
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi

sComp ement Sustracti

Sltrachis alleLnumiuL a

Petevmine Complerment a AmalleL ho

Add
complerment telasg no

Discaid cauy.
e9) Subtraet 01011), fhom(111oo1), g t Complert
I1 o o lagene
Olo

E
o0
' s Comp of mau, Do,
2icomp oSmll no,
CO
o
CE

A=
(ooi11.
iscand
RA

Jasge
smalieL no.
oultradt
Deteumine 's Comp aige
G

Add2's cno Ze mall no,

ansuet
To get
AnIue i 'sComP etm
assign-ve Sign te ansueL,

etm

Sultmet1loo1 am o1o ung 2 Compeox

a g e s t no à,11 oo||
s ConP 000 Ito
EC3352_DSD Com
13
 www.Poriyaan.in
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi

sCem agee no 0 Oo
IoI*
dmall no lo

Tuehetm
1),
Sinasy Code
-Digitaltal data Au Jepreerte
steieol 4
Orarsmtted a
gous binaiy cligits (bta)
9ouypebds- 3nay cod e.

E Numeuic 'Cocle -C(nunu)

CO
Tuwo ypa
phanumeu code -Cchalactet)
Clasicetisn
Weighbed Coce:
CE

Eadh Pesitisoas weight

&421 Coole
Non weighked ¬oce No asign eighr
RA

digit Paizhbo

Relectiu Coda
Code 9
r .

D, 4 f142,643.
G

Seouortial Cade 8 1 exces-3.

Aliphanuwmeic code Nwnlau, AGahalets C SeI)

Ee detedioo deAedion oda.

eatra Jats
e added ke deda to
maintain
data inteqmij euen Txin tRxim

EC3352_DSD

14
 www.Poriyaan.in
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi
Cod es

Weighied Jon-weiqh loy Rellective

eauontia Alpha. Erra
humeic
debewhing
Ooccey-3
Ccrecking
Ave bit
&h21
pccos 3
BcD ASc E-BCD
Codes

ECe 3

BcD P asuty Homira

Bind

E
Binauy coded oleimal
decimal o iepoEsenbed
CO
each diqit
oghoupP
code 84 21 C 4 J ) ,
BcD
Commen
CE

8
J t 3 eight
RA

B cD code
G

Decima

O O

EC3352_DSD

15
 www.Poriyaan.in
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi

BC D addibeo:-

)Add 13CD sing pinay addibo

) Ou swn ual oL b4

ttan 9, no CEAectie heeded. The

3wm prope 13 CD etn

3) 24 he grectel than
tou sum

e cawy geneateo on sum, thon

E
is invald
CO
4) To euectAdd (oll),, te te b
sum Casy ocuL adol te nett

ighe eide Bc ho,

CE

Swm Cqual s es with cay

(h) Ade 3 &6 BCD.
RA

G
3
G

swm reate than 9

)cldd 6 48i BCD

tto
OC14)
reate thon 9
Jo add 6 0t OO+
EC3352_DSD

16
 www.Poriyaan.in
e e s Casikh
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi
enuol cau
Sum

84 7 Bc
dd

n Coueet cD numlioe
7
Add 6 Oo o|

Prelems

E
additn
) Petfetm decimal 3CD ho,
CO
8 OOo1 O00
loo> 9 honec
CE

add 6,
Olo o o O1o
RA

Bc9dubtracton,

Sulstractn
Ja eyeuned
G

by qs A 1o Complement
digit n 9.
Sultract each

q's aplemet
Digit

2
3

EC3352_DSD

17
 www.Poriyaan.in
Step e. l b t r a t u s n o 8 c D ho,
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi
uing s Com

Find 's Canolemmet a hegate ro

Add numuors uiug BCD ddtlbn

.3. casuy not

net 9eneated. Sreuct 'hesative

d tia as Complement o seut, othe Ue

pesiive add t e dha oJLLk

E
aamy

CO
Pexfein 6)y-21) ecD g q's Conp

Step Find q's Coaplemend o 22

1scomp 2249-22) 77
CE
Sep 2: Add 6 ' s comp 2 2
RA
G

nVaG BCD ho.

olo 1 b -Add 6 n eachodigt
, o o1O o)
Covy.
EC3352_DSD
2 osu
18 As- (4) BcD
 www.Poriyaan.in
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi

cegp 24)t-(56.
o o 10 1Oo

con Sb >A3
ott (67ecp
Cauy
a's Comp o67 99-61 32

(24-(G), -32)
Sultraotisn lo bonp ement

E
BCD

lo's camp odecimal he Scomp +1.

CO
Finol lo's camp of497e.
CE

o 2 -
RA

6,50 3 1'S CenP

G

e Autracien gin l0s comp

Steps
Find los Cem negative ho
Add uue nes uing BCD adition

3. P CONy S n o k genetated. auult as hegative

&ind s comp o esult helui

pesite discaid Casiy,

EC3352_DSD

19
 www.Poriyaan.in
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi

DPexetn (4)23)in B¢D g os cp

s comp 22 (19-22)+1 e78.

Add 4 +18

4 6

-22 78 1 . 1 1 0 90

o 1 1 binvabd BCD

E
Add 6 eah d
CO
Coby 2 Resud

There caky
CE

(gcn-2Bto24)ecD
Penetm (4a (st)10 ing
RA

os
Comp.
to's cop u 5(1 -s6 1= hh
G

( 2
24
-32

Take o's Comp

arnduue
tS comp
68 2 19- 68)4i
EC3352_DSD
(24-(5, -) 20
32
 www.Poriyaan.in
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi

nauyAddition

+ lo cay)
A BC Sun

E
D
CO
CE
RA
G

cos 3 code

Hocfied &vn BCD

Add 3 te the BcD Code each digt
00 O0jD
olecimal 12
O'o Oo
Acld 3
EC3352_DSD ofO00101
21
 www.Poriyaan.in
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi
Etce s 3 Code
Deamal

E
8 O 1
CO
Exce3 adoliten:.

Proceduse:
CE

) Acld ecces- 3 .ho

1) cay ddol 3 te suwm dipits
RA

Fzaple
G

excess-3 O1 )
excess-3 o o'

Add3 0ot
Ol08 1 excess 3

EC3352_DSD

22
 www.Poriyaan.in
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi

eg
Ce 3

2 e a c eNs -3 o 10T
3

3-0 O 1
No cosy -sulbhaet
(6)-L LEu-3.

ces- 3 sultractisn:

Protecuuua
Aulstrahend
the
Complement

E
Sultraherd. te minuond
)Add Comolemerted
CO
Resuet is', +ve Add33
Add
DD casuy,
subtet3

coy o, Rexult s -ve,

CE

8-5
o 1 Ceacces~ 3) >Minuend.
oo subtrahend
3
ecceu
|0
RA

Compement o subhaherd
3
G

Io (6) exceu-3

EC3352_DSD

23
 www.Poriyaan.in
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi

(eg) Peskeu he sulstraction64

319 's
ho
319) exces-3 sing Com

method
ek
Exce-3 te 645 ool o11 1000
Fxces 3 o 319 oo I00 l1 Oo

Comp e 319 ool

E
6AS o o1 l'ooo
-314
CO
3 26
CE

OAto olo 00
1 O O0 etes -3
(32
RA

ay Code:
534.
Code.
Apecial
G

disbance Code caja - wt

*Dt s clled
Refleçtive code
Any e adyacent code. qeups dl
Oiy one t
pasibin.
ay te binay OneDo

i)nSB same
Ex -OR qneny
nexr iwith MSB bm ay.
) Repeat End.
EC3352_DSD

24
 www.Poriyaan.in
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi
(e) cnvet 9ay code (loote Binauy

M SB
LSe

A: (11 1
Covelt 1ay (1o lo) to binag

E
Convet gray (io|l loDte bnay.
CO
e ray Cnvesian!
CE

B'in oy
nc. a 1ray Codie
I HSB inay
RA

dhe
nauy is the XoR
th
2. HSD o
et ot inasy e tsnghb
nex
G

) oveit BinayIo/o te grey ode.

o

LSB
MSB

Conveu (i1oloo ) fe ray,

EC3352_DSD

25
 www.Poriyaan.in
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi
Comvext (11olo1), e y Code

Ubit distance Coda

The b pattekn el T
Conuecudue u n e dille n n y ne bd peshin

gra Coda

Chanatet

E
code Alphanim ellc coda):-
CO
Cemmuicatiss e need nLumas,
ymbes CEmmonu Knoun as non-um@ dap
a,t,,4, 4
CE

Code has numer aphabeu Ashanumeu

Coda.
ASCI
RA

Ameucan Stendasd Code

e
Dounalien tenchorge.
G

iEBC DiC Ex tended Binosy Coded, deimal

rerrong Code
decimal digits a
seprgcdsed
BeD Cod proc eded. by 111

EC3352_DSD

26
 www.Poriyaan.in
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi

Code ec detedirg Ceactirg eiss

dettcty
Pasuby t
euel

te make,
d ad ded to m
euage
eocbra

ho. e I's aOdd e

added t e onunted
Pasity y a

s seoived.
SOnma bt
The Cihcuut that genescdto pasty

E
Caled pasay 9enetatel
CO
ha.
The cacuut that check pauty n

ecave J
called Pasy ehecke
CE

3 i t medage mesaqe arith mesae wth

odd pauty een paty
RA

ABC

L
G

EC3352_DSD

27
 www.Poriyaan.in
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi

Boolean Pestulates-
7lgeBoot 1854 develpeoy
eatmert g c . BoL algelutac systn reun a
Boelean Algelsa
Texminel@ay
Varialle
Asymbel whichAepsejerst n aibibay
algelua is
elemert Boelean

E
Vasialle A+ee
CO
Vaualle ale A B4C

Constat

A vaialle. , u à Costart
CE

Complement. t
t Hepeserteol oy hauing A cshen
RA

ro A = ot A=l then A

Litenaly
Each OCCLuNance, ob vauialle nBoelean
G

encis: tercl

Bootoan tunchions:. Lieha

Boolean epresios a Contuudol
y Conecting he Boelean Censtants ord valialka

wth Boeleon Openatioru Thes Boelean exaaRuson

alo Boelean
knouy a ula
CA,8, c)= A+B) C
EC3352_DSD
()
28
 www.Poriyaan.in
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi
Post ulate Boeloan Algelua
A +o - o+A =A
1) A A I =A
i) Commutative. A+B 3tA
iv Distibutue propextyY
(6-+) A.e)4 (A.c)
A (B.c)
+
A+8) (A+)
)Ao then
hen A =o

E
Theehem o Boeean Algelva:
i) Duahy
CO
AND te o
OR.
AND 4
Steps change oe to

ay o et expreu.
Comyplemett
CE

iiy Basic Thestems

+A A
RA

AA = (A+A). I

= (A+A). (A+
=. ) 4 A +11
G

A+0 = A

the pAoay
HenCe
A+o~ A

A =A

EC3352_DSD

29
 www.Poriyaan.in
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi

X A 1=
A I 1 (A+1
( AXA+ 1)

+A AA +AA
A
A+A+A +0

+A4

Theetens
E
CO

+ Ae-A
CE

A +AB A.1+ AB
ACI+8)
RA

A.1
A
ence the ploo
G

A (A+0) A
ACA+8)- A.A +(A.)
A+ AB8
A
ence YO

A AB =A +8
AAB AAB,+AB
A B(AtA)
AB.
EC3352_DSD
A+B
30a . prTo
Hen ta
 www.Poriyaan.in
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi

e (+e) +e) (6+8)

A + AB ABA +AB8
AB .o+ AB

Henca dha pro

Assoiative:-
A+(B+¢) (A+B)+C
nvekutten A -A
Ddernpobeny A+A=A
E
A.A A
A+=A A00
CO
Dem eigans theelem:
D AB = A +8
CE

Consenus theelem:
AB + AC +BC AB+ AC
RA

ual o Cadenus thetem

(A+) CA4C)(+c)s (A+8) (A+c)
G

Prob em:
abc+ab C + bc abc. usng
Simplby f boelean laus.

f-+c)ab +ab c + bc
a b + abC abc
ahbC) abe

ac + abc
ab
ab C Caba)
Catb
EC3352_DSD ab E C

b tbec
ac31
 www.Poriyaan.in
simpify3
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi
BB A +AB

(6). .(h6)
(ns) A (A+E)
AB CA +8)

A BA A BB

AB+ Ac + ABc (AB+C)

E
=AB+ AC +A eC AB + ABCC
CO
AB Ac +
C.Cze
(Ae A)+E +AGC
CE

=A 8+ +A c

A +Ae c) +e+
RA
G

Prove the tellowin uing Jembigars theblon.

AB+cD = Ae.cD
ABCD AB+CD
AB CD

EC3352_DSD

32
 www.Poriyaan.in
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi
(A 6). Cc+D) (Ate): C+D)

9) (5)
hr Complement A+Bc + Ab

A Bc +AB

A1+) +eC
A C1)+ Bc

ABc

E
6+T)
CO
Simpli y
y i z yz

a b c +ab c + abc
CE

( ) (a+9)
RA

ogic aakes
basic elenerts that
the
>logic gatesae
G

digita yto
make p
a chcut
dcuut thod i
hod
electionic gato
The humbe Jinauy
alle to pelat
Pefotna pautiuda
8de
input
logicod unction
a NOT, AND, R
asic Logic 9atd
9ates
Cocchusvewoe
eat lusive oR,
NAND,
EC3352_DSD NOA
33
 www.Poriyaan.in
NOT
4931_Grace
(nvete
college of9Engineering,Thoothukudi
otn-

The Ouutput i
Cornp emet
dymirol

Tuth talle.

nput output
A

Boelean
E
CO
Appli catin
Used CDmplement (Invet ) digird
CE

AND qatn '

The Ousput i h oly cwhen all
RA

Snputs Jigh
0ic diaqra
G

A
8

7Auh talule
Lnput OutputE

EC3352_DSD

34
 www.Poriyaan.in
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi
Boelean eorpve

pplcaton
Opeiti
Lnplement
logical AND

OR at
Cohen
The Output ih
input Jigh
ogiciagram
A
B

E
Tush talle
CO
npu OLtput
| B
CE
RA

Boelean escAreMioo,.
y : AtB
G

Apphcotions
te implementJogie
OR opeiatiss
sesl

Butes Output s seome

inp t

The
Baclern s Coye
logic iagro

Tuth-teble nput Ouput|

EC3352_DSD

35
 www.Poriyaan.in
ppHcotio
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi

Us ed nceoe the Output

doving copacity
NAND
Outpuut kigh only when
ha input low

Siynbel

Boolean esvenue

E
CO
Tth talule

hput Oulput
CE
RA

plicatto
G

Csed
sed te implemest ay Cugital oru

NoR gaú
Thte Ocutout igh whenall he
Jnput al Jouw.

Syrnbel A

EC3352_DSD

36
 www.Poriyaan.in
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi
Boelean espreuen:

Tuth sable

nput Oukyput
N

Application:
Drmyalemet
E
any dgitl eieuit.
CO
Ex cine -
0R CEx-OR)gata
Only ohen
The Output hgh
high
CE

Odd humlueu nutt

Symlel
RA

A
8

Boslean..Cxprei
G

ADe
AB AB
udh table Oukpu

magnitude
implement
t uyed to
onvete oldeu/uetaoteu Cirtuut-
pplrcotitn
EC3352_DSD
gray cole
CrnyasoaT 37
 www.Poriyaan.in
NOR (Ev-V0 gate):
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi
Ercluire
The oukput à Jigh an
euen o One
unput a l hpu
a kigh
dymesl
A y
B

Boalean peuebo:.

J A DDe
AeAB
t h kalle;.

E
CO
p u t Outpct
CE
RA

phcati eve pasdy

te mplernent
Ured
G

venpau heeke
Ceryaratot
generateL,

Univesal gatu
NAND4 NOR gateu ae whweNalp

Becaus all gatas can ee alerrea

Jry NAND (o) NoA

EC3352_DSD

38
 www.Poriyaan.in
Canonica Standand heims:
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi

Yroduct Telm
The AND un etion
alesiedl te

roductt bem The vaualde in product

Can
appea eithe v Cnplemented et
uncomplenehted. stm Fe e-y
Sum eun
OR unden
aetad a

(e +y+
E
CO
Sum o poduct oP)

Theyaa logical sw
met agical produett teims ethe Conp emetsl
CE

t un Complenented.
RA

Produet o Su Pas)

They
They ala. ogical produet o tue
G

Logical Jum tem

(e) F(44) ( T+z)

Minteum
A product eun Contaning all the
K Vavalles e unckias ethe cenplemerted
el Cncanplemetco Collod intem

EC3352_DSD

39
 www.Poriyaan.in
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi

Dnputs Minten (mi)

Tesms
eliq
a'y'
x'g'z
yz

y m
o y z

E
CO
Man teAm
The tesm comtain ing all he
ot Junctis called. moasen
CE

k- vavaliles the

nput Max tetm (M)

RA

ehms Daiqnaieo
G

+9+2 M
otty42
OL+y2 M3

Ms
M
EC3352_DSD
C+g+Z2 M
40
 www.Poriyaan.in
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi
Swn Mintetm
whese Lum elelines
Themintetm
boelean uncbia au these shieh gives

'ss e ta. fwndiso uk tabl.

x'y'z zy2+yz
O00 o

F
Z.o, +, 7)
Po duct o Man Aetm
whos product ehefines

E
aa keum
hec which qires d
CO
te boolearn unctt a

in tho
th talle
nchin

F x +y+2) (t +y +2) ( x'+G+2)

CE

- Mo .M. Mu
f 1o,2,4)
RA

Boelean fun eti eapeued as dum o

produ c of
maxkn ald aid. ko lne
minkey o

tn conoica em,
G

Can Onical Sof e p rec

F CA, B, <) = (o,S,6)

AD

ABc ABc 4 ABC

EC3352_DSD

41
 www.Poriyaan.in
SOP t
onimcalS
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi
Convet

Proceouuue
given
jogic
tha.
tesm

mintem ath tuna

Check each
tetainiti4 it

go to step 2
Finad the Vaiables
thtt a s
miSing
productt which i not a miteim.
Cach
()o
poduct by
Hutip ky ta.
a masing Vavalta
Vavabla
Vavialle e ' t h a
tha pro
ductt that
that mtha
Musip Husipy aU
Kedundat e

E
and Omd the
teunsbyPplyy laele
CO
Caxpandl te
the lelal praduct
lauw Aesole

cantvcal Sop et (A,B Ag

tho
CE

obtai

A
RA

Two vavabls e

Vaualla A i mis Sing

B st evn
G

9(A,8): A+ B

A.1+ B. 1
ACB4) +e (A+ )

AB+ AL + ABAB.
AB+A4AB.
m m2 m
EC3352_DSD yA Z (2,3)
42
 www.Poriyaan.in
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi

Convet e un dibo y a xy
Sum o mihtetm.

Setn
y y yz'
4 )(y)(z421) xylzn2') 4*'y2

ms+ M4 m+
mot M7 }mgtm2
m
lo,12, ,

E
S, 6,7).
CO
Hw
Convet b6G'con ecprerien e Conaial

k A +B'c
CE

LanDnicol PosS
RA

F t8+a) ( A18+2)
(2,3)
G

Conveutto
canonical Poß.
Procedwe to

Find missing teral in each sum tetn texaly

itelay
auing mssng
Adding eaoh Swn tev
totals its dowrydenes.
lyANDing
th n (x.7).
lau
dixtvbutve
pying
pand
CEox te y sun
epeat
y Omiting
epremo
Reduto ha
EC3352_DSDi
sons any
43
 www.Poriyaan.in
nical
proxto
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi = At6C iPos.

N-ABc
8)CA+c) d'styibue Ja A

ArE +cE) Lp+es c)

c , CA B+E(AB+c) CA*

.
M, Ms Mo
Moe-17, (o,23)

E
H.D
CO
F-A +6) Bac) (c+A) Con vet t a

Kasnaua Map Minimi2atioo CR-map):

(k-map)
CE

map give s a 4 yottnatc

RA

ppoach bel imp4dng Boolean Cxrees

I-vaiable, 2- Vavialla 3-Valialla 4-Vatalle Ho

G

Conkanl boxes allecl cel

Vaviallemap as 4 Celle

3 2 8 cally.
,2 IL cell

EC3352_DSD

44
 www.Poriyaan.in
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi
A e o 1o

7-Valialble -valiali 3-Navalde mop

map
Ce cellu) -Vaialie mop
(2cella) C4 cellu)
Fig k.mae
A Bc6
A 6 C

E
- Vallable mop.
2-Vaialle map
3 Valiake map.
CO
AB CD D CD

ABcD

AB ACTD AcD BCD

CE

S
Ae ABC A8 TD AB CD ABD

AB
RA

-vaiable: moy

9Label tha us elumn

G

Kepresertatis, dt trush tale. n

Smallest unit o a k-mp ceasptnolug

On line uth talle.

pi/P Vvavallos a Ha celo-etdinia

Coster
is t celli
Vaballes

EC3352_DSD

45
 www.Poriyaan.in
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi
u t h balle

1 a

Standasd SoP on X-map

Kepreseting
XA booean Can Jbe

Plo bed t k- map y Pladg eech eech oll

CeAtpondurg
E
t e a ten (mintem) SoaP
CO
Remainny cel0a LOled oth Zeios

Plot Bootean epreso AB +AB +A3c

CE

On X-map

ABC
A 6C
RA

o
G

ABC AGC

Plot Boelean
expreye Jc HABc +A8cD=
As of ABCDt ABTD mkm

ooo
o
I BcD
11

o
ABc
EC3352_DSD
DBTD ABcD
46
 www.Poriyaan.in
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi
Pepresenting LPo3 on K-Tep-
Bg acing aon each r e
celuespondurg a tem Cmartetn) in be eapresscin.
Remaining Celll u. lled sih Ors.

Pdot Boenn epegresi Y (A+8+c) (A+ +E)

At6+C
CBE) Ca+ +)

+B+C

Plot Boelenn eoprel

E
CO
=
(B+ C+D) CA +E+ +D) CA+6+E) CÃ4B+ c+D)
C 6T+D)
nyupino Celly e
Simpiicatiso
CE

Fei Simplifgg th Boelean nctis

aroping
RA

Comining teums sn adjatet celiy

G

Adjatent celle.

EC3352_DSD

47
 www.Poriyaan.in
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi
ad a cent Ones,-
nYOuping

y-ABC+ ABc

Ac
Elminato teum nta
t ppeas boshin
Comp 4 un(mplenedel

E
BC
yA BC +ABC A
CO
AC (B 4B)

AC
CE

TDCa +)
RA

BD
to
G

group)AC

AC4Ag.
roup - AB

EC3352_DSD

48
 www.Poriyaan.in
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi
Chroupig Aaojatent Dras

.
O0 o D

o
A
NA
CD

Pe90 o lo
Oo

11 BBD

E
CO
N:8D
CE

N 05
(
RA

gvroup o
AB
G

roup3
AC
AD

AB+ AD+ Ac
CDOO ol o

EC3352_DSD

49
 www.Poriyaan.in
Laa groupig
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi

Diagoned gDu Gvouping dd ro.o oel

sleal llegal.
Simplicatiss Sop expvehco-

Minimi2e , e i C ÀBc ABc + ABC+A

BC
E Be
CO
A BC

A
CE
RA

N C+6
inimine
G

y 6 D ABt D+
AGCD+AGTD+ ABD=
ABc

N c5 50AEDA RT
EC3352_DSD
 www.Poriyaan.in
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi

E unctio
SimpPy e Jogi 8peeed by dhe
CO
buh talla usine K- majp
o p Vatalle2
P , C as Vatalle
CE

A
|
RA
G

oo

BC
o (o

,
C

EC3352_DSD

51
 www.Poriyaan.in
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi

(SReduce uin
AB,C,9) 2mo,',+,4,1,1)

1
BC

Don't COxe Condtiens

E hoai Pign
CO
O Find he reducmd SOP 4
.
CE

Sol
AB FD cD D CD D
RA

AB

a 1o
G

co

fCA,9, C, D) : AS + CD.
Reduce tha tunctio
uikma
A,B, c,D)- m{s6,7,213)

A6,,
o

EC3352_DSD

52
 www.Poriyaan.in
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi
Simp i ficetisn aPOS Estporeou;-

A+B)(A+ +7) at +E) C +8 +) (A GG)

Minim2a y-

Set
t BtE)=Ma
P +84E) =H,
Mo.
B+c) Hu At B+c) =

6+C

E
(6e) CE+7).
@»c) (A^a)
CO
=

etowing CaJung -mop

Reeluca
fCA, c,D)||M (o, 2,3, 8,9,12 13,1
CE

6,

B+T
RA

1
-> B D
G

+)
(A+C)
= (+&5)(A+B+2)( A+8)

lellosing nciss mo,

urg Kop.
the
Reduca
T (o,3, t+, 7, P, 1o, 12,)a o (, .
P'A,B, C,D) =

EC3352_DSD

53
 www.Poriyaan.in
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi

uine H cugkey ethod

ine

Stepa
Cnenenode Paine p cants
Conutut PAime. mpi cant Tala.

3. Reduca. Pine Implican

HSelve Pume mplicat Tal
alb.

Eq
E
CO
Minimize (o,, S,",19, 12 ,13,14,I5s) uw
Quwhe He cukey Method
CE

Stp Listing he Binay code each hwn.

No Binay
RA

O O000
G

5 o101

o lo1o

12

13 1o1

1s

EC3352_DSD Tallo
54
 www.Poriyaan.in
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi

Step2 itting Binay Nwnbers accetdung

hunl of a t Tabla 2

Step3 Mang Tale. Daals tom Talle

Sbep3
A6CD
ABCD

ooooX
h,12
S

E
(oo
513
CO
lo,1L
O 2)3
13 Itol Y 12,1

13, 1S
CE

T o l 3.

Talte
RA

Quads
Talse3.
Talbe.s.
table o
Step nenelaing
G

ABLD
ABCD

P? 4,5, 17,)3
Ofh ,12,S13-lo-
JA,S X
,13,7,1S -1-1, P2
S7, 13, )S 1
O-O
S3 2,13, , 15 .
o14
13 1,)t,13,15 1
7,1 Talle:
13, 1

EC3352_DSD Tolte 3

55
 www.Poriyaan.in
4931_Grace college of Engineering,Thoothukudi

Pime p t a
StepsMatin

Pyime o 7 Jo 12 13
Impicast ene

E
4, S,1,13 **
CO
S13,1,1S
213,),1S
CE

ep 6: Genenatihg ddP rnPume nplicart

RA

PC. ABCD
G

0- 00
0,4

S,13,7,1 - 1-1

4, S)13-70-

minimized soP Ac'D AtD

S
EC3352_DSD
Jhe
56
wrewrmernng
 Chat with Lecture Send Your Notes /
QP

Anna University ECE - Reg 2021

1st Semester 2nd Semester 3rd Semester
Random Process & Linear
Professionsal English I Professional English II
Algebra
Statistics and Numerical C Programming & Data
Matrices and Calculas Methods Structures
Engineering Graphics Signals and Systems
Engineering Physics
Physics for Electronics
Electronic Devices and Circuits
Engineering
Engineering Chemistry
Electrical and Instrumentation Control Systems
Engineering
Problem Solving & Python
Programming Circuit Analysis Digital Systems Designs

4th Semester 5th Semester 6th Semester

Electromagnetic Fields Embedded System & IOT

Wireless Communication Design

Networks & Security Artificial Intelligence &

VLSI and Chip Design
Machine Learning
Linear Integrated Circuits Transmission Lines & RF Open Elective I
Systems
Digital Signal Processing Professional Elective I Professional Course III

Communication Systems Professional Elective II Professional Course IV

Environmental Sciences &

Sustainability Mandatory Course I Mandatory Course II

7th Semester 8th Semester

Human Values & Ethics Project Work

Elective Management

EEE ECE
Open Elective II CSE
Open Elective III Click on clouds to navigate
other departments
Open Elective IV

MECH CIVIL
http://www.poriyaan.in