Test Date Test Duration Session Venue

20 APRIL 2022 1.5 08:00 - 09:30 All SWE and NWE

venues

University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg

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Course Code No(s) MECN2010/MECN2010A

Course Description name(s)

Introduction to Materials Science and Engineering

Date of Test
20 April 2022

Year of Study Second

Programme Code EF005, EF006, EF007, SB000, EFA05, EFA06, EFA07,

(Degree Code) SBA00

Faculty/ies presenting
candidates Engineering

Internal examiner(s)
and telephone extension Mr J Jones x77689
number(s)

External examiner(s) Mr F Pietra

Yes No
Open Book Exam

Electronic Devices/Computers. Please indicate if any

devices will be used during the exam and if so
what device/devices will be used? Calculator

Special materials required (graph/music/drawing

paper) maps, diagrams, tables, computer cards, etc. None

Time allowance
Course MECN2010/ Hours 1.5
Nos. MECN2010A

Instructions to candidates (Examiners may wish to

use this space to indicate, inter alia, the contribution
made by this examination or test towards One A4 sheet of handwritten information (both sides) is
the year mark, if appropriate) allowed.
SEE PAGE 1 FOR INSTRUCTIONS
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INSTRUCTIONS: This question paper consists of 13 pages including the cover page, this page and the
2 pages of pertinent information given at the end. Please check that you have all the required pages.

1. Time allowance is 1.5 hours.

2. This is a closed book assessment. One A4 sheet of handwritten information (both sides) is allowed.

3. Please fill in your student number on the top of each page of this assessment paper.

4. Indicate clearly your chosen answer A, B, C, D, E in the space provided on the question paper.
There is only one correct answer per MCQ question.

5. Please answer questions 5-9 in the space provided on the question paper. Show all working!
Exam books will not be marked!

6. You must submit your answer paper and exam book at the end of the assessment. Your information
sheet must be submitted with the exam book.

7. Write clearly in ink. Figures may be drawn in pencil.

8. All incorrect work must be clearly crossed out on the page. Neatness, clarity of presentation, and
evidence of logical thought will be considered in assessing scripts.

9. Each solution must have proper units.

10. Maintain four decimal places throughout your calculations so that your final answer will be correct
to three decimal places.

11. Answer all questions. The mark allocation for each question is as follows:

Table 1: Mark allocation per question

Question Number Description Marks
1-4 MCQ 8
5-7 Short Questions 12
8 Mechanical Properties 10
9 Solid Solutions and Phase Diagrams 10

12. Questions 1-4 are multiple choice questions. The following applies:

• correct answer = M marks

• no answer = 0 marks
• wrong answer penalty will be calculated according to the following equation: P=M/(C-
1), where P - Penalty, M - Mark for question, C - number of possible choices.
• For True or False type questions, the penalty is -1 mark for incorrect answers

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Multiple Choice (Total = 8 marks)

Answer the following questions by writing the letter associated the single correct answer in the space
provided. Note that the questions carry negative marks.

1. True or False: Generally, a Metal is more ductile than a Polymer.

A. True
B. False

ANSWER

(Correct ans: 2 marks, Incorrect ans: -1 mark)

2. Dislocations are most likely to move through metallic materials due to:

A. The directional bonding associated with metallic structures.

B. Longer Burgers vectors associated with this type of bond, which promote slip under low
stresses.
C. Metallic materials having a high number of close-packed directions.
D. Metallic structures typically having lower interatomic spacings.
E. None of the above.

ANSWER

(Correct ans: 2 marks, Incorrect ans: -0.5 marks)

3. At approximately what temperature does iron transform from a FCC structure to a BCC structure
when cooling from 1110 ◦ C?

A. 646 ◦ C.
B. 1000 ◦ C.
C. 912 ◦ C.
D. 890 ◦ C.
E. None of the above.

ANSWER

(Correct ans: 2 marks, Incorrect ans: -0.5 marks)

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4. Which of the following is an example of a line defect?

A. Disruption.
B. Interstitial atom.
C. Frenkel defect.
D. Substitutional atom.
E. None of the above.

ANSWER

(Correct ans: 2 marks, Incorrect ans: -0.5 marks)

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Short Questions (Total = 12 marks)

Answer the following questions in the spaces provided.

5. A hypothetical metal has a cubic structure with a density of 4 g/cm3 , a lattice parameter of
0.502 nm and an atomic mass of 150 amu. Determine the crystal structure of the hypothetical
metal?

(3 marks)

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6. A hypothetical metal has a Yield strength of 450 MPa when the grain size is 17 µm and 350 MPa
when the grain size is 23 µm. The metal is to be used for an application that requires a design
stress of 225 MPa with a safety factor of 2. What grain size does the metal need to have for this
application?

(4 marks)

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7. Using the information provided in the appendix, determine whether Chromium (Cr) will have
unlimited solubility in Gold (Au)? Justify your answer using the Hume-Rothery rules. Show all
working.

(5 marks)

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Stress-Strain Question (total = 10 marks)

Answer the following question in the spaces provided.

Figure 1: Stress-Strain diagram of T651 Aluminium sample

8. The Stress-Strain diagram of a T651 Aluminium specimen is shown in Figure 1. The gauge length
of the specimen was 43.2 mm and the diameter of the specimen was 3.7 mm at the start of the test.
Using this information, answer the questions that follow:

(8.1) Label/Indicate the following in Figure 1:

• Youngs Modulus
• Elastic Limit
• UTS
• Total Plastic Strain
(4 marks)

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(8.2) Calculate the final length of the sample if the test is stopped at a strain of 6.75E−02 and the
sample is removed from the grips. Note that the elastic portion of the curve can be defined
by the points (0.000833,80) and (0.0025,160). Show all relevant calculations.

(6 marks)

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Phase Diagrams and Solid Solutions: (Total = 10 marks)

Figure 2: Magnesium-Lead phase diagram

9. Using the Magnesium Lead phase diagram shown in Figure 2, answer the questions that follow:

(9.1) A magnesium-lead alloy of composition 80 wt% Mg– 20% wt Pb is slowly cooled from
700 ◦ C. At what temperature does the first solid phase form and what is its composition?

(4 marks)

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(9.2) From what temperature would the alloy need to be heated from, and what composition would
be needed for the alloy, if the composition of the last remaining solid before the alloy is fully
melted is 30 wt% Pb and 70 wt% Mg? What would the solidification temperature of this
alloy be?

(6 marks)

END OF QUESTION PAPER

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Appendix A:

Figure 3: Characteristics of Elements

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Appendix B:

Figure 4: Period Table