Cloud Computing

Modified from Mark Baker

Cloud Architecture

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 Cloud Computing Characteristics
Common Characteristics:
Massive Scale Resilient Computing

Homogeneity Geographic Distribution

Virtualization Service Orientation

Low Cost Software Advanced Security

Essential Characteristics:

On Demand Self-Service
Broad Network Access Rapid Elasticity
Resource Pooling Measured Service

Adopted from: Effectively and Securely Using the Cloud Computing Paradigm by peter Mell, Tim 3
Grance
 Different Cloud Computing Layers
MS Live/ExchangeLabs, IBM,
Application Service
Google Apps; Salesforce.com
(SaaS) Quicken Online, Zoho, Cisco

Google App Engine, Mosso,

Application Platform Force.com, Engine Yard,
Facebook, Heroku, AWS

Server Platform 3Tera, EC2, SliceHost,

GoGrid, RightScale, Linode

Storage Platform Amazon S3, Dell, Apple, ...

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 Cloud Computing Service Layers
Services Description
Services – Complete business services such as
Services PayPal, OpenID, OAuth, Google Maps, Alexa

Application Application – Cloud based software that eliminates

Application the need for local installation such as Google Apps,
Focused Microsoft Online

Development – Software development platforms used

Development to build custom cloud based applications (PAAS &
SAAS) such as SalesForce

Platform – Cloud based platforms, typically provided

Platform using virtualization, such as Amazon ECC, Sun Grid

Storage – Data storage or cloud based NAS such

Infrastructure Storage as CTERA, iDisk, CloudNAS

Focused
Hosting – Physical data centers such as those run
Hosting by IBM, HP, NaviSite, etc.

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 Basic Cloud Characteristics
• The “no-need-to-know” in terms of the underlying
details of infrastructure, applications interface with
the infrastructure via the APIs.
• The “flexibility and elasticity” allows these systems
to scale up and down at will
– utilising the resources of all kinds
• CPU, storage, server capacity, load balancing, and databases
• The “pay as much as used and needed” type of
utility computing and the “always on!, anywhere
and any place” type of network-based computing.

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 Cloud Architecture
• On-demand self-service.
– A consumer can unilaterally provision computing
capabilities such as server time and network
storage as needed automatically, without
requiring human interaction with a service
provider.

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 Basic Cloud Characteristics
• On-demand self-service.
– A consumer can unilaterally provision computing
capabilities such as server time and network
storage as needed automatically, without
requiring human interaction with a service
provider.

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 Basic Cloud Characteristics
• Broad network access.
– Capabilities are available over the network and
accessed through standard mechanisms that
promote use by heterogeneous thin or thick client
platforms (e.g., mobile phones, laptops, and PDAs)
as well as other traditional or cloud based
software services.

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 Basic Cloud Characteristics
• Resource pooling.
– The provider’s computing resources are pooled
to serve multiple consumers using a multi-
tenant model, with different physical and virtual
resources dynamically assigned and reassigned
according to consumer demand.

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 Basic Cloud Characteristics
• Rapid elasticity.
– Capabilities can be rapidly and elastically
provisioned - in some cases automatically - to
quickly scale out; and rapidly released to quickly
scale in.
– To the consumer, the capabilities available for
provisioning often appear to be unlimited and can
be purchased in any quantity at any time.

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 Basic Cloud Characteristics
• Measured service.
– Cloud systems automatically control and optimize
resource usage by leveraging a metering capability
at some level of abstraction appropriate to the
type of service.
– Resource usage can be monitored, controlled, and
reported - providing transparency for both the
provider and consumer of the service.

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Cloud Service Models Exercise

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 Cloud-Sourcing
• Why is it becoming a Big Deal:
– Using high-scale/low-cost providers,
– Any time/place access via web browser,
– Rapid scalability; incremental cost and load sharing,
– Can forget need to focus on local IT.
• Concerns:
– Performance, reliability, and SLAs,
– Control of data, and service parameters,
– Application features and choices,
– Interaction between Cloud providers,
– No standard API – mix of SOAP and REST!
– Privacy, security, compliance, trust…
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Some Commercial Cloud Offerings

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 Cloud Storage
• Several large Web companies are now exploiting the
fact that they have data storage capacity that can be
hired out to others.
– allows data stored remotely to be temporarily cached on
desktop computers, mobile phones or other Internet-
linked devices.

• Amazon’s Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) and Simple

Storage Solution (S3) are well known examples
– Mechanical Turk

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