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6exp_Encoder_Decoder

The lab manual outlines the objectives, apparatus, theory, procedure, and results for understanding and implementing encoder and decoder circuits using logic gates. It details the workings of a 4-to-2 encoder and a 2-to-4 decoder, including their logic expressions and truth tables. The successful implementation of these circuits demonstrates their fundamental role in digital systems for data representation and processing.

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3 views

6exp_Encoder_Decoder

The lab manual outlines the objectives, apparatus, theory, procedure, and results for understanding and implementing encoder and decoder circuits using logic gates. It details the workings of a 4-to-2 encoder and a 2-to-4 decoder, including their logic expressions and truth tables. The successful implementation of these circuits demonstrates their fundamental role in digital systems for data representation and processing.

Uploaded by

mubashirazam1402
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lab Manual: Encoder and Decoder

Circuits
Objective
1. To understand the working principles of encoders and decoders.

2. To design and implement basic encoder and decoder circuits using logic gates.

Apparatus Required
- Logic gate ICs (e.g., 7408 for AND, 7432 for OR, 7404 for NOT).

- Breadboard.

- Connecting wires.

- DC power supply (5V).

- LEDs (with current-limiting resistors).

- Toggle switches.

Theory

Encoder
An encoder is a combinational circuit that converts information from 2^n input lines to an
n-bit output. It performs the reverse operation of a decoder. Encoders are widely used in
data compression and digital systems to minimize the number of bits needed to represent
data.

Example: 4-to-2 Encoder


Inputs: D0, D1, D2, D3

Outputs: Y1, Y0

Logic Expression:

Y0 = D1 + D3

Y1 = D2 + D3
Truth Table:

D3 D2 D1 D0 Y1 Y0
0 0 0 1 0 0
0 0 1 0 0 1
0 1 0 0 1 0
1 0 0 0 1 1

Decoder
A decoder is a combinational circuit that converts an n-bit input into 2^n output lines. It is
used to decode encoded data for display or further processing.

Example: 2-to-4 Decoder


Inputs: A1, A0

Outputs: D0, D1, D2, D3

Logic Expression:

D0 = NOT(A1) AND NOT(A0)

D1 = NOT(A1) AND A0

D2 = A1 AND NOT(A0)

D3 = A1 AND A0

Truth Table:

A1 A0 D3 D2 D1 D0
0 0 0 0 0 1
0 1 0 0 1 0
1 0 0 1 0 0
1 1 1 0 0 0
Circuit Diagrams
diagrams for implementing the 4-to-2 encoder and 2-to-4 decoder circuits using the
specified ICs and logic gates.

Procedure

Encoder
1. Connect the circuit for a 4-to-2 encoder on a breadboard as per the logic diagram.

2. Apply inputs (D0 to D3) using toggle switches.

3. Observe the output (Y1, Y0) on LEDs.

4. Verify the output against the truth table.

Decoder
1. Connect the circuit for a 2-to-4 decoder on a breadboard as per the logic diagram.

2. Apply inputs (A1, A0) using toggle switches.

3. Observe the outputs (D0 to D3) on LEDs.

4. Verify the outputs against the truth table.

Observation Tables

Encoder
D3 D2 D1 D0 Y1 Y0
Decoder
A1 A0 D3 D2 D1 D0

Result
The encoder and decoder circuits were successfully implemented and verified. The outputs
matched the expected behavior as per the truth tables.

Conclusion
Encoders and decoders are fundamental components in digital systems. They play a critical
role in data representation and processing by converting between different formats.

Viva Questions
- What is the primary difference between an encoder and a decoder?

- Why are encoders used in data compression?

- How does a 4-to-2 encoder differ from a 2-to-4 decoder?

- Can you implement a decoder using only NAND gates?

- What are the practical applications of encoders and decoders in digital systems?

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