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Assignement 3

The document is an assignment for Industrial Mathematics at Devi Ahilya Vishwavidyalaya, focusing on singular value decomposition, its applications in image processing, and various mathematical problems related to data fitting and regression analysis. It includes definitions, theoretical questions, and practical exercises involving matrices and data points. The assignment also covers estimating parameters in mathematical models using least squares and other techniques.

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Kavya Sirohiya
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22 views2 pages

Assignement 3

The document is an assignment for Industrial Mathematics at Devi Ahilya Vishwavidyalaya, focusing on singular value decomposition, its applications in image processing, and various mathematical problems related to data fitting and regression analysis. It includes definitions, theoretical questions, and practical exercises involving matrices and data points. The assignment also covers estimating parameters in mathematical models using least squares and other techniques.

Uploaded by

Kavya Sirohiya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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School of Physics, Devi Ahilya Vishwavidyalaya

Industrial Mathematics_GE-1 (B.Sc. 4th semester)


Assignment-3 (9th April 2025)

1. Define the singular value decomposition of matrix 𝐴𝑚×𝑛 . Explain how it is useful for
image processing?

2. For the matrix 𝐴𝑚×𝑛 , how many non-zero singular values will it have?. And if 𝐴 =
𝑈𝛴𝑉 𝑇 , then what would be order of matrix U, Σ and V.

3. Show that for any matrix A, AAT and AT A have same non zero eigenvalues?

4. Find the singular value decomposition of following matrixes.


1 1
1 2 2 0 1 1 1 0 0
a)[1 1] b) [ ] c) [ ] d) [ ] e) [ ]
3 4 0 3 1 1 0 2 0
1 0
2 0
2 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 2 1 0
f) [ ] g) 0 3] h) [
[ ] i) [ ] j) [ ]
0 3 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 2 0
0 0

5. Let n number of data points (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ), (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ), (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ), … … (𝑥𝑖 , 𝑦𝑖 ), … … … . . (𝑥𝑛 , 𝑦𝑛 ), was
supposed to be satisfied by the following equation.
𝑘1 𝑥
𝑦=
𝑘2 + 𝑥
Show the 𝑘1 and 𝑘2 can be estimated from following equations

1 1 1 1
𝑘2 𝑛 ∑ 𝑥𝑖 . 𝑦𝑖 − ∑ 𝑥𝑖 ∑ 𝑦𝑖
=
𝑘1 1 1 2
𝑛 ∑(𝑥 )2 − (∑ 𝑥 )
𝑖 𝑖

1 1 1 𝑘2 1
= (∑ − ∑ )
𝑘1 𝑛 𝑦𝑖 𝑘1 𝑥𝑖

6. Let n number of data points (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ), (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ), (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ), … … (𝑥𝑖 , 𝑦𝑖 ), … … … . . (𝑥𝑛 , 𝑦𝑛 ), was
supposed to be satisfied by the equation of line.
𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑐
Using least square regression, slop (m) and intercept (c) of the line can be estimated by
following equation.
𝑛 ∑ 𝑥𝑖 𝑦 𝑖 − ∑ 𝑥𝑖 ∑ 𝑦 𝑖
𝑚= 2
𝑛 ∑ 𝑥𝑖 2 −(∑ 𝑥𝑖 )
1
𝑐= (∑ 𝑦𝑖 − ∑ 𝑥𝑖 )
𝑛

7. Let n number of data points (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ), (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ), (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ), … … (𝑥𝑖 , 𝑦𝑖 ), … … … . . (𝑥𝑛 , 𝑦𝑛 ), was
supposed to be satisfied by the following equation.
𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 𝑏
Show that a and b can be estimated from the following equations.

𝑛 ∑ ln(𝑥𝑖 ). ln(𝑦𝑖 ) − ∑ ln(𝑥𝑖 ) ∑ ln(𝑦𝑖 )


𝑏= 2
𝑛 ∑(ln(𝑥𝑖 ))2 − (∑ ln(𝑥𝑖 ))

1
ln(𝑎) = 𝑅 = (∑ 𝑦𝑖 − ∑ 𝑥𝑖 )
𝑛
𝑎 = 𝑒𝑅

8. Given the data table


x 1 2 3 4 5
y 0.5 2 4.5 8 12.5

Fit a power function model of the form 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 𝑏

9. The temperature of a metal strip was measured at various time interval during heating and
values are given in the table below.
Time, t(min) 1 2 3 4
°
Temp, T( C) 70 8 100 124

If the relationship between the temperature T and time t is of the form


𝑡
𝑇 = 𝑏𝑒 ⁄4 + 𝑎
Estimate the temperature at t = 6 min.

10. Fit the saturation growth rate model

𝑘1 𝑥
𝑦=
𝑘2 + 𝑥
To the data given below
x 2 4 6 8
y 1.4 2.0 2.4 2.6

11. Use the exponential model 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑒 𝑏𝑥 to fit the data


x 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2.0 2.4
y 75 100 140 200 270 375

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