PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN GURU PENDIDIKAN BAHASA INGGRIS
SEKOLAH TINGGI KEGURUAN DAN ILMU PENDIDIKAN STKIP SYEKH MANSHUR
Jl. Raya Labuan No.Km 5, Kadulisung, Kec. Kaduhejo, Kabupaten Pandeglang, Banten 42253,
Website: https://stkip.syekhmanshur.ac.id
Nama : Susanti
NIM : 208820300024
Mata Kuliah : Second Language Acquisition
Prodi : PBI
1. How does the learner acquire L2 knowledge?
answer:
Second language acquisition is the process of acquiring language capacity after
another language (or languages) have already been learned natively.
Learning an L2 requires conscious effort.
L2s are not learned during infancy, and most often after puberty.
Theoretically, an acquired L2 can only be known at non-native proficiencies. Exactly
how proficient a language learner can become in a second language can range widely,
but the general scientific consensus is that an L2 cannot be mastered to the same
level as an L1. Highly advanced L2 learners are often called near-native speakers.
Though capacity in both L1s and L2s can deteriorate from lack of use (through a
process called attrition), L2 capacity is considered to decrease faster from misuse than
their L1 counterparts.
2. Why are some learners more successful than others?
answer:
Learners who are more successful in learning a second language are influenced by
several factors. These factors include motivation, support at home, prior linguistic
knowledge, learning environment, teaching strategies, comprehensible input, cognitive
style, personality, and other environmental factors such as age and second language
speaking habits. High motivation, support at home, and a positive learning environment
can improve a learner's ability to learn a second language. In addition, factors such as
age and prior linguistic knowledge also affect a learner's ability to learn a second
language.
3. What exactly does the L2 learner come to know?
answer:
Second language (L2) learners acquire knowledge of a second language through a
learning process that involves the use of effective methods and strategies. L2
knowledge includes an understanding of grammar, vocabulary, speaking, reading,
writing and listening skills. Factors such as motivation, use of cognitive strategies,
linguistic environment, and environmental influences also affect the success of second
language learning.
4. How does L2 written development differ from L2 speaking development?
answer:
L2 written development and L2 speaking development differ in several ways. L2 writing
development can be used as a scaffold for L2 speaking accuracy, as shown in a study
that found that L2 writing can improve the accuracy of L2 oral discourse. L2 writing
development is also associated with lexical development, including lexical diversity,
density, and sophistication. On the other hand, L2 speaking development is influenced
by factors such as self-efficacy, accuracy, fluency, and complexity. L2 speaking
development is also affected by the quality of the learning environment, motivation,
and instruction. Additionally, L2 speaking development is influenced by individual
differences, such as age, aptitude, and personality.
Reference : Cha li and Lawrence "The Development of Acuracy and Fluency in Second
Language (L2)" Curve Modeling Analysis Vol. 52 pg. 1371-1395, 2023
5. Which factors affect the way transferred L1 skills are assimilated in L2 reading?
answer:
The assimilation of transferred L1 skills in L2 reading is influenced by various factors.
Research suggests that L1 literacy skills significantly impact L2 reading development,
with a strong correlation between L1 and L2 reading proficiencies. Additionally, the
maintenance of L1 reading skills has been found to enhance the transfer of reading
skills to L2. Factors such as language proficiency, dynamic working memory, and fluid
intelligence also play a role in the transfer of reading skills across languages.
Furthermore, the quality of the learning environment, the proficiency level in L2, and the
direction of transfer (from L1 to L2 or vice versa) can affect the assimilation of L1 skills
in L2 reading. Overall, the transfer of L1 reading skills to L2 is a complex process
influenced by a combination of linguistic, cognitive, and environmental factors.
Reference : Gonca Altimsdort "The Effects of L2 Reading Skills on L1 Reading Skills
throught" Canadian Center of Science and Education Vol. 9, No. 9; 2016
