Mahavir Polytechnic Nashik

QUESTION BANK
Unit Test-II

Program: - Computer Engineering Group Program Code:- CM/IF

Course Title: - Data Communication & Computer Network Semester: - Fourth
Course Abbr &Code:-DCN (314318) Scheme: K
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CHAPTER-3 (Error Detection, Correction and Wireless Communication)

(CO3)

2 MARKS
1. List IEEE 802X standards for network.
Ans:- IEEE 802.3 – Ethernet (wired LAN)
 IEEE 802.11 – Wi-Fi (wireless LAN)
 IEEE 802.15 – Bluetooth and WPAN
 IEEE 802.16 – WiMAX (broadband wireless access)

2. Classify mobile generations.

Ans- 1G – Analog voice communication
2G – Digital voice (GSM, CDMA)
3G – Mobile internet access (UMTS)
4G – High-speed internet (LTE)
5G – Ultra-fast internet, low latency, IoT support

4 MARKS
3. Describe Bluetooth architecture with neat diagram.
4. Draw and explain architecture of 802.11 wireless LAN.
 5. Describe various mobile generations.
Ans- Mobile Generations
1G (1980s) Analog voice, low security, poor quality
2G (1990s) Digital voice, SMS/MMS, GSM/CDMA
3G (2000s) Mobile internet, video calls, WCDMA
4G (2010s) High-speed internet, LTE, HD streaming
5G (2020s) Ultra-low latency, IoT, high data speed

CHAPTER-4 (Network Communication Models) (CO4)

2 MARKS
6. List classes of IP address with their ranges.
Ans-
Class Range Usage
Large
A 1.0.0.0 – 126.255.255.255
networks
Medium
B 128.0.0.0 – 191.255.255.255
networks
Small
C 192.0.0.0 – 223.255.255.255
networks
D 224.0.0.0 – 239.255.255.255 Multicasting
E 240.0.0.0 – 255.255.255.255 Experimental

7. State functions of Network layer.

Ans- Routing – Determines the best path for data transfer.
Addressing – Assigns logical addresses (IP addresses) to devices.
Packet Forwarding – Moves packets from source to destination.
Error Handling – Detects and corrects network errors.
Congestion Control – Manages traffic to prevent overload.
8. Draw OSI reference model.

9. List Application layer Protocols.

Ans- HTTP/HTTPS – Web browsing
FTP – File transfer
SMTP – Email sending
POP3/IMAP – Email retrieval
DNS – Domain name resolution
Telnet – Remote login
SNMP – Network management

4 MARKS
10. Compare IPv4 and IPv6.
Ans-
Feature IPv4 IPv6
Address Length 32-bit 128-bit
Address Format Decimal (e.g., 192.168.1.1) Hexadecimal (e.g., 2001:db8::1)
Total Addresses ~4.3 billion 3.4 × 10³⁸ (virtually unlimited)
Header Size 20-60 bytes Fixed 40 bytes
Security No built-in security IPSec is mandatory
Broadcasting Supports broadcasting No broadcasting, uses multicast
Configuration Manual or DHCP Auto-configuration available
Routing Complex, larger routing tables Simplified routing

11. Describe the functions of Physical and data link layer in OSI reference model.
Ans-Physical Layer Functions:
1. Transmission of raw bits over physical medium.
2. Defines network topology (bus, star, ring, etc.).
3. Specifies voltage levels, timing, and data rates.
4. Handles synchronization and encoding.
Data Link Layer Functions:
1.Framing – Divides data into frames for transmission.
2.Error detection and correction using CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check).
3.Flow control – Manages data transmission speed between sender and receiver.
4.MAC (Media Access Control) – Determines how devices share the network (Ethernet, Wi-Fi).

12. Draw and explain layered architecture of OSI reference model.

13. Draw and explain TCP/IP model.

14. Explain ARP, subnetting , supernetting with example.

Ans- ARP (Address Resolution Protocol)
 Used to map an IP address to a MAC address in a network.
 Example: If a computer wants to send data to 192.168.1.1, it first sends an ARP request to
find the corresponding MAC address.

Subnetting
 Dividing a large network into smaller sub-networks.
 Example:

o IP: 192.168.1.0/24 → Subnetted into 192.168.1.0/26, 192.168.1.64/26, etc.

o Helps improve network efficiency and security.
Supernetting
 Merging multiple smaller networks into a larger one (opposite of subnetting).
 Example:

o 192.168.0.0/24 & 192.168.1.0/24 → Combined into 192.168.0.0/23

o Reduces the size of routing tables.

15. Explain process of DHCP configuration.

Ans-DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) automatically assigns IP addresses to devices.
Steps in DHCP Process:
1. DHCP Discover – Client broadcasts a request for an IP address.
2. DHCP Offer – Server responds with an available IP address.
3. DHCP Request – Client requests to lease the offered IP.
4. DHCP Acknowledgment – Server confirms the lease, and the client can now use the IP.
Configuration Example (Windows/Linux):
 Windows: ipconfig /renew
 Linux: dhclient eth0
16. Difference between Classful and Classless Addressing.
Ans-
Feature Classful Addressing Classless Addressing
Subnet Mask Fixed (A, B, C) Variable (VLSM)
IP Utilization Wastes IP addresses Efficient IP usage
Routing More complex, large routing tables Smaller routing tables
Example 192.168.1.0 (Class C) 192.168.1.0/26

17. Difference between TCP and UDP.

Ans-
Feature TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) UDP (User Datagram Protocol)

Connection
Connection-oriented Connectionless
Type
Reliability Reliable (acknowledgments, retransmissions) Unreliable (no retransmissions)
Speed Slower (error checking, congestion control) Faster (low overhead)
Web browsing (HTTP), Email (SMTP), File Video streaming, VoIP, Online
Usage
transfer (FTP) gaming
53 (DNS), 161 (SNMP), 69
Example Ports 80 (HTTP), 443 (HTTPS), 25 (SMTP)
(TFTP)
18. Explain data encapsulation in OSI reference model.
Ans-

CHAPTER- 5(Network Topologies and Network Devices) (CO5)

2 MARKS

19. Define the term network topology.

Ans- Network topology refers to the arrangement of devices and connections in a network. It
defines how computers and other devices are physically or logically connected for
communication.

20. List different types of network connecting devices.

1. Ans-Hub – Broadcasts data to all connected devices.

2. Switch – Directs data only to the intended recipient.

3. Router – Connects different networks and manages IP traffic.

4. Repeater – Amplifies weak signals in a network.

5. Modem – Converts digital signals to analog and vice versa.

6. Bridge – Connects two separate network segments.

7. Gateway – Translates protocols between different networks.

21. Write difference between repeater and router.(any two points)

Ans-

Feature Repeater Router

Function Amplifies weak signals Directs data between networks

Works at Physical layer (Layer 1) Network layer (Layer 3)

22. State the functions of modem and repeater.

Ans-Modem (Modulator-Demodulator)

1. Converts digital signals to analog for transmission over telephone lines.

2. Enables internet access by communicating with the ISP.

Repeater

1. Boosts and regenerates weak network signals to extend coverage.

2. Prevents signal loss in long-distance communication.

4 MARKS

23. Explain with neat sketch working of router and switch.

24. Describe wireless infrastructure components in detail.

1. Ans-Access Points (APs) – Devices that provide wireless connectivity to clients.

2. Wireless Clients – Devices like laptops, smartphones, and tablets that connect wirelessly.

3. Wireless Controller – Manages multiple APs in enterprise networks.

4. Wireless Router – Combines routing, access point, and firewall functionality.

5. Authentication Server – Provides security and authentication (e.g., RADIUS server).

6. Internet Gateway – Connects the wireless network to the internet.

25. Differentiate between router and Switch with respect to layer, port, device type and speed.

Ans-

Feature Router Switch

Layer Network Layer (Layer 3) Data Link Layer (Layer 2)

Ports Few (WAN, LAN) Many (Ethernet ports)

Device
Connects different networks Connects devices in the same network
Type

Slower (Processes packets, makes Faster (Direct data transfer between

Speed
decisions) devices)
 26. Explain working of the following topologies.

I) Star

ii) Mesh

27. Design network layout for organization with five dept. (ten users each)

28. Consider a network with 8 computers which network architecture should be used peer to
peer or client server? Justify your answer.

 Ans- Peer-to-Peer (P2P) is suitable for a small network (up to 10 computers) because:

o Less cost – No need for a dedicated server.

o Easy setup – Computers share resources directly.

o Less network traffic – Suitable for small file-sharing needs.

 Client-Server is better for larger networks requiring:

o Centralized control (user authentication, file storage).

o Higher security (controlled access).

Conclusion: Peer-to-peer is ideal for an 8-computer network due to simplicity and lower cost.

29. Explain with diagram client server and peer to peer network architecture.
Client-Server Architecture
Explanation:

In a client-server network, there is a central server that provides services or resources, and
clients that request those services.

The server manages data, security, and resources.

Clients cannot directly communicate with each other — all communication goes through
the server.

In a peer-to-peer network, all devices (called peers) are equal.

Each peer can act as both a client and a server — they can request and provide resources.There
is no central server, and peers communicate directly with each other.