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2 Averages

The document provides a comprehensive overview of averages, including formulas, methods for calculating combined and changing averages, and various problem types with examples. It covers the deviation method, balance method, and equal distribution method for solving average-related problems. Additionally, it includes practical examples to illustrate the concepts and calculations involved in determining averages.

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Rubesh Rudra Raman
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23 views32 pages

2 Averages

The document provides a comprehensive overview of averages, including formulas, methods for calculating combined and changing averages, and various problem types with examples. It covers the deviation method, balance method, and equal distribution method for solving average-related problems. Additionally, it includes practical examples to illustrate the concepts and calculations involved in determining averages.

Uploaded by

Rubesh Rudra Raman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Content

1) Introduction
i. Formula
ii. Deviation method

2) Type 1 problems: Combined average


i. General equation
ii. Balance method

3) Type 2 problems: Change in average


i. General equation
ii. Equal distribution method
1) INTRODUCTION

What is an average ??

Average of n values is equal to the sum of n values divided by


the total number of values (n)

Averages = Sum of Observations /Number of Observation

Avg = Sum/n
1.i Formula

Numbers Sum Average


(Sum/n)
First n numbers n(n+1)/2 (n+1)/2

First n odd n^2 n


numbers
First n even n(n+1) (n+1)
numbers
First n square n(n+1)(2n+1)/6 (n+1)(2n+1)/6
numbers
Consecutive n(first term + last term)/2 (first term + last term)/2
numbers
Note: Average of consecutive numbers can also be written as
(2nd term + 2nd last term)/2 or (3rd term + 3rd last term)/2 and so on.

For odd number of consecutive values, the middle term will be the
average.
Example 1.Find the average of following number
1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21

A) 9
B) 11
C) 12
D) 13
Example 2. The average of 20 numbers is zero. Of
them, at the most, how many may be greater than
zero?
A) 0
B) 1
C) 10
D) 19
Example 3. The average of 7 consecutive numbers is 20.
The largest of these numbers is :

A)27
B)26
C)24
D)23
1.Ii DEVIATION METHOD
Example: Find the average of 20,23,28,24,25

Assume any number as the average, say 25.


Find the deviation for all the given values.

Numbers - 20 23 28 24 25
Deviation - -5 -2 +3 -1 0

Total deviation - -5
Average deviation - -5/5
(total/n) = -1

Final average = assumed average + average deviation


= 25 + (-1)
= 24
Note: It is better to assume the average between the highest
value and the lowest value because it will always be between
them.
Example 4. Find the Averages of 61,70,67,77,103,90

A)78
B)88
C)98
D)None
2) TYPE 1 PROBLEMS
COMBINED AVERAGE
Class A Class B
0 100

What is the combined average?


50 marks??
NO

We cannot determine the average without knowing the number of


students in each class

The combined average depends on the number of


students and the average in each class
Example: There are 36 students in class A whose average
is 30kg and 24 students in class B whose average is 40kg.
What will be the average if the classes are combined?

2.i General equation

Avg36= 30, Avg24 = 40


Total weight of class A = 30 x 36
Total weight of class B = 40 x 24

Overall average = (Total weight of class A) + (Total weight


of class B) / Number of students in class A + Number of
students in class B
= (30 x 36) + (40 x 24) / 36 + 24
= 34
2.Ii BALANCE METHOD:
The principle of this concept is that the
weight in the balance is inversely proportional to
the distance of the pivot.

Wa Wb

Avga Avgc Avgb

Where,
Wa – Class A weight Wb – Class B weight
Avga – Class A average Avgb – Class B average
Avgc – combined average
There are 36 students in class A whose average is 30kg and
24 students in class B whose average is 40kg. What will be
the average if the classes are combined?

Step 1: Find the ratio of the weights of A and B


= 36:24
= 3:2 36 24
3:2

30 40
Step 2: Inverse the weights to get the distance ratio
= 2:3
36 3:2 24

30 2:3 40
Step 3: Split the distance between the averages in the ratio
2:3
Here the distance from 30 to 40 is 10. So 10 should be split
in the ratio 2:3 as 4 and 6.

36 3:2 24

30 34 40
4 6
2:3
The combined average is (30+4) or (40-6) = 34
Note: Of these 5 values any one can be unknown which we have
to find using the other 4 values.
Example 5. In class A there are 63 students whose
average is 32, and in class B there are 21 students
whose average is 44 , then find the overall average?

A)33
B)35
C)36
D)38
Example 6. In a first 10 overs cricket game run rate was
3.2. what should be run rate in the remaining 40 overs
to reach the target 282 runs?

A)6.25
B)6.5
C)6.75
D)7
3) TYPE 2 PROBLEMS
Change in average
Example: Average of 5 students marks is 30. If one student
having 90 mark is added to the team then what will be the
new average ?

3.i General equation


Avg5 = 30
No of students = 5

Sum5 = 30x5
= 150
Sum6 = 150+90
= 240
Avg6 = 240/6
= 40
3.Ii EQUAL DISTRIBUTION method:
All the problems in this concept are solved
by assuming all the values as average itself.

Step1: Assume all the values to be 30.


30 30 30 30 30

If the new mark is also 30 then the average will remain


the same.
30 30 30 30 30 30

Step2: Finding the extra values-


But the actual new mark is 90, which means extra 60 is
added to the values.
30 30 30 30 30 30
+60
90
Step3: Distributing the extra values equally-
The extra 60 should be divided equally among 6 values as
10 each.
30 30 30 30 30 30
+10 +10 +10 +10 +10 +10

40 40 40 40 40 40

∴ the new average is 40


Example 7. Average of 4 students marks is 50 and one
student having marks has 200, is added to the team ,
what is new average ?

A)70
B)80
C)90
D)None
Example 8. Average of 6 students marks is 60 , what is
the new average if a student of marks 110 is taken out ?

A50
B)55
C)60
D)None
*If the number of values is unknown:
Avgn = 30
Avgn+1 = 40
New number= 90

Old values 30 30 30…….


+10 +10 +10……
New values 40 40 40…….

Total extra value added is 60 (30 90)


This 60 is divided as 10 each which means there should
be 60/10 = 6 values

∴ New values, n+1 = 6


Old values, n =5
Example 9. A batsman having average 40 makes 90 runs
in his last inning thereby his average increases by 2.
Find the number of matches he has played.

A)10
B)50
C)25
D)24
*If the average is unknown:
Avg5 = x
Avg6 = x+10
New number= 90

Old values x x x x x x New number

+10 +10 +10 +10 +10 +10

New values x+10 x+10 x+10 x+10 x+10 x+10

Total extra value added is 60 (6 x 10)


This 60 is being increased because of the new number 90
which means the initial value has to be 30.

∴ Avg5, x = 30
Avg6, x+10 = 40
Example 10. The average marks of 12 students increases
by 3 if a new student having mark 79 is included. The
average mark of the students is?
A) 37
B) 40
C) 43
D) 82
Example 11. The average weight of 8 men having
average weight 40 kg is increased by 2 kg when a new
man is included. The weight of the new man is
A) 56
B) 58
C) 96
D) 98
*If the new number is unknown:
Avg5 = 30
Avg6 = 40
New number= ?

Old values 30 30 30 30 30 30 New number

+10 +10 +10 +10 +10 +10

New values 40 40 40 40 40 40

Total extra value added is 60 (6x10)


Already the number has to be 30 to maintain the average.
∴ the new number should be 30 + 60 = 90
 Concept of Median and Mode

 Empirical Formula

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