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Chapter 2 Functions Exam Questions

The document contains a series of mathematical problems involving functions, transformations, and curve equations. It includes tasks such as finding minimum points, expressing inverse functions, and determining ranges and transformations of given functions. The problems require algebraic manipulation and understanding of function properties.

Uploaded by

Red Robin 1989
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© © All Rights Reserved
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
3 views57 pages

Chapter 2 Functions Exam Questions

The document contains a series of mathematical problems involving functions, transformations, and curve equations. It includes tasks such as finding minimum points, expressing inverse functions, and determining ranges and transformations of given functions. The problems require algebraic manipulation and understanding of function properties.

Uploaded by

Red Robin 1989
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 57

8

6 The equation of a curve is y = x2 − 8x + 5.

(a) Find the coordinates of the minimum point of the curve. [2]

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! "
4
The curve is stretched by a factor of 2 parallel to the y-axis and then translated by .
1

(b) Find the coordinates of the minimum point of the transformed curve. [2]

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(c) Find the equation of the transformed curve. Give the answer in the form y = ax2 + bx + c, where
a, b and c are integers to be found. [4]

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8 Functions f and g are defined by

f!x" = !x + a"2 − a for x ≤ −a,


g!x" = 2x − 1 for x ∈ $,

where a is a positive constant.

(a) Find an expression for f −1 !x". [3]

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(b) (i) State the domain of the function f −1 . [1]

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(ii) State the range of the function f −1 . [1]

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(c) Given that a = 72 , solve the equation gf!x" = 0. [3]

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4 The! transformation
" R denotes a reflection in the x-axis and the transformation T denotes a translation
3
of .
−1

(a) Find the equation, y = g#x$, of the curve with equation y = x2 after it has been transformed by
the sequence of transformations R followed by T. [2]

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(b) Find the equation, y = h#x$, of the curve with equation y = x2 after it has been transformed by
the sequence of transformations T followed by R. [2]

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(c) State fully the transformation that maps the curve y = g#x$ onto the curve y = h#x$. [2]

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9 The functions f and g are defined for all real values of x by

f (x) = (3x - 2) 2 + k and g (x) = 5x - 1,

where k is a constant.

(a) Given that the range of the function g f is gf (x) H 39 , find the value of k. [4]

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(b) For this value of k, determine the range of the function f g. [2]

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(c) The function h is defined for all real values of x and is such that gh (x) = 35x + 19 .

Find an expression for g -1 (x) and hence, or otherwise, find an expression for h (x) . [3]

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4

2 The curve y = x 2 is transformed to the curve y = 4 (x - 3) 2 - 8 .

Describe fully a sequence of transformations that have been combined, making clear the order in which
the transformations have been applied. [5]

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4 The function f is defined as follows:

f (x) = x - 1 for x 2 1.

(a) Find an expression for f - 1 (x) . [1]

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y

O x

1
The diagram shows the graph of y = g (x) where g (x) = 2 for x ! R .
x +2
(b) State the range of g and explain whether g -1 exists. [2]

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1
The function h is defined by h (x) = 2 for x H 0 .
x +2

(c) Solve the equation hf (x) = f e o. Give your answer in the form a + b c , where a, b and c are
25
16
integers. [4]

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O x

2
The function f is defined by f (x) = + 4 for x 1 0 . The diagram shows the graph of y = f (x) .
x2

(a) On this diagram, sketch the graph of y = f -1 (x) . Show any relevant mirror line. [2]

(b) Find an expression for f -1 (x) . [3]

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(c) Solve the equation f (x) = 4.5 . [1]

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(d) Explain why the equation f -1 (x) = f (x) has no solution. [1]

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11 The function f is defined by f (x) = 10 + 6x - x 2 for x d R .

(a) By completing the square, find the range of f. [3]

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The function g is defined by g (x) = 4x + k for x d R where k is a constant.

(b) It is given that the graph of y = g -1 f (x) meets the graph of y = g (x) at a single point P.

Determine the coordinates of P. [6]

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3
7 The function f is defined by f!x" = 1 + for x > 2.
x−2
(a) State the range of f. [1]

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(b) Obtain an expression for f −1 !x" and state the domain of f −1 . [4]

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The function g is defined by g!x" = 2x − 2 for x > 0.

(c) Obtain a simplified expression for gf!x". [2]

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1
y

B
5

C
4

3
A B′

C′
2

1
A′
0 x
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

The diagram shows the graph of y = f!x", which consists of the two straight lines AB and BC. The
lines A′ B′ and B′ C′ form the graph of y = g!x", which is the result of applying a sequence of two
transformations, in either order, to y = f!x".

State fully the two transformations. [4]

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5
7 The function f is defined by f!x" = 2 − for x > −2.
x+2
(a) State the range of f. [1]

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(b) Obtain an expression for f −1 !x" and state the domain of f −1 . [4]

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The function g is defined by g!x" = x + 3 for x > 0.

ax + b
(c) Obtain an expression for fg!x" giving your answer in the form , where a, b, c and d are
cx + d
integers. [3]

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3
y

2
y = g!x"
y = f!x"
x
−8 −6 −4 −2 0 2 4 6

−2

−4

−6

The diagram shows graphs with equations y = f!x" and y = g!x".

Describe fully a sequence of two transformations which transforms the graph of y = f!x" to y = g!x".
[4]

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8 The functions f and g are defined as follows, where a and b are constants.
2a
f!x" = 1 + for x > a
x−a
g!x" = bx − 2 for x ∈ #

(a) Given that f!7" = 52 and gf!5" = 4, find the values of a and b. [4]

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For the rest of this question, you should use the value of a which you found in (a).

(b) Find the domain of f −1 . [1]

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(c) Find an expression for f −1 !x". [3]

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2 A function f is defined by f!x" = x2 − 2x + 5 for x ∈ #. A sequence of transformations is applied in the


following order to the graph of y = f!x" to give the graph of y = g!x".

Stretch parallel to the x-axis with scale factor 12

Reflection in the y-axis

Stretch parallel to the y-axis with scale factor 3

Find g!x", giving your answer in the form ax2 + bx + c, where a, b and c are constants. [4]

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9 The function f is defined by f!x" = −3x2 + 2 for x ≤ −1.

(a) State the range of f. [1]

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(b) Find an expression for f −1 !x". [3]

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The function g is defined by g!x" = −x2 − 1 for x ≤ −1.

(c) Solve the equation fg!x" − gf!x" + 8 = 0. [5]

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9 Functions f and g are both defined for x ∈ " and are given by

f!x" = x2 − 4x + 9,
g!x" = 2x2 + 4x + 12.

(a) Express f!x" in the form !x − a"2 + b. [1]

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(b) Express g!x" in the form 2#!x + c"2 + d $. [2]

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(c) Express g!x" in the form kf!x + h", where k and h are integers. [1]

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(d) Describe fully the two transformations that have been combined to transform the graph of y = f!x"
to the graph of y = g!x". [4]

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© UCLES 2022 9709/11/O/N/22 [Turn over


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9 Functions f and g are defined by


1
f!x" = x + for x > 0,
x
g!x" = ax + 1 for x ∈ ",

where a is a constant.

(a) Find an expression for gf!x". [1]

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(b) Given that gf!2" = 11, find the value of a. [2]

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(c) Given that the graph of y = f!x" has a minimum point when x = 1, explain whether or not f has
an inverse. [1]

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It is given instead that a = 5.

(d) Find and simplify an expression for g−1 f!x". [3]

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(e) Explain why the composite function fg cannot be formed. [1]

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2 The function f is defined by f!x" = −2x2 − 8x − 13 for x < −3.

(a) Express f!x" in the form −2!x + a"2 + b, where a and b are integers. [2]

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(b) Find the range of f. [1]

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(c) Find an expression for f −1 !x". [3]

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© UCLES 2022 9709/13/O/N/22 [Turn over


6

5
y -
!8, 12"

¡
12

10

x
O 2 4 6 8 10 12

The diagram shows a curve which has a maximum point at !8, 12" and a minimum point at !8, 0". The
curve is the result of applying
# a $combination of two transformations to a circle. The first transformation
7
applied is a translation of . The second transformation applied is a stretch in the y-direction.
−3

(a) State the scale factor of the stretch. [1]

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(b) State the radius of the original circle. [1]

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(c) State the coordinates of the centre of the circle after the translation has been completed but before
the stretch is applied. [2]

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(d) State the coordinates of the centre of the original circle. [2]

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© UCLES 2022 9709/13/O/N/22


10

6 The function f is defined as follows:


x2 − 4
f!x" = for x > 2.
x2 + 4

(a) Find an expression for f −1 !x". [3]

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© UCLES 2022 9709/11/M/J/22


11

8 x2 − 4
(b) Show that 1 − 2 can be expressed as 2 and hence state the range of f. [4]
x +4 x +4

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(c) Explain why the composite function ff cannot be formed. [1]

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© UCLES 2022 9709/11/M/J/22 [Turn over


16

10 Functions f and g are defined as follows:


2x + 1
f!x" = for x ≠ 12 ,
2x − 1
g!x" = x2 + 4 for x ∈ $.

(a)
y

x
−6 −4 −2 0 2 4 6

−2

The diagram shows part of the graph of y = f!x".

State the domain of f −1 . [1]

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(b) Find an expression for f −1 !x". [3]

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(c) Find gf −1 !3". [2]

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© UCLES 2022 9709/12/M/J/22


17

(d) Explain why g−1 !x" cannot be found. [1]

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2 2x + 1
(e) Show that 1 + can be expressed as . Hence find the area of the triangle enclosed
2x − 1 2x − 1
by the tangent to the curve y = f!x" at the point where x = 1 and the x- and y-axes. [6]

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© UCLES 2022 9709/12/M/J/22 [Turn over


6
" !
−1
4 (a) The curve with equation y = x + 2x − 5 is translated by
2
.
3

Find the equation of the translated curve, giving your answer in the form y = ax2 + bx + c. [3]

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(b) The curve with equation y = x2 + 2x − 5 is transformed to a curve with equation y = 4x2 + 4x − 5.

Describe fully the single transformation that has been applied. [2]

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© UCLES 2022 9709/13/M/J/22


8

6 The function f is defined by f!x" = 2x2 − 16x + 23 for x < 3.

(a) Express f!x" in the form 2!x + a"2 + b. [2]

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(b) Find the range of f. [1]

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© UCLES 2022 9709/13/M/J/22


9

(c) Find an expression for f −1 !x". [3]

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The function g is defined by g!x" = 2x + 4 for x < −1.

(d) Find and simplify an expression for fg!x". [2]

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© UCLES 2022 9709/13/M/J/22 [Turn over


7

5 (a) Express 2x2 − 8x + 14 in the form 2!"x − a#2 + b$. [2]

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The functions f and g are defined by

f"x# = x2 for x ∈ #,
g"x# = 2x2 − 8x + 14 for x ∈ #.

(b) Describe fully a sequence of transformations that maps the graph of y = f"x# onto the graph of
y = g"x#, making clear the order in which the transformations are applied. [4]

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© UCLES 2022 9709/12/F/M/22 [Turn over


14

9 Functions f, g and h are defined as follows:


1
f : x !→ x − 4x 2 + 1 for x ≥ 0,
2
g : x !→ mx + n for x ≥ −2, where m and n are constants,
1
h : x !→ x − 2 2 for x ≥ 0.

#
(a) Solve the equation f!x" = 0, giving your solutions in the form x = a + b c, where a, b and c are
integers. [4]

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© UCLES 2022 9709/12/F/M/22


15

(b) Given that f!x" % gh!x", find the values of m and n. [4]

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© UCLES 2022 9709/12/F/M/22 [Turn over


7

5
y

2
y = f!x"
1

x
O 1 2 3 4 5 6

In the diagram, the graph of y = f!x" is shown with solid lines. The graph shown with broken lines is
a transformation of y = f!x".

(a) Describe fully the two single transformations of y = f!x" that have been combined to give the
resulting transformation. [4]

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(b) State in terms of y, f and x, the equation of the graph shown with broken lines. [2]

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© UCLES 2021 9709/12/F/M/21 [Turn over


10

7 Functions f and g are defined as follows:

f : x !→ x2 + 2x + 3 for x ≤ −1,
g : x !→ 2x + 1 for x ≥ −1.

(a) Express f!x" in the form !x + a"2 + b and state the range of f. [3]

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© UCLES 2021 9709/12/F/M/21


11

(b) Find an expression for f −1 !x". [2]

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(c) Solve the equation gf!x" = 13. [3]

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© UCLES 2021 9709/12/F/M/21 [Turn over


12

9 Functions f and g are defined as follows:

f!x" = !x − 2"2 − 4 for x ≥ 2,


g!x" = ax + 2 for x ∈ $,

where a is a constant.

(a) State the range of f. [1]

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(b) Find f −1 !x". [2]

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(c) Given that a = − 53 , solve the equation f!x" = g!x". [3]

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© UCLES 2021 9709/11/M/J/21


13

(d) Given instead that ggf −1 !12" = 62, find the possible values of a. [5]

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© UCLES 2021 9709/11/M/J/21 [Turn over


3

2 (a) The graph of y = f!x" is transformed to the graph of y = 2f!x − 1".

Describe fully the two single transformations which have been combined to give the resulting
transformation. [3]

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(b) The curve y = sin 2x − 5x is reflected in the y-axis and then stretched by scale factor 13 in the
x-direction.

Write down the equation of the transformed curve. [2]

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© UCLES 2021 9709/12/M/J/21 [Turn over


6

5 The function f is defined by f!x" = 2x2 + 3 for x ≥ 0.

(a) Find and simplify an expression for ff!x". [2]

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(b) Solve the equation ff!x" = 34x2 + 19. [4]

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© UCLES 2021 9709/12/M/J/21


8

6 Functions f and g are both defined for x ∈ " and are given by

f!x" = x2 − 2x + 5,
g!x" = x2 + 4x + 13.

(a) By first expressing each of f!x" and g!x" in completed square form, express g!x" in the form
f!x + p" + q, where p and q are constants. [4]

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(b) Describe fully the transformation which transforms the graph of y = f!x" to the graph of y = g!x".
[2]

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© UCLES 2021 9709/13/M/J/21


10

8 Functions f and g are defined as follows:

f : x !→ x2 − 1 for x < 0,
1
g : x !→ for x < − 12 .
2x + 1

(a) Solve the equation fg!x" = 3. [4]

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© UCLES 2021 9709/13/M/J/21


11

(b) Find an expression for !fg"−1 !x". [3]

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© UCLES 2021 9709/13/M/J/21 [Turn over


12

8 (a) Express −3x2 + 12x + 2 in the form −3!x − a"2 + b, where a and b are constants. [2]

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The one-one function f is defined by f : x "→ −3x2 + 12x + 2 for x ≤ k.

(b) State the largest possible value of the constant k. [1]

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It is now given that k = −1.

(c) State the range of f. [1]

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© UCLES 2021 9709/11/O/N/21


13

(d) Find an expression for f −1 !x". [3]

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−3
# $
The result of translating the graph of y = f!x" by is the graph of y = g!x".
1

(e) Express g!x" in the form px2 + qx + r , where p, q and r are constants. [3]

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© UCLES 2021 9709/11/O/N/21 [Turn over


3

2 The graph of y = f!x" is transformed to the graph of y = f!2x" − 3.

(a) Describe fully the two single transformations that have been combined to give the resulting
transformation. [3]

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The point P !5, 6" lies on the transformed curve y = f!2x" − 3.

(b) State the coordinates of the corresponding point on the original curve y = f!x". [2]

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© UCLES 2021 9709/12/O/N/21 [Turn over


4

3 The function f is defined as follows:


x+3
f!x" = for x > 1.
x−1

(a) Find the value of ff!5". [2]

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(b) Find an expression for f −1 !x". [3]

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© UCLES 2021 9709/12/O/N/21


2

1 The graph of y = f!x" is transformed to the graph of y = 3 − f!x".

Describe fully, in the correct order, the two transformations that have been combined. [4]

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© UCLES 2021 9709/13/O/N/21


8

6
y

x
O

y = f!x"

The diagram shows the graph of y = f!x".

(a) On this diagram sketch the graph of y = f −1 !x". [1]

x
It is now given that f!x" = − # where −2 < x < 2.
4 − x2

(b) Find an expression for f −1 !x". [4]

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© UCLES 2021 9709/13/O/N/21


9

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The function g is defined by g!x" = 2x for −a < x < a, where a is a constant.

(c) State the maximum possible value of a for which fg can be formed. [1]

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(d) Assuming that fg can be formed, find and simplify an expression for fg!x". [2]

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© UCLES 2021 9709/13/O/N/21 [Turn over

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