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Me306 Hw08 Spring2009

The document is a homework assignment for a Fluid Mechanics II course at Middle East Technical University, detailing five problems related to fluid flow over flat plates. Each problem requires calculations for parameters such as boundary layer thickness, drag force, and skin friction coefficients under various conditions. The document includes specific numerical answers for each problem, indicating the expected results for the calculations.

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15 views2 pages

Me306 Hw08 Spring2009

The document is a homework assignment for a Fluid Mechanics II course at Middle East Technical University, detailing five problems related to fluid flow over flat plates. Each problem requires calculations for parameters such as boundary layer thickness, drag force, and skin friction coefficients under various conditions. The document includes specific numerical answers for each problem, indicating the expected results for the calculations.

Uploaded by

isa emrah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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SPRING 2009

ME/KA/KA/ME/MHA

MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY


DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
ME 306 FLUID MECHANICS II
HOMEWORK 8

1) A flat plate with a length of 3 m and a width of 2 m is towed at a speed of 0.15 m/s in a
towing basin, which contains water. The density and kinematic viscosity of the water are
1000 kg/m3 and 1 x10 -6 m2 /s, respectively. Determine
a) The boundary layer thickness at the end of the plate,
b) The boundary layer displacement thickness at the end of the plate,
c) The boundary layer momentum thickness at the end of the plate,
d) The drag force exerted on the plate,
e) The power required to tow the plate and
f) The overall skin friction coefficient
(Ans.: a) 0.0224 m, b) 0.0077 m, c) 0.00297 m, d) 0.267 N , e) 0.0401 W, f) 0.00198)

2) Air at standard conditions flows over a thin flat plate 1 m long and 0.3 m wide. The flow is
uniform at the leading edge of the plate. Assume the velocity profile in the boundary layer is
linear, and the freestream velocity is U = 2.7 m/s. Treat the flow as two-dimensional; assume
that flow conditions are independent of z. Using control volume abcd, shown by the dashed
lines, compute the mass flow rate across surface ab. Determine the magnitude and direction of
the x component of force required to hold the plate stationary. (Ans.
.
m = 3.97 x10−3 kg / s , Fx = −3.56 x10−3 N )

U U

a b
CV u
y δ = 8.0

x c
d

3- Air enters a square duct with sides 0.5 m at a uniform velocity of 3 m/s. If the length of the
duct is 2 m, determine;

a- The exit veloc ity and


b- The pressure drop in the core.

Neglect the pressure drop in the boundary layer flow. The density and viscosity of the air are
1.2 kg/m3 and 1.8x10-5 Pa.s, respectively.
(Ans.: a) 3.135 m/s, b) 0.497 Pa)
4. Because of the velocity deficit, U-u, in the bo undary layer, the streamlines for flow past a
flat plate are not exactly parallel to the plate. This deviation can be determined by use of
displacement thickness, δ* . For an air flow over a flat plate shown in the figure, plot the
streamline A-B that passes through the edge of the bo undary layer ( y= δB at x = L ) at point
B. That is plot y = y ( x ) for streamline A-B. Assume laminar boundary layer flow.

y
Streamline A-B B
U = 1 m/s A Bounda ry layer δB
Thickness variation

L=4 m

(Ans. y = 0.0251 + 6.58 10-3 √x )

5. Air flows parallel to one side of a flat plate. The flow is tripped at the leading edge with a
wire, so that the boundary layer flow regime throughout the plate can be assumed to be
turbulent, with the x-component of the velocity profile approximated as u / U ∞ = ( y / δ )1 / 9 .

The shear stress is experimentally determined as τ w = 0.0225 ρU ∞2 [ν /(U ∞δ )]1/ 4 . The flow is

assumed steady, two-dimensional and incompressible. For a free stream air velocity of 30
m/s, density of 1.2 kg/m3 , viscosity of 1.8x10-5 Pa s, and flat plate dimensions of 100 m length
and 1.5 m width, determine

a) the boundary layer thickness at the trailing edge,

b) the boundary layer displacement thickness at the trailing edge,

c) the boundary layer momentum thickness at the trailing edge,

d) the wall shear stress at the trailing edge,

e) the local skin friction coefficient at the trailing edge,

f) the drag force and

g) the overall skin friction coefficient.


(Ans: a) 0.9307 m; b) 0.09307 m; c) 0.07614 m; d) 0.658 kg/ms2 , e) 1.218x10–3 , f) 123.4N,
g) 1.52x10-3 )

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