Unit 4 - Generative Artificial Intelligence

Lesson Title: Introduction to Generative AI Approach: Interactive Session + Activity

Summary:
The lesson covers four main topics, including an introduction to Generative AI, how it works,
how to use it, and the ethical considerations that come with its use. By the end of the lesson,
students will have a basic understanding of Generative AI, how it can be used, and the
potential ethical implications to consider.

Learning Objectives
● To understand Generative AI and its types.
● To know examples and benefits of using Generative AI.
● To identify popular Generative AI tools and their applications.
● To sensitize the students about the ethical considerations of using Generative AI.
● To explain students about the potential negative impact of Generative AI on society.

Learning Outcomes:
● Students will be able to define Generative AI & classify different kinds.
● Students will be able to explain how Generative AI works and recognize how it learns.
● Students will be able to apply Generative AI tools to create content.
● Students will understand the ethical considerations of using Generative AI.

Pre-requisites:
● Knowledge of AI project cycle.

Key-concepts:
● Generative AI

Programs/Applications Used:
● MS PowerPoint
● MS Word
● Web browser (any)

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Activity: Guess the Real Image vs. the AI-Generated Image

Purpose:
To understand the difference between real and AI-Generated Images.
Examine the images and determine whether either of the images is a real image or an
AI-generated image. Also, give reasons for your answer.

Let's look at the concepts behind the generation of these images.

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Supervised Learning and Discriminative Modeling

Image Source: Generative AI, Explained by Humans. (n.d.). https://lingarogroup.com/blog/generative-ai-explained-by-humans

The classification of data elements into categories or labels was initially taught to the machine learning
models by humans.

Unsupervised Learning and Generative Modeling

Image Source: Generative AI, Explained by Humans. (n.d.). https://lingarogroup.com/blog/generative-ai-explained-by-humans

In unsupervised or self-supervised learning, the machine learning model takes unlabeled datasets and
figures out patterns and inherent structures within them — without human intervention.

What is Generative AI?

▪ Generative artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the algorithms that generate new data that
resembles human-generated content, such as audio, code, images, text, simulations, and videos.
▪ This technology is trained with existing data and content, creating the potential for applications
such as natural language processing, computer vision, the metaverse, and speech synthesis.

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Activity
Watch the video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=26fJ_ADteHo and Share your views

Let us have a look at timeline of Generative AI

Source: https://www.desdevpro.com/blog/talk-rise-of-generative-ai

Generative AI has evolved over several years to reach its current form. Over time, advancements in
neural networks and deep learning techniques have significantly enhanced its capabilities. From early
experiments in generative models to breakthroughs in natural language processing and image
generation, the development of generative AI has been a continuous journey of innovation and
refinement. Today, generative AI encompasses a wide range of applications, including text generation,
image synthesis, and creative content creation, showcasing the culmination of years of research and
development efforts.

What do you understand about generative AI?

Give a few examples of generative AI.

What do you know about Deep Fake?

Generative AI vs Conventional AI
In contrast to other forms of AI, Generative AI is specially made to produce new and unique content
rather than merely processing or categorizing already-existing data. Here are some significant variations:

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 Generative AI creates new content, whereas
Goal conventional AI analyzes, processes, and
classifies data.

Generative AI models use vast libraries of samples

to train neural networks and other complicated
Training structures to produce new content based on those
patterns. Conventional AI employs fewer complex
algorithms and training methods.

Generative AI output is fresh, innovative, and

often unexpected.
Output Conventional AI produces more predictable
output based on existing data.

Generative AI benefits art, music, literature,

gaming, and design.
Applications Conventional AI is used in banking, healthcare,
image recognition, and language processing.

Types of Generative AI
Generative AI comes in a variety of forms, each with unique advantages and uses. Some of the most
typical varieties are listed below:

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Examples of Generative AI
Generative AI has many applications, from art and music to language and natural language processing.
Here are some examples of how generative AI is being used in various fields:
▪ Art: Generative AI is being used to create unique works of art.

▪ For example, The Next Rembrandt project used data analysis and 3D printing to create a new
painting in the style of Rembrandt
(Watch video: Video source: The Next Rembrandt. (2016, April 5). The Next Rembrandt [Video]. YouTube.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IuygOYZ1Ngo)
▪ Music: Generative AI is being used to create new music, either by composing original pieces or by
remixing existing ones.

▪ For example, AIVA is an AI composer that can create original pieces of music in various genres.

(Watch video: Video source: TED. (2018, October 1). How AI could compose a personalized soundtrack to
your life | Pierre Barreau [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wYb3Wimn01s)
▪ Language: Generative AI is being used to generate new language, such as chatbots that can hold
conversations with users or natural language generation systems that can produce written
content.
(Watch video: Video source: BBC News. (2023, January 15). What is ChatGPT, the AI software taking the
internet by storm? - BBC News [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BWCCPy7Rg-s)

Benefits of using Generative AI

Overall, generative AI offers a range of benefits, including increased creativity, efficiency, personalization,
exploration, accessibility, and scalability. By leveraging these benefits, businesses and organizations can
improve their content creation processes and provide better experiences for their users.
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Limitations of Using Generative AI

Hands-on Activity: GAN Paint

▪ GAN Paint directly activates and deactivates neurons in a deep network trained to create pictures.

▪ Each left button ("door", "brick", etc.) represents 20 neurons. The software shows that the network
learns about trees, doorways, and roofs by drawing.
▪ Switching neurons directly shows the network's visual world model.

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▪ To use GAN Paint, you will first need to select a base image
from the website's library. You can then use the brush tool
to add objects and textures to the image. As you paint, the
GAN network will learn to generate more realistic images.
▪ You are encouraged to experiment with GAN Paint and see
what you can create. Have fun!

Link: https://ganpaint-v2.vizhub.ai/

Generative AI tools
There are many generative AI tools available today that enable users to create and experiment with
generative models. Here are some popular tools:
▪ Artbreeder: Artbreeder is a web-based tool that
enables users to generate new images by
combining different GAN models. Users can
select and combine different GAN models to
create new and unique images.
Hands-on Activity
Generate Images with Text Prompt
1. Go to artbreeder.com
2. Select Create from menu bar and click on New
Image under Prompter category.
3. Give cool text prompt and see how AI
generates a picture from those prompts.
▪ Runway ML: Runway ML is a platform for
creating, training, and deploying generative models. It provides a user-friendly interface for
building and training various types of generative models, including GANs, VAEs, and image
classifiers.
(Watch video: Video source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=trXPfpV5iRQ)
Explore AI Magic Tools Of Runway ML
1. Go to https://runwayml.com/
2. Explore the AI Magic Tools
3. Take any tool of your choice and generate new content with it.

ChatGPT
Link: https://chat.openai.com/
I asked ChatGPT to introduce itself. And here is the response

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 Gemini
Link: https://gemini.google.com/
I asked Gemini to introduce itself. And here is the response!

Image source: Khare, Y. (2023, April 10). Google VS Microsoft: The Battle of AI Innovation. Analytics Vidhya.
https://www.analyticsvidhya.com/blog/2023/04/google-vs-microsoft-the-battle-of-ai-innovation/

Hands-on Activity
Chit-Chat with ChatGPT & Gemini
▪ Sign up & Login into both ChatGPT and Gemini.

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 ▪ Chat with the ChatGPT and ask it to write a paragraph on How it Works? - ChatGPT
▪ Similarly, Chat with Bard and ask it to write a paragraph on How it Works? - Gemini

Here are 6 prompts that can be tried on ChatGPT and Gemini:

1. Write a summary of the history of the internet.
2. Explain how to code a simple website.
3. Write a blog post about the latest trends in artificial intelligence.
4. Create a presentation about the benefits of cloud computing.
5. Write a research paper about the future of technology.
6. Design an app that solves a real-world problem.
Document the findings from above activity on ChatGPT vs Gemini vs Copilot based on the parameters
below:
▪ Parameter 1: Human-Like Response.

▪ Parameter 2: Training Dataset and Underlying Technology.

▪ Parameter 3: Authenticity of Response.

▪ Parameter 4: Access to the Internet.

▪ Parameter 5: User Friendliness and Interface.

▪ Parameter 6: Text Processing: Summarization,

Paragraph Writing, Etc.
▪ Parameter 7: Charges and Price.

How to Use Generative AI Tools in Real-world Scenarios

The table shows popular Generative AI tools that can be used in various fields.

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Some more tools

Ethical considerations of using Generative AI

While Generative AI offers many benefits, there are also several ethical considerations that should be
considered when using this technology.

Generative AI can replicate and amplify existing biases

present in the data used to train the model.
Bias This can lead to harmful or discriminatory outcomes,
especially if the generated content is used in high-stakes
applications such as hiring, loan approvals, or criminal justice.

Generative AI can be used to create fake news or deepfakes,

which can be used to spread misinformation and manipulate
public opinion.
Misinformation This can have serious consequences for democracy and trust in
institutions.

Generative AI can potentially be used to generate sensitive

Privacy personal information, such as credit card numbers, social
security numbers, or medical records.
This could be used for malicious purposes.

The Potential Negative Impact on Society

● Generative AI can be used to create fake news or deep fakes that can spread misinformation and
manipulate public opinion.

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● Lead to job displacement for humans who previously performed these tasks.
● Generative AI has the potential to generate sensitive personal information, such as social security
numbers or medical records, which could be used for malicious purposes.

Responsible Use of Generative AI

● Ensuring that the training data used are diverse and representative.
● The outputs are scrutinized for bias and misinformation.
● Prioritizing user privacy and consent,
● Having clear guidelines around ownership and attribution of generative content.
● Engaging in public discussions around the social and ethical implications of this technology to ensure
that it is developed and used in ways that are beneficial to society.
In short, responsible use of Generative AI is essential for ensuring that this technology is developed and
used in ways that benefit society!
By emphasizing ethics, creating trust, limiting negative repercussions, defining legislation, and
encouraging innovation, we may maximize Generative AI’s potential to improve society!

Revision Time
● What do you understand about Generative Artificial Intelligence? Give any two examples.
● Write any two AI tools each for the following-
▪ Generative AI image generation tools

▪ Generative AI text generation tools

▪ Generative AI audio generation tools

● Give full forms of the following-
▪ GANs

▪ VAEs

▪ RNNs
● How Generative AI can be helpful in following fields-
▪ Architecture
▪ Coding
▪ Music
▪ Content Creation
● Sakshi has been assigned a homework essay on the topic, “The Impact of Climate Change on Coral
Reefs.” The essay requires Sakshi to research and explain various aspects of climate change, such as
ocean acidification and rising sea temperatures, and their effects on coral reef ecosystems. His
friend suggested using some text generation tool. List some guidelines for Sakshi to prevent misuse
of Generative AI and use it constructively.

● How do you think generative AI can revolutionize the creative industry, such as art and fashion, by
enabling the generation of unique and innovative designs?

● Considering the ethical challenges associated with generative AI, what are your thoughts on
establishing guidelines or regulations to ensure responsible use of these technologies? How can we
balance the potential benefits and risks?
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