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Practice Questions - Analysis of Cables

The document presents a series of problems involving tension in wire ropes and cables, including calculations for tensions T1, T2, T3, and angles of inclination. It also addresses the determination of sag in cables under various loads and conditions, providing specific answers for each scenario. The document concludes with calculations related to a steam pipe supported by cables, including the location of the lowest point and maximum tension.

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85 views9 pages

Practice Questions - Analysis of Cables

The document presents a series of problems involving tension in wire ropes and cables, including calculations for tensions T1, T2, T3, and angles of inclination. It also addresses the determination of sag in cables under various loads and conditions, providing specific answers for each scenario. The document concludes with calculations related to a steam pipe supported by cables, including the location of the lowest point and maximum tension.

Uploaded by

krishayrodge765
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Q1. A wire rope is fixed at two points A and D as shown in Fig. 1.

Two weights 20 kN and 30


kN are attached to it at B and C, respectively. The weights rest with portions AB and BC inclined
at angles 30° and 50° respectively, to the vertical as shown in figure. Find the tension in the
wire in segments AB, BC and CD and also the inclination of the segments CD to vertical.
[Ans.𝑻𝟏 = 𝟒𝟒. 𝟕𝟗 𝒌𝑵, 𝑻𝟐 = 𝟐𝟗. 𝟐𝟒 𝒌𝑵, 𝜽 = 𝟔𝟑. 𝟒𝟐𝟐𝟎 , 𝑻𝟑 = 𝟐𝟓. 𝟎𝟒𝟓 𝒌𝑵]

Solution:

Given a system of forces in equilibrium, we aim to find the tensions T1, T2, T3, and the
angle θ.

1. Applying Lami’s Theorem at Point B


Lami’s theorem states that for a system of three concurrent and coplanar forces in equi-
librium, each force is proportional to the sine of the angle between the other two forces:
T1 T2 20 kN
= =
sin(150◦) sin(50◦) sin(160◦)
Solving for T1 and T2:

20 kN × sin(150◦)
T1 = ≈ 44.79 kN
sin(160◦)
20 kN × sin(50◦)
T2 = ≈ 29.24 kN
sin(160◦)

2. Writing Equations of Equilibrium at Point C


Considering the equilibrium conditions at point C:
Sum of horizontal forces Σ F = 0 - Sum of vertical forcesΣ F = 0
x y
These yield the equations:

T3 sin(θ) = T2 sin(50◦) ≈ 22.4 kN (i)

T3 cos(θ) = 30 kN − T2 cos(50◦) ≈ 11.20 kN (ii)

3. Solving for θ and T3


Dividing equation (i) by equation (ii):
T2 sin(50◦)
tan(θ) = ≈ 1.9987
30 kN − T2 cos(50◦)
1
θ = arctan(1.9987) ≈ 63.422◦
Solving for T3:
22.4 kN
T3 = ≈ 25.045
sin(63.422◦)

1
Q2. The cable supports the three loads shown in Fig. 2.
(a) Determine the sags yB and yD of B and D. Take P1 = 800 N,
P2 = 500 N.
(b) Determine the magnitude of P1 if P2 = 600 N and yB = 3 m.
Also find sag yD .
[Ans (a) yB = 2.22 m and yD = 1.55 m , (b) P1=320 N and
yD=2.33 m ]

Part (a)
Considering segment BCDE:
∑ME = 0
P2 (3) + P1 (9) + P2 (15) – FAB cos 𝜃1 ( yB + 1)
- FAB sin 𝜃1 (15) = 0
3
500 (3) + 800 (9) + 500 (15) - FAB ( ) (yB + 1)
2 +9
√𝑦𝐵
𝑦𝐵
- FAB( ) (15) = 0
2 +9
√𝑦𝐵
3yB + 3 15𝑦𝐵
1500 + 7200 +7500 - FAB ( ) - FAB ( )=0
2 +9
√𝑦𝐵 2 +9
√𝑦𝐵
18yB + 3
16200 - FAB ( )=0
2 +9
√𝑦𝐵
18yB + 3
FAB ( ) = 16200
2 +9
√𝑦𝐵

Segment BC
∑MC = 0
P2 (6) + FAB cos 𝜃1 (4 - yB) - FAB sin 𝜃1 ( 6) = 0
3 𝑦
500 (6) + FAB ( ) (4 - yB) - FAB ( 𝐵 ) (6) = 0
2 +9
√𝑦𝐵 2 +9
√𝑦𝐵
12−3yB 6𝑦𝐵
3000 + FAB ( ) - FAB ( )=0
2 +9
√𝑦𝐵 2 +9
√𝑦𝐵
9yB−12
3000 - FAB ( )=0
2 +9
√𝑦𝐵
9yB−12
FAB ( ) = 3000
2 +9
√𝑦𝐵

18yB + 3
FAB ( )
√𝑦2
𝐵 +9 16200
= 3000
9yB−12
FAB ( )
√𝑦2
𝐵 +9
18yB + 3 16200
=
9yB−12 3000
54000yB + 9000 = 145800yB – 194400
91800yB = 203400
yB = 2.22 m
Calculating FAB on substituting yB = 2.22m
FAB = 1403.04 N
Joint B:
∑Fy = 0
FAB sin 𝜃1 – P2 – FBC sin 𝜃2 = 0
2.22
sin 𝜃1 = √2.222 => 𝜃1 = 36.5°
+9
1.78
tan 𝜃2 = => 𝜃2 = 16.52°
6
FBC = 1178.03 N
Joint C:
∑Fy = 0
FBC sin 𝜃2 – P1 + FCD sin 𝜃3 = 0 along vertical direction
FCD cos 𝜃3 - FBC cos 𝜃2 = 0
4−𝑦𝐷
FCD ( 2
) = 465.04
√(4−𝑦𝐷 ) +36
6
FCD ( ) = 1129.40
√(4−𝑦𝐷 )2 +36

4−𝑦𝐷
FAB ( )
√(4−𝑦𝐷 )2 +36 465.04
= 1129.40
6
FAB ( )
√(4−𝑦𝐷 )2 +36

𝑦𝐷 = 1.55m

Part (b) yB = 3 m and P2 = 600 N


At B
3 6
∑Fx = 0 FAB - FBC =0
√18 √37
3 1
∑Fy = 0 FAB - FBC - 600= 0
√18 √37
FAB = 1018 N
FBC = 730 N
At C
6 6
∑Fx = 0 -(730) + FCD ( )=0 …….(1)
√37 √(4−𝑦𝐷 )2 +36
1 4−𝑦𝐷
∑Fy = 0 (730) + FCD ( ) – P1 = 0
√37 √(4−𝑦𝐷 )2 +36
At D
3 6
∑Fx = 0 FDE - FCD = 0
√(1+𝑦𝐷)2 +9 √(4−𝑦𝐷)2 +36
1+𝑦𝐷 4−𝑦𝐷
∑Fy = 0 FDE - FCD - 600= 0
√(1+𝑦𝐷)2 +9 √(4−𝑦𝐷)2 +36
√(4−𝑦𝐷 )2 +36
FCD = 600 3𝑦𝐷−2
On substituting to eq (1)
yD = 2.3 m
FCD = 748.8 N
P1 = 320 N
Q3. If the pipe has a mass per unit length of 1500 kg/m, determine the maximum and minimum
tension developed in the cable. (Refer Fig. 3)
[Ans Tmax = 594 kN, Tmin = 552 kN]

Fig. 3

Solution:
Q4. The cable will break when the maximum tension reaches Tmax = 10 kN. Determine the
minimum sag h if it supports the uniform distributed load of w = 600 N/m.

Solution:
We Know
𝑤0 𝑙2
𝐻= 8ℎ
𝑤0 𝑙
V= 2

Tmax = √𝐻 2 + 𝑉 2

𝑤0 𝑙2 2 𝑤0 𝑙 2
Tmax = √( ) +( )
8ℎ 2

Putting w0 = 0.6 kN/m, l = 25m, Tmax = 10 kN gives h = 7.09m.


Q5. A steam pipe weighing 45 kg/m that passes between two buildings 40 m apart is supported
by a system of cables as shown in Fig. 5. Assuming that the weight of the cable system is
equivalent to a uniformly distributed loading of 5 kg/m, determine (a) the location of the lowest
point C of the cable, and (b) the maximum tension in the cable.
[Ans. (a) Point C is 16 m to left of B, (b)𝐓𝐦𝐚𝐱 = 𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝒌𝒈]

Fig. 5

Solution:

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