ME08-08D-T

Machine Design 1
(lec/lab)
Allowance and Tolerance

Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Prepared
Engineeringby: Engr Triztan S. dela Cruz
METROLOGY MEANS?
Based on BIPM or the Bureau of Weights and Measures

It is the science of measurement, embracing

both experimental and theoretical determinations
at any level of uncertainty in any field of science
and technology.

Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
METROLOGY MEANS?

•Comes from a Greek word “metron”

and “logos” which means study of
measurement.

Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
TERMINOLOGIES

HOLE AND SHAFT

Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
QUESTION

IS THERE A HOLE WHICH IS NOT CYLINDRICAL?

Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
ANSWER

•YES
• It is based on the purpose
• It is based on the design
• Nowadays, there is an advance machining that could cater such holes
like square, oval, a polygon or any other shape

Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
• TOLERANCE – the amount of variation from the specified
dimension in the manufactured part.

Example :

Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
• ALLOWANCE – the intension difference between the dimension
of the two mating part.

• Example

• You are going to fabricate a shaft whose diameter is 25 mm.

• Including allowance you might purchase 1 inch diameter shaft which
is equivalent to 25.4. Meaning you have an allowance a 0.4 mm for
machining purpose.
Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig
Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
• LIMIT – the maximum and the minimum sizes indicated by a
tolerance dimension.
• MAXIMUM LIMIT OF SIZE - the greater of the two limit of size
• MINIMUM LIMIT OF SIZE – the smaller of the two limit of size

Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
BASIC SIZE /BASIC DIMENSION– is the size referred to in order to fix the
limits of size by the application of the allowance and tolerance. The
basic size is the same for each mating part.

SHAFT

HOLE Basic Dimension /

Basic Size
Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig
Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
SHAFT – the term used by convention to
designate external features of a part including
part which are not cylindrical.
HOLE – the term used by convention to designate
all internal features of a part including part
which are not cylindrical.
SHAFT

HOLE Basic Dimension /

Basic Size
Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig
Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
DEVIATION – the algebraic difference between the size and the
corresponding basic size.
ACTUAL DEVIATION – the algebraic difference between the actual size and
the corresponding basic size.
UPPER DEVIATION – the algebraic difference between the maximum limit
of size and the corresponding basic size. ES for hole es for shaft.
LOWER DEVIATION - the algebraic difference between the minimum limit
of size and the corresponding basic size. EI for hole ei for shaft.

Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
FUNDAMENTAL DEVIATION – the one of the two deviations
being the one nearest to the zero line which is conventionally
chosen to define the position of the tolerance zone in relation
to zero line.
ZERO LINE – the straight line to which the deviations are
referred. The zero line is the line of zero deviation and
represents the basic size.

Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
 Lower Tolerance
Deviation Upper of Hole
Deviation Hole

Zero Line

Maximum Shaft
Minimum Tolerance of
Diameter
Diameter Shaft
Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig
Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
STANDARD TOLERANCE UNIT – it is the unit used
to calculate the various grade of tolerance for a
given basic size. It is designated by letter I.

Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
 General Cases
Above (a) Up to (b)

3 6

6 10

10 18

18 30

30 50

50 80

80 120

120 180

180 250

250 315

315 400

400 500

Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
 Tolerance Grade Value
1T 5 7I
GRADE OF TOLERANCE – 1T 6 10I
is an indication of the 1T 7 16I
degree of accuracy of 1T 8 25I
manufacture and is 1T 9 40I
designated by the letter 1T 10 64I
IT followed by the 1T 11 100I
number. 1T 12 160I
1T 13 250I
1T 14 400I
1T 15 640I
1T 16 1000I
Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig
Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
Clearance Fit
In this type of fit, the largest permitted shaft diameter is
smaller than the diameter of the smallest hole, so that the shaft
can rotate or slide through with different degrees of freedom
according to purpose of the mating members.

SHAFT

HOLE
Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig
Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
Transition Fit
In a fit of this type the diameter of the largest allowable
hole is greater than that of the smallest shaft, but the smallest
hole is larger than the largest shaft, so that small positive or
negative clearance between the shaft and hole members are
employable.

SHAFT

HOLE

Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
Interference Fit
- the difference between the sizes of a hole and a shaft which
are to be assembled together when the shaft is larger than the hole.

SHAFT

HOLE

Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
 HOLE Tolerance Grade SHAFT Tolerance Grade

HOLE HOLE
ZERO
LINE
SHAFT SHAFT

HOLE BASIS SYSTEM HOLE BASIS SYSTEM

•Lower deviation of hole is zero. “H” Hole •Upper deviation of shat is zero. “h” Shaft
•1 is Clearance Fit •1 is Clearance Fit
•2 is Transition Fit •2 is Transition Fit
•3 is Interference Fit •3 is Interference Fit

Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
GO NO GO NO GO

GO
Figure 1.0. An example of Plug
Gauges
A. Double Ended / Single Limit
B. Single Ended / Single Limit
C. Single Ended / Double Limit NO GO

GO

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Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
 GO NO GO
A
GO
NO GO
Figure 2.0. Examples of Ring / Snap Gauges.
A. Single Limit
B. Double Limit B
Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig
Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
Functional dimensions are those which have to be
machined and fit with other mating components.

Non-functional dimensions are those which need not

be machined to a higher degree of accuracy. These
have no effects on the quality or performance of the
component or assembly.

Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
Example: Calculate the limits of tolerance
and allowance for a 60mm shaft and hole Above (a) Up to (b)
pair designated H7 / m6. 3
Solution: 3 6
Step 1. Find out in which range does 6 10
60mm lies. In this, case it is between 10 18
50 – 80 mm. 18 30
30 50
50 80
80 120
120 180
180 250
250 315
315 400
400 500

Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig
Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
 Tolerance Grade Value
Step 4. Calculate tolerance grade
1T 5 7I
(IT7) for H7
1T 6 10I
IT7 = 16I = 16 x 0.001856
= 0.0297 mm.
1T 7 16I
1T 8 25I
Step 5. Calculate tolerance grade
(IT6) for m6 1T 9 40I
1T 10 64I
IT6 = 10I = 10 x 0.001856
= 0.019 mm. 1T 11 100I
1T 12 160I
1T 13 250I
1T 14 400I
1T 15 640I
1T 16 1000I
Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig
Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
Step 6. Calculate the fundamental deviation.

Hole – H

F.D. = 0

Shaft – m

F. D.= 0.024D + 12.6

= 0.024 (63.25) + 12.6
= 0.0141 mm.

Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
 SHAFT HOLE
FORMULA FOR DEVIATION IN MICRONS D in
TYPE SIGN TYPE SIGN mm
d - D + 16 D 0.44
e - E + 11 D 0.41
f - F + 5.5 D 0.41
g - G + 2.5 D 0.34
h - H 0
js - JS + 0.5 ITn

k + K - K4 to K7: 0.6 √ D all others: 0

m + M - 0.024D + 12.6
n + N - 0.04D + 21
p + P - 0.072D + 37.8

r + R - Geometric Mean between p & s or P & S

s + S - IT7 + 0.4D
t + T - IT7 + 0.63D
u + U - IT7 + D

Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
 F.D. = + F.D. = 0 F.D. = -
TOLERANCE TOLERANCE

FUNDAMENTAL
DEVIATION FUNDAMENTAL
DEVIATION

BASIC
SIZE
TOLERANCE

LLS = Basic Size + F.D. LLS = Basic Size ULS = Basic Size - F.D.
ULS = LLH + Tol. ULS = Basic Size + Tol. LLS = ULH - Tol.

LEGEND:
- TOLERANCE

- FUNDAMENTAL DEVIATION
Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig
Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
 INTERFERENCE TRANSITION CLEARANCE
FUNDAMENTAL F.D. = + F.D. = 0 F.D. = -
TOLERANCE
DEVIATION TOLERANCE FUNDAMENTAL
DEVIATION
BASIC SIZE

TOLERANCE

ULS = BASIC SIZE + F.D. + TOL ULS = BASIC SIZE ULS = BASIC SIZE – F.D.
LLS = BASIC SIZE + F.D. LLS = BASIC SIZE - TOL LLS = BASIC SIZE - F.D. - TOL

LEGEND:
- TOLERANCE
- FUNDAMENTAL DEVIATION

Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
Step 7. Calculate the shaft limits of sizes.

HOLE
Lower limit of size = Basic Size
= 60 mm

Upper limit of size = Basic Size + Tolerance

= 60 mm + 0.030 mm
= 60.030 mm

SHAFT
Upper Limit of Size = Basic Size +F.D.+ tolerance
= 60 mm + 0.014 mm+0.019mm
= 60.033 mm

Lower Limit of Size = Basic Size + F.D.

= 60 mm + 0.014 mm
= 60.014

Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
 FUNDAMENTAL DEVIATION
MINIMUM MAXIMUM INTERFERENCE
CLEARANCE MAXIMUM (ALLOWANCE)
MAXIMUM CLERANCE
(ALLOWANCE) INTERFERENCE
(ALLOWANCE)
TOLERANCE

MAXIMUM
CLEARNCE MINIMUM
INTERFENCE
H
L LIMITS OF OVERSIZE
BASIC SIZE

SIZE FOR HOLE

UNDERSIZE HOLE
LIMITS OF
HOLE SIZE FOR
SHAFT

CLEARANCE TRANSITION INTERFERENCE

SYMBOLS INDICATING TOLERANCE ZONES

HOLE SHAFT

Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
Type of With Holes
Cases of Fit REMARKS
Fit H6 H7 H8 H11
Shaft a - - - All Not widely used

Shaft b - - - - Not widely used

Shaft c - *c8 *c9 *c11 Slack running fit

Shaft d - *d8 *d8 *d11 Loose running fit

Shaft e E7 e8 e8 - Easy running fit

Shaft f *f6 *f7 *f8 - Normal running fit

Shaft g *g5 *g6 *g7 - Close running fit or sliding

Precision sliding fit time spigot and

Shaft h *h5 *h6 *h7 *h11 location fit

Push fit for very accurate location

Shaft j *j5 *j6 *j7 - with easy assembly and dis-
dismantling

Shaft k *k5 *k6 *k7 - Light keying fit

Shaft m *m5 *m6 *m7 - Medium keying fit

Heavy keying fit (for light

Shaft n *n5 *n6 *n7 - assembly of making parts)

Light press fit with easy dismantling

Shaft p *p5 *p6 - - for non ferrous parts

Medium drive fit with easy

Shaft r *r5 *r6 - - dismantling

Shaft s *s5 *s6 *s7 - Heavy drive fit

Shaft t *t5 *t6 *t7 - Force fit for permanent assembly

Shaft u *u5 *u6 *u - Heavy force fit or shrink fit

Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
CALCULATE THE LIMIT OF SIZE OF THE HOLE AND SHAFT FOR THE
FOLLOWING FIT : 70mm H6 / k5

Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
CALCULATE THE LIMIT OF SIZE OF THE HOLE AND SHAFT FOR THE
FOLLOWING FIT : 70mm H6 / k5
4. FUNDAMENTAL DEVIATION
A. HOLE
FD = 0 mm
B. SHAFT
FD = 0.6 √D
= 0.6 √63.25
F.D. = 0.00477 mm

5. LIMIT OF SIZE
A. HOLE:

LLS = 70 mm
ULS = BS + TOL = 70 + 0.01856
= 70.01856 mm

B. SHAFT: LLS = BS + FD = 70 + 0.00477

= 70.00477 mm
ULS = LLS + TOL = 70.00477+ 0.013
= 70.0178 mm

Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
CALCULATE THE LIMIT OF SIZE OF THE HOLE AND SHAFT FOR THE
FOLLOWING FIT : 70mm H6 / k5

6. MAXIMUM INTERFERENCE
= ULS (SHAFT) - LLS (HOLE)
= 70.0178- 70
= 0.0178 mm

7. MINIMUM INTERFERENCE
= LLS (SHAFT)- ULS(HOLE)
= 70.00477- 70.01856
= -0.01379 mm

Note: Negative signs is just a reminder that shaft is larger than the hole.

Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
 Data sheet 4500A – hole basis. Given that the basic size of
hole and shaft are 55mm diameter, and it is an interference
fit- hole/shaft H7-p6, find:

1. The limit size.

2. The tolerance on the shaft.
3. The tolerance on the hole.
4. The upper and lower deviation on the shaft.
5. The upper and lower deviation on the hole.
6. The maximum and minimum fit of the shaft in the hole.

Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
• The limit size for the shaft p6
= 55.051 high limit
55.032 low limit

• The limit size of the hole H7 =

= 55.030 high limit
55.000 low limit

Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
= 55.051 – 55.032
= 0.019mm

= 55.030 – 55.000
= 0.030mm

Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
• The upper deviation on the shaft
= maximum size - basic size
= 55.051 – 55.000 = 0.051mm

• The lower deviation on the shaft

= minimum size – basic size
= 55.032 – 55.000 = 0.032mm

Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
• The upper deviation on the hole
= maximum size – basic size
= 55.032 – 55.000 = 0.03Ø

• The lower deviation on the hole

= 55.000 – 55.000 = 0.000mm

Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
= minimum shaft size – maximum hole size
= 55.032 - 55.030 = 0.002mm

= maximum shaft size – minimum hole size

= 55.051 - 55.000 = 0.051mm

Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
• Tolerance – tolerance on a dimension is
the difference between the high and low
limits of its size

• Allowance – An intentional difference

between the hole and shaft dimension for
any type of fit.

• Fits – The relation resulting from the

difference between sizes of a hole and a
shaft before assembly
Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig
Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
• Nominal Size – the nominal size of a dimension or part is
the size by which it is referred to as a matter of
convenience.

• Basic Size – It is got to be a ascribed for the sake of

convenience and the size of a part in relation to which al
limits of variation are determined.

• Zero Line – This line which represents the basic size so

that deviation from the basic size is zero.

• Actual Size – This is the measured size

• Limits – These are two extreme permissible sizes for any

dimension

Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
 There are some considerations in deciding the
limits necessary for a particular dimension.
These are as follows:

• Functional requirement – function of the

component, what it is required to do.

• Interchangeability – its replacement in the

event of failure.

• Economics – minimization of time and cost.

Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
 Ideal conditions called for parts without
any kind of dimensional variations. However,
actual practice tells otherwise due to the
following:

• Variation in the properties of materials being machined

introduce errors.
• The production machine themselves have some inherent
inaccuracies built into them and have the limitations to produce
perfect parts.
• It is impossible for an operator to make perfect settings. Set-up
error can creep in depending on the operators skill.

Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
 Tolerance can be defined as the magnitude of permissible
variation of a dimension or other measured or control criterion from
specified value.

Unilateral Tolerance when tolerance distribution is on only one

size of basic size.

Basic Size ( 0 + 22µ)

Bilateral Tolerance when permissible variation is both plus and

minus or on both direction of basic size.

Basic Size ( +/- 22µ)

Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
 Gauges are classified according to:
• Type
• Standard and limit gauges
• Limit gauges
• Purpose
• Workshop
• Inspection
• Reference or master gauge
• Form of tested surface
• Plug gauges (holes)
• Snap and ring gauges (shaft)
• Design
• Single limit and double limit
• Single ended and double ended
• Fixed and adjustable

Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
 Cost of production keeps on increasing tremendously
for very precise tolerance. As the tolerance approaches
zero, the task of achieving it becomes enormous and
finally impossible.

Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
 Gauges are inspection tools of rigid design,
without a scale, which serve to check the
dimension of manufactured parts. They can
only be used in determining whether the
inspected parts are made within the specified
limits.
Thus, gauges must conform with the shape
and form of the inspected parts (as mating
parts)
Plug gauges for hole inspection and
ring/snap gauges for shaft inspection.
Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig
Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
 Table 1
HOLE BASIS SYSTEM
NOMINAL SIZE/MM HOLE SHAFT MICRON HOLE SHAFT HOLE SHAFT HOLE SHAFT

OVER UP TO AND
INCLUDING H-7 s6 p6 n6 k6 h6 g6 H-8 f7 H-9 e9 d10 H11 c11

+10 +20 +12 +10 +6 0 -2 +14 -6 25 -14 -20 +60 -60

0-3
0 +11 +6 +4 0 -6 -8 0 16 0 -39 -60 0 -120

+12 +27 +20 +16 +9 0 -4 +18 -10 30 -20 -30 +75 -170
3 to 6
0 +19 +12 +8 +1 -8 -12 0 -12 0 -50 -78 0 -145

+15 +32 +24 +19 +10 0 -5 +22 -13 +36 -25 -40 +90 -180
6 to 10
0 +23 +18 +10 +1 -9 -14 0 -28 0 -61 -98 0 -170

+18 +39 +29 +23 +12 0 -6 -27 -16 +43 -32 -50 +100 -95
10 to 18
0 +28 +18 +12 +1 -1 -17 0 -34 0 -75 -120 0 -205

+21 +48 +35 +28 +15 0 -7 +33 -20 +52 -40 -65 +130 -110
18-30
0 +35 +22 +15 +2 -13 -20 0 -41 0 -92 -149 0 -240

+25 +59 +42 +33 +18 0 -9 +39 -25 +62 -50 -80 +160 -120
30-40
0 +43 +26 +17 +2 -16 -25 0 -50 0 -112 -180 0 -280

+25 +59 +42 +33 +18 0 -9 +39 -25 +62 -50 -80 +160 -130
40-50
0 +43 +26 +17 +2 -16 -25 0 -50 0 -112 -180 0 -290

+30 +72 +51 +39 +21 0 -10 +46 -30 +74 -60 -100 +190 -140
50-65
0 +53 +32 +20 +2 -19 -29 0 -60 0 -134 -220 0 -330

+30 +78 +51 +39 +21 0 -10 +46 -30 +74 -60 -100 +190 -150
65-80
0 +59 +32 +20 +2 -19 -29 0 -60 0 -134 -220 0 -340

+35 +93 +59 +45 +25 0 -12 +54 -36 +87 -72 -120 +220 -170
80-100
0 +71 +37 +23 +3 -22 -34 0 -71 0 -159 -260 0 -390

100-120 0 +79 +37 +23 +3 -22 -34 0 -71 0 -159 -260 0 -400

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Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
 +40 +117 +68 +52 +28 0 -14 +63 -43 +100 -85 -145 +250 -200
120-140
0 +92 +43 +27 +3 -25 -39 0 -83 0 -185 -305 0 -450
+40 +125 +68 +52 +28 0 -14 +63 -43 +100 -85 -145 +250 -210
140-160
0 +100 +43 +27 +3 -25 -39 0 -83 0 -185 -305 0 -460

+40 +133 +68 +52 +28 0 -14 +63 -43 +100 -85 -145 +250 -230
160-180
0 +108 +43 +27 +3 -25 -39 0 -83 0 -185 -305 0 -480
+46 +151 +79 +60 +33 0 -15 +72 -50 +115 -100 -170 +290 -240
180-200
0 +122 +50 +31 +4 -29 -44 0 -96 0 -215 -355 0 -530

+46 +159 +79 +60 +33 0 -15 +72 -50 +115 -100 -170 +290 -260
200-225
0 +130 +50 +31 +4 -29 -44 0 -96 0 -215 -355 0 -550
+46 +169 +79 +60 +33 0 -15 +72 -50 +115 -100 -170 +290 -280
225-250
0 +140 +50 +31 +4 -29 -44 0 -96 0 -215 -355 0 -570

+52 +190 +88 +66 +36 0 -17 +81 -56 +130 -110 -190 +320 -300
250-280
0 +158 +56 +34 +4 -32 -49 0 -108 0 -240 -400 0 -620
+52 +202 +88 +66 +36 0 -17 +81 -56 +130 -110 -190 +320 -330
280-315
0 +170 +56 +34 +4 -32 -49 0 -108 0 -240 -400 0 -650

+57 +226 +98 +73 +40 0 -18 +89 -62 +140 -25 -210 +360 -360
315-355
0 +190 +62 +37 +4 -36 -54 0 -119 0 -265 -440 0 -720
+57 +244 +98 +73 +40 0 -18 +89 -62 +140 -25 -210 +360 -400
355-400
0 +208 62 +77 +4 -36 -54 0 -119 0 -265 -440 0 -760

+63 +272 +108 +80 +45 0 -20 +97 -68 +155 -135 -230 +400 -440
400-450
0 +232 +168 +10 +5 -40 -60 0 -131 0 -290 -480 0 -840
+63 +292 +108 +80 +45 0 -20 +97 -68 +155 -135 -230 +400 -480
450-500
0 +252 +168 +10 +5 -40 -60 0 -131 0 -290 -480 0 -880

PRECIS MEDIU COARS

CLOSE PRECISIO LIGHT
ION N M E
TYPE OF FIT FORCE DRIVE PUSH LOCATIONAL SLIDIN RUNNIN RUNNI
SLIDIN RUNNI RUNNI
G G G NG
NG NG
Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig
Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
 SHAFT BASIS SYSTEM
NOMINAL
SIZE/MM SHAFT SHAFT MICRON SHAFT SHAFT HOLE SHAFT HOLE

OVER UP TO AND
INCLUDING h6 S7 P7 N7 K7 H7 G7 h7 F8 h9 E9 D9 h11 C11
0 -14 -6 -4 0 +10 +12 0 +20 0 +39 +60 0 +120
0-3
-6 -24 -16 -14 +10 0 +2 -10 +6 -25 +14 +20 -60 +60

0 -15 -8 -4 +3 +12 +16 0 +26 0 +50 +78 0 +145

3 to 6
-8 -27 -20 -16 -9 0 +4 -12 +10 -30 +20 +30 -75 +70

0 -17 -9 -4 +5 +15 +20 0 +35 0 +61 +98 0 +170

6 to 10
-9 -21 -24 -19 -10 0 +5 -15 +13 -36 +25 +40 -90 +80

0 -21 -11 -5 +6 +18 +24 0 +43 0 +75 +120 0 +205

10 to 18
-11 -39 -29 -23 -12 0 +6 -18 +16 -43 +32 +50 -110 +95

0 -27 -14 -7 +6 +12 +28 0 +53 0 +92 +149 0 +240

18-30
-13 -48 -35 -28 -15 0 +7 -21 +20 -52 +40 +65 -130 +110
0 -34 -17 -8 +7 +25 +34 0 +64 0 +112 +180 0 +280
30-40
-16 -59 -42 -33 -18 0 +9 -25 +25 -62 +50 +80 -160 +120
0 -34 -17 -8 +7 +25 +34 0 +64 0 +112 +180 0 +290
40-50
-16 -59 -42 -33 -18 0 +9 -25 +25 -62 +50 +80 -160 +130

0 -42 -21 -9 +9 +30 +40 0 +76 0 +134 +220 0 +330

50-65
-19 -72 -51 -39 -21 0 +10 -70 +30 -74 +60 +100 -190 +140

0 -48 -21 -9 +9 +30 +40 0 +76 0 +134 +220 0 +340

65-80
-19 -78 -51 -39 -21 0 10 -70 +30 -74 +60 +100 -190 +150
0 -58 -24 -10 +10 +35 +47 0 +90 0 +159 +260 0 +390
80-100
-22 -93 -59 -45 -25 0 +12 -35 +36 -87 +72 +120 -220 +170

100-120 -22 -101 -59 -45 -25 0 +12 -35 +36 -87 +72 +120 -220 +180

Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
 120-140
-25 -117 -68 -52 -18 0 +14 -40 +43 -100 +85 +45 -250 +200

0 -85 -28 -12 12 +40 +50 0 +106 0 +185 +305 0 +460

140-160
-25 -125 -68 -52 -18 0 +14 -40 +43 -100 +85 +45 -250 +210

0 -93 -28 -12 12 +40 +50 0 +106 0 +185 +305 0 +480

160-180
-25 -133 -68 -52 -18 0 +14 -40 +43 -100 +85 +45 -250 +230

0 -105 -33 -14 +33 +46 +61 0 +122 0 +215 +355 0 +530
180-200
-29 -151 -79 -60 -33 0 +15 -46 +50 -115 +100 +170 -290 +240
0 -113 -33 -14 +33 +46 +61 0 +122 0 +215 +215 0 +550
200-225
-29 -59 -79 -60 -33 0 +15 -46 +50 -115 +100 +100 -290 +260

0 -123 -33 -14 +33 +46 +61 0 +122 0 +215 +215 0 +570
225-250
-29 -169 -79 -60 -33 0 +15 -46 +50 -115 +100 +100 -290 +280
0 -138 -48 -14 +16 +52 +69 0 +137 0 +240 +240 0 +620
250-280
-32 -190 -88 -66 -36 0 +17 -52 +56 -130 +110 +110 -320 300

0 -150 -48 -14 +16 +52 +69 0 +137 0 +240 +240 0 +650
280-315
-32 -202 -88 -66 -36 0 +17 -52 +56 -130 +110 +110 -320 +330

0 -169 -41 -76 +17 +57 +75 0 +151 0 +265 +265 +360 +720
315-355
-36 -226 -98 -73 -40 0 +18 -57 +62 -140 +125 +125 0 +360

0 -187 -41 -76 +17 +57 +75 0 +151 0 +265 +265 +360 +760
355-400
-36 -244 -98 -73 -40 0 +18 -57 +62 -140 +125 +125 0 +400

0 -209 -45 -17 +18 +60 +83 0 +165 0 +290 +480 0 +840
400-450
-40 -272 -108 -80 -45 0 +20 -63 +68 -155 +135 +230 -400 +440

0 -229 -45 -17 +18 +60 83 0 +165 0 +290 +480 0 +880

450-500
-40 -292 -108 -80 -45 0 +20 -63 +68 -155 +135 +230 -400 +480

MEDIU
CLOSE PRECISI LIGHT COARSE
PRECISION M
TYPE OF FIT FORCE DRIVE PUSH LOCATIONAL SLIDIN ON RUNNING RUNNIN RUNNIN
SLIDING
RUNNIN
G G G
G

Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
 Data sheet 4500B – shaft basis. Given that the basic size
of shaft and hole are 90mm diameter, and it is a transition fit-
shaft/hole h6/K7, find:

1. The limit size.

2. The tolerance on the shaft.
3. The tolerance on the hole.
4. The upper and lower deviation on the shaft.
5. The upper and lower deviation on the hole.
6. The maximum interference.
7. The maximum clearance.

Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
• The limit size for the shaft = 90
= 90.000 high limit
89.978 low limit

• The limit size of the hole = 90

= 90.010 high limit
90.975 low limit

Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
= 90.000 – 89.978
= 0.022mm

= 90.010 – 89.975
= 0.035mm

Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
• The upper deviation on the shaft
= basic size - maximum shaft size
= 90.00 – 90.000 = 0.000mm

• The lower deviation on the shaft

= basic size – minimum shaft size
= 90.000 – 89.978 = 0.022mm

Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
• The upper deviation on the hole
= basic size – maximum hole size
= 90.000 – 90.010 = 0.010

• The lower deviation on the hole

= basic size – minimum hole size
= 90.000 – 89.975 = 0.025

Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
= maximum shaft size – minimum hole size
= 90.000 – 89.975 = 0.025mm

= maximum hole size – minimum shaft size

= 90.010 – 89.978 = 0.032mm

Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig
Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering