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Projekt Anglisht

The UK Parliament, one of the oldest in the world, evolved from a council of nobles in the 13th century to a supreme legislative body that represents the people. It consists of two houses: the House of Commons, made up of elected Members of Parliament (MPs), and the House of Lords, composed of appointed members. Additionally, Scotland has its own parliament with devolved powers, allowing for local decision-making while remaining under the UK's governance.

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24 views2 pages

Projekt Anglisht

The UK Parliament, one of the oldest in the world, evolved from a council of nobles in the 13th century to a supreme legislative body that represents the people. It consists of two houses: the House of Commons, made up of elected Members of Parliament (MPs), and the House of Lords, composed of appointed members. Additionally, Scotland has its own parliament with devolved powers, allowing for local decision-making while remaining under the UK's governance.

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shkelqimvishi129
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Cultural Aspects of the UK: The Parliament

1. The History of the UK Parliament

The UK Parliament is one of the oldest in the world, with roots going back to the
13th century. It began as a council of nobles and clergy who advised the monarch,
but over time, it evolved into a legislative body that represents the people. The
first official English Parliament was formed in 1295 by King Edward I, known as the
“Model Parliament.” Over the centuries, Parliament gained more power, limiting the
monarchy’s authority.

A significant moment in parliamentary history was the English Civil War (1642-
1651), which led to the execution of King Charles I and the temporary abolition of
the monarchy. When the monarchy was restored in 1660, Parliament’s power continued
to grow. The Glorious Revolution of 1688 further strengthened Parliament by
establishing constitutional monarchy, meaning the king or queen could not rule
without Parliament’s consent.

The Parliament of the United Kingdom, as we know it today, was officially formed in
1707 after the Acts of Union united England and Scotland under one government. In
1801, Ireland joined, but after 1922, only Northern Ireland remained part of the
UK.

2. The Role and Importance of the UK Parliament

The UK Parliament is the supreme legislative body, responsible for making and
passing laws, debating important issues, and holding the government accountable. It
is located in the Palace of Westminster in London. Parliament consists of two
houses:
• The House of Commons – Made up of Members of Parliament (MPs) elected
by the public. It is the main law-making body.
• The House of Lords – Made up of appointed and hereditary members who
review and revise laws.

The Prime Minister and the government must answer to Parliament, ensuring democracy
and transparency in the country. Parliament also plays a key role in approving the
national budget, discussing policies, and addressing public concerns.

3. Members of Parliament and Their Roles

Members of Parliament (MPs) are elected by the public in general elections, which
are held every five years. There are 650 MPs in the House of Commons, each
representing a specific area called a constituency. Their main responsibilities
include:
• Debating and voting on new laws
• Representing the interests of their constituents
• Holding the government accountable through questioning ministers

The House of Lords, on the other hand, consists of appointed members, including
life peers, bishops, and hereditary peers. Unlike MPs, they are not elected but
play a role in reviewing laws passed by the House of Commons.

4. The Scottish Parliament

In addition to the UK Parliament, Scotland has its own parliament, established in


1999 after a public vote. The Scottish Parliament is based in Edinburgh and has the
power to make decisions on education, health, justice, and other domestic issues.
However, matters like defense and foreign policy remain under the UK Parliament’s
control.
The Scottish Parliament consists of 129 Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs),
who are elected by the people of Scotland. It provides Scotland with more
independence in decision-making while still being part of the UK.

Conclusion

The UK Parliament is a key part of the country’s democracy, with a long history of
shaping the nation’s laws and governance. It plays a vital role in representing the
people, making laws, and holding the government accountable. Additionally, devolved
parliaments, such as the Scottish Parliament, allow different parts of the UK to
have a say in their own affairs.

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