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Assignment3

The document outlines various engineering problems related to vibrations, natural frequencies, and equations of motion for different mechanical systems, including reciprocating engines, shafts with rotors, electric motors, cranes, and automobiles. It includes tasks such as deriving conditions for steady-state displacement, applying Holzer's method for natural frequencies, and using Lagrange's equations for complex systems. Each problem requires analysis of parameters like mass, stiffness, and damping to determine system behavior under specific conditions.

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spsniraj2020
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10 views8 pages

Assignment3

The document outlines various engineering problems related to vibrations, natural frequencies, and equations of motion for different mechanical systems, including reciprocating engines, shafts with rotors, electric motors, cranes, and automobiles. It includes tasks such as deriving conditions for steady-state displacement, applying Holzer's method for natural frequencies, and using Lagrange's equations for complex systems. Each problem requires analysis of parameters like mass, stiffness, and damping to determine system behavior under specific conditions.

Uploaded by

spsniraj2020
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

A reciprocating engine of mass is mounted on a fixed-fixed beam of


length , width , thickness , and young’s modulus , as shown in the
below Figure. A spring-mass system ( , ) is suspended from the beam
as indicated in the figure. Find the relation between and that leads to
no steady-state vibration of the beam when a harmonic force, ( ) =
cos( ) , is developed in the engine during its operation.

2. A uniform shaft carries three rotors as shown below Figure with mass
moments of inertia = = 5 kg m and = 10 kg m . The torsional
stiffnesses of the segments between the rotors are given by =
20,000 Nm/rad and = 10,000 Nm/rad. Determine the natural
frequencies and mode shapes of the system using Holzer’s methods.

3. . An electric motor, of mass 20 kg and operating speed 1350 rpm, is placed


on a fixed-fixed steel beam of width 15 cm and depth 12 cm, as shown in
Figure. The motor has a rotating unbalance of 0.1 kg-m. The amplitude of
vibration of the beam under steady-state operation of the motor is
suppressed by attaching an undamped vibration absorber underneath the
motor, as shown in Figure. Determine the mass and stiffness of the
absorber such that the amplitude of the absorber mass is less than 2 cm.
4. Consider the system shown in Figure in which a harmonic force acts on
the mass m.
Derive the condition under which the steady-state displacement of mass
m will be zero.

5. Prove that Rayleigh's quotient is never higher than the highest eigenvalue.

6. Estimate the fundamental frequency of the shaft shown in Fig. 7.3, using
Dunkerley s formula for the following data:
m1 = m, m2 = 2m, m3 = 3m, l1 = l2 = l3 = l4 = l/4

Solutions

7. A uniform shaft carries three rotors as shown in figure below. The mass
moment of inertia are J1 = 5 kg-m2 , J2 = 15 kg-m2 and , J3 = 25 kg-m2. The
torsional stiffnesses of the segments between the rotors are given by kt1 =
20000 N-m/rad and kt2 = 60000 N-m/rad. Determine the natural frequencies
and mode shapes of the system using Holzer’s method.
8. Consider the two-degree-of-freedom system shown in Figure below with
m1 = m2 = 1; and k1 = k2 = 4. The masses m1 and m2 move on a rough surface
for which the equivalent viscous damping constants can be assumed as c1 =
c2 = 2.
(a) Derive the equations of motion of the system.
(b) Find the natural frequencies and mode shapes of the undamped
system

9. An overhead traveling crane can be modelled as indicated as below.


Assuming that the girder has a span of 40 m, an area moment of inertia (I)
of 0.02 m4, and a modulus of elasticity (E) of 2.06 X 1011,The trolley has a
mass (m1) of 1000 Kg, the load being lifted has a mass (m2) of 5000 Kg,
and the cable through which the mass (m2) is lifted has a stiffness (k) of
3.0 X 105 N/m, determine the natural frequency and mode shapes of the
system.
10. An automobile is modeled with a capability of pitch and bounce motions,
as shown in Fig. It travels on a rough road whose surface varies sinusoidally
with an amplitude of 0.05 m and a wavelength of 10 m. Derive the equations
of motion of the automobile for the following date: mass = 1,000 Kg, radius
of gyration = 0.9 m,
L1= 1.0 m, l2 1.5 m, kf= 18KN/m, kr= 22 KN/m, velocity = 50 Km/hr.

11. A simplified model of the main landing gear system of a small airplane is
shown. With m1 = 100 kg, m2 = 5000 kg, k1 = 10 N/m, and k2 = 10 N/m.
(a) Find the equation of motion of the system.
(b) Find the natural frequencies and mode shapes of the system.
12. Find the flexibility and stiffness influence coefficients of the torsional
system below in Figure. Also, write the equations of motion of the system.

13. Determine the amplitudes of motion of the three masses in below figure
when a harmonic force is F(t) = F0 sin ωt is applied to the lower left mass
with m = 1kg, k = 1000N/m, F0 = 5 N and ω =10 rad/s using the mode
superposition method.

14. Derive the equation of motion of the trailer- compound pendulum system
show in fig.
15. Determine the stiffness matrix of the frame shown in fig.Neglect the effect
of axial stiffness of the members AB and BC.

16. The arrangement of the compressor, turbine, and generator in a thermal


power plant is shown in Fig. This arrangement can be considered as a
torsional system where J, denote the mass moments of inertia of the three
components (compressor, turbine, and generator), M₁₁ indicate the external
moments acting on the components, and k₁₁ represent the torsional spring
constants of the shaft between the components, as indicated in Fig. Derive
the equations of motion of the system using Lagrange's equations by
treating the angular displacements of the components 0, as generalized
coordinates

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