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HTML Entites

The document explains the use of HTML character entities to display reserved characters, such as less than (<) and greater than (>), using formats like &entity_name; or &#entity_number;. It highlights the non-breaking space entity (&nbsp;) that prevents line breaks between words and lists other useful character entities. Additionally, it discusses combining diacritical marks with letters to create new characters not present in the standard character set.

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4 views3 pages

HTML Entites

The document explains the use of HTML character entities to display reserved characters, such as less than (<) and greater than (>), using formats like &entity_name; or &#entity_number;. It highlights the non-breaking space entity (&nbsp;) that prevents line breaks between words and lists other useful character entities. Additionally, it discusses combining diacritical marks with letters to create new characters not present in the standard character set.

Uploaded by

vimal.foruppo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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HTML Entities

Some characters are reserved in HTML.

If you use the less than (<) or greater than (>) signs in your text, the browser might mix them
with tags.

Character entities are used to display reserved characters in HTML.

A character entity looks like this:

&entity_name;

OR

&#entity_number;

To display a less than sign (<) we must write: &lt; or &#60;

Advantage of using an entity name: An entity name is easy to remember.


Disadvantage of using an entity name: Browsers may not support all entity names, but
the support for numbers is good.

Non-breaking Space
A common character entity used in HTML is the non-breaking space: &nbsp;

A non-breaking space is a space that will not break into a new line.

Two words separated by a non-breaking space will stick together (not break into a new line). This is handy when
breaking the words might be disruptive.

Examples:

 § 10
 10 km/h
 10 PM

Another common use of the non-breaking space is to prevent that browsers truncate spaces in HTML pages.

If you write 10 spaces in your text, the browser will remove 9 of them. To add real spaces to your text, you can use
the &nbsp; character entity.

The non-breaking hyphen (&#8209;) lets you use a hyphen character (-) that won't break.

Some Other Useful HTML Character Entities

Result Description Entity Name Entity Number

non-breaking space &nbsp; &#160;


< less than &lt; &#60;

> greater than &gt; &#62;

& ampersand &amp; &#38;

" double quotation mark &quot; &#34;

' single quotation mark (apostrophe) &apos; &#39;

¢ cent &cent; &#162;

£ pound &pound; &#163;

¥ yen &yen; &#165;

€ euro &euro; &#8364;

© copyright &copy; &#169;

® registered trademark &reg; &#174;

Note: Entity names are case sensitive.

Combining Diacritical Marks


A diacritical mark is a "glyph" added to a letter.

Some diacritical marks, like grave ( ̀) and acute ( ́) are called accents.
Diacritical marks can appear both above and below a letter, inside a letter, and between two
letters.

Diacritical marks can be used in combination with alphanumeric characters, to produce a


character that is not present in the character set (encoding) used in the page.

Here are some examples:

Mark Character Construct Result

̀ a a&#768; à

́ a a&#769; á

̂ a a&#770; â

̃ a a&#771; ã

̀ O O&#768; Ò

́ O O&#769; Ó

̂ O O&#770; Ô

̃ O O&#771; Õ

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