List of Learning Resources (Compiled for 2025 and onwards)

Higher Secondary School Certificate (HSSC I)

ONLINE RESOURCES (across Subjects and Grades)

Knowledge Platform*
https://akueb.knowledgeplatform.com/login

Punjab Curriculum and Textbook Board

https://pctb.punjab.gov.pk/E-Books

Cantab Publishers*
https://cantabpublisher.com/

Phet Interactive Simulations

https://phet.colorado.edu/

* Subscription and/or purchase required

 COMPULSORY SUBJECTS
English Compulsory:
Recommended Key Textbooks:
Model Textbook of English 11. Cantab Publisher (Based on National Curriculum of Pakistan
2022-23)
Textbook of English Grade 11. National Book Foundation, Islamabad (Based on National
Curriculum of Pakistan 2022-23)
English Grammar and Composition for Intermediate Classes, Punjab Curriculum and
Textbook Board, Lahore
English as a Second Language Coursebook, Lucantoni, P, Cambridge University Press
English Skills for Class XI, Fazullah, F and Kazi, A, Oxford University Press
Reference Book:
Grammar for GCSE English. Gould, M. and Kemp, B. (2013) Collins
Websites:
www.esl-lab.com
https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/skills/listening
www.majortests.com/sat/reading-comprehension.php
https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/skills/reading
https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/skills/writing
https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/grammar-exercises.html
‫‪Urdu Compulsory:‬‬

‫‪Recommended Key Textbook:‬‬

‫ہبوطرِدریساتکب‪’:‬امڈلدریساتکب‪،‬اُردو‪،‬ایگروھںیامجتعےکےیل‪،‬لنشین ُ ُبافٔوڈننشیہبوطروافیقٹسکیٹ ُ ُبوبرڈ‪،‬االسمٓاابد‘(وقیم‬

‫اصنب‪۲۰۲۲‬۔‪۲۳‬ءےکاطمقب)‬

‫‪Reference Books:‬‬

‫ِ‬
‫اانصفادب‪،‬رعیفادلنیاہیمش‬ ‫‪‬‬

‫‪ ‬اردو ِ د‬
‫وقاعوااشن‪،‬رباےئمہن‪،‬دمہ‪،‬اجنپبرکوکیملاڈنیٹسکیٹکبوبرڈ‪،‬الوہر‬
‫‪ ‬اردوادبیکرصتخماترخی‪ ،‬ڈارٹکاونردسدی‪،‬دتقمرہوقیمزابن‪،‬االسمٓاابد‬
‫‪ ‬ذترکےاوررصبتے‪،‬رساجاالالسم‬
‫‪ ‬وچبںےکراسلئ(وناہنل‪/‬ونگج‪/‬میلعتورتتیبوریغہ)‬
‫‪ ‬فلتخمروزانہماابخرات(گنج‪/‬ارپسکیسی‪/‬وناےئوتقوریغہ)‬
‫‪ ‬ریفوزااغللتاردو‪،‬ومولیریفوزادلنی‪،‬ریفوززنس‪،‬الوہر‪/‬رکایچ‪/‬اشپور‬
‫‪ ‬رفگنہِظفلت‪،‬اشناقحلیقح‪،‬دتقمرہوقیمزابن‪،‬االسمٓاابد‬
‫ت‬
‫‪ ‬اُردورتمادافت( ھیسارس)‪،‬ااسحنداشن‬

‫‪Websites:‬‬
‫‪https://genrica.com/books_download.aspx?titleID=245&metaID=0&volumes=0‬‬
‫( ِ‬
‫اانصفادب‪،‬رعیفادلنیاہیمش‪،‬گنسِلیمزنشیکیلبپ)‬
‫‪https://www.taleem360.com/9th-and-10th-class-urdu-qawaid-o-insha-text-book-by-punjab-‬‬
‫‪board-vfq#google_vignette‬‬
‫(اردو ِ د‬
‫وقاعوااشن رباےئمہنودمہ‪،‬اجنپبرکوکیملاڈنیٹسکیٹکبوبرڈ‪،‬الوہر)‬
‫‪https://xn--mgbqf7g.com/‬‬
‫(اردواگہ۔روزرمہ‪ ،‬احمورات‪،‬اہکوںیتوریغہ)‬
‫‪https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i3JNHsP5Ly0‬‬
‫(اقہیف‪،‬ردفی‪،‬علطموعطقم)‬
‫علم بیان کی تعریف | ‪Ilm e Bayan Ki Tareef | Urdu Notes‬‬
‫(ملعِایبن)‬
‫‪https://urdunotes.com/lesson/ilm-e-badee-in-urdu/‬‬
‫(ملعِدبعی)‬
https://archive.org/details/20200302_20200302_1133
)‫الوہر‬،‫سلجمِرتیقٔادب‬،‫اعدبیلعاعدب‬،‫(ادبلعی‬
https://www.bbc.com/urdu
)‫رباےئیعمسووخایناہمرت‬،‫(یبیبیس۔اردو‬
https://jang.com.pk
)‫رباےئیعمسووخایناہمرت‬،‫(گنج‬
https://www.express.com.pk/
)‫رباےئیعمسووخایناہمرت‬،‫(ارپسکیسی‬
https://www.humsub.com.pk
)‫رباےئیعمسووخایناہمرت‬،‫(مہبس‬
https://archive.org/details/pdf_20191115/mode/1up
)‫ ڈارٹکمیلسارتخ‬،‫(اردوادبیکرصتخمرتنیاترخی‬
https://udb.gov.pk/
)‫اردوتغلوبرڈ‬،)‫(اُردوتغل(اتریخیاوصلرپ‬
https://archive.org/details/TOOBAA-urdu-mutaradifat-ehsan-danish
‫ت‬
)‫ااسحنداشن‬،)‫(اُردورتمادافت( ھیسارس‬
https://pressforpeace.org.uk/article-anwr-ghazi/
)‫(رصبتہاگنری‬
https://roshnai.com/me-kahani-kese-likhon/
)‫(اہکینونیسی‬
https://youtu.be/KVbvMxbOSF4?si=jZcNftUkCXNWFW3n
)‫(اکمہملاگنری‬
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0un9-YVDJ1M
)‫(طخونیسی‬
https://archive.org/details/texts
)‫وخایناہمرت‬،‫ربیقبتک‬،‫رباےئاطمہعل‬،‫(ٓاراکویئ‬
Mathematics:
Recommended Key Textbooks:
Mathematics Grade 11. Punjab Curriculum and Textbook Board, Lahore
Mathematics Grade 12. Punjab Curriculum and Textbook Board, Lahore
The Textbook of Mathematics for Class 11. Sindh Textbook Board (Test Edition- 2022)
The Textbook of Mathematics for Class 12. Sindh Textbook Board (Test Edition- 2022)
Reference Books:
Model Textbook of Mathematics Science Group Grade 11. National Book Foundation as
Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad (Based on National Curriculum of Pakistan 2022-23)
Model Textbook of Mathematics Science Group Grade 12. National Book Foundation as
Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad (Based on National Curriculum of Pakistan 2022-23)
Yeo, J., Seng, T., Yee, L., Chow, I., Meng, N. and Liew, J. (7th Edition). Oxford New
Syllabus Mathematics Book 3. Oxford University Press.
Yeo, J., Seng, T., Yee, L., Chow, I., Meng, N. and Liew, J. (7th Edition). Oxford New
Syllabus Mathematics Book 4. Oxford University Press.
Sue, P. (3rd Edition). Cambridge IGCSETM and O Level Additional Mathematics Coursebook.
Cambridge University Press.
Online Reference Books:
Kruglak, H., Moore, J. and Mata-Toledp, R. (2nd Edition, 1998). SCHAUM’S OUTLINE OF
THEORY AND PROBLEMS OF BASIC MATHEMATICS with Applications to Science and
Technology. McGraw-Hill.
https://brawijaya12.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/schaums-outline-theory-and-
problems-of-basic-mathematics-with-applications-to-science-and-technology-2nd-ed-
kruglak-moore-mata-toledo-1998-mcgraw-hill.pdf
Barnett, R., Ziegler, M., Byleen, K. and Sobecki, D. (2010, 9th Edition). College Algebra with
Trigonometry. McGraw Hill Higher Education.
https://marinazahara22.wordpress.com/wp-
content/uploads/2013/10/college_algebra_with_trigonometry.pdf
Crowell, R. and Slesnick, W. (version 3.0.3, 2008). Crowell and Slesnick’s Calculus with
Analytic Geometry. Free Software Foundation
https://math.dartmouth.edu/~doyle/docs/calc/calc.pdf
Stitz, C. and Zeager, J. (2013). College Trigonometry Version [π] Corrected Edition. Stitz
Zeager Open Source Mathematics.
https://www.stitzzeager.com/szct07042013.pdf
Rayner, D. (2000). Extended Mathematics for IGCSE. Oxford University Press.
https://www.pdfdrive.com/extended-mathematics-for-igcse-e183809326.html
 SCIENCES GROUP
Biology:
Recommended Key Textbooks:
Ubaid ur Rehman Baig, A Textbook of Biology for Grade 11. Cantab Publisher, Lahore
(Aligned with the National Curriculum of Pakistan 2022-23)
The Textbook of Biology For Class XI. Sindh Textbook Board, Jamshoro
Model Textbook of Biology Grade 11. National Book Foundation, Islamabad (Based on
National Curriculum of Pakistan 2022-23)
Biology 11. Punjab Curriculum and Textbook Board, PLD Publishers, Lahore
Reference Books:
Raven, Johnson, Kenneth A. Mason, Jonathan B. Losos, and Tod Duncan.
Biology (13th International Student Edition). McGraw Hill Publisher
Kenneth A. Mason, Jonathan B. Losos, and Tod Duncan, Understanding Biology (Fourth
Edition). McGraw Hill Publisher
Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky and Rebecca B.
Orr. Campbell Biology (12th Edition). Published by Pearson (July 13, 2021) © 2021
Michael Kent. Advanced Biology. Oxford University Press
Glenn Toole, Susan Toole and Stephanie Fowler. Context for International Cambridge
International As and A Level (2nd edition). Oxford University Press

Websites

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=43WkdI0OE-0 (X Ray Crystallography Animation)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j4HgLf_eJoc (Structure determination of proteins by X
ray Crystallography)
https://www.creative-biostructure.com/comparison-of-crystallography-nmr-and-em_6.htm
https://microbenotes.com/biological-databases-types-and-importance/
https://www.creativebiomart.net/resource/principle-protocol-x-ray-crystallography-393.htm
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mI1P8aQpG-o (Calculating magnification and actual size
of specimens)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=brb-Qy7KCYc (Calculating Magnification)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zEZFl3MsmY0 (3 Stages of Cell Signaling)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=evH0I7Coc54 (What are stem cells? - Craig A. Kohn)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i-QSurQWZo0 (What are Induced Pluripotent Stem
Cells? (iPS Cells))
https://alevelbiology.co.uk/notes/stem-cells-a-general-
overview/#:~:text=Classification%20of%20Stem%20Cells,into%20any%20specific%20cell
%20type. (Stem cells: A General Overview)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5Hp2v_2Qy1g (Monophyly Paraphyly Polyphyly |
Classification)
https://www.differencebetween.com/difference-between-monophyletic-and-vs-paraphyletic-
and-vs-polyphyletic/ (Difference Between Monophyletic Paraphyletic and Polyphyletic)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PlSvywlLuNw (HIV Life Cycle | HHMI BioInteractive
Video)
https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-life-cycle#binding (Stages of the HIV Life Cycle)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a7VrP8jc0Ng (Photosynthesis Part 6 Action vs
Absorption Spectrum IB Biology)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cdybsxDQjxg (The Oxygen Hemoglobin Dissociation
Curve EXPLAINED!)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IS9TD9fHFv0 (The Cardiac Cycle, Animation)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ScZVGHDisa0 (Cardiac Conduction System and
Understanding ECG/EKG - Updated 2024, Animation)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cSmiiYJBLrU (Biology Help: What is Cardiac Output?
w/ example)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vFRkSB46bl8 (Cardiac Output, Stroke volume, EDV,
ESV, Ejection Fraction)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nqRn5fN22t4 (Cellular Immunity - Adaptive Immunity
part 1, Animation)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rAepZG_ChyQ (Humoral Immunity - Adaptive
Immunity part 2, Animation)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1KdlU1sQcyc (How your immune system works)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6gHjx_hYA14 (Opsonization (FL-Immuno/11)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E4dZ5w3D9ZM (The Complement System)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CNPwxbeP7B8 (Hybridoma Technology for the
Production of Monoclonal Antibodies)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dxnjAc-rqz8 (How Monoclonal Antibodies Treat
Cancer)
Chemistry:
Recommended Key Textbook:
Chemistry for Grade 11, National Book Foundation, Islamabad (Based on National
Curriculum of Pakistan 2022-2023)
Reference Books:
Chemistry for Class XI, Punjab Textbook Board, Lahore.
Chemistry for Class XI, Sindh Textbook Board, Jamshoro
E. N. Ramsden, A-level Chemistry, Stanley Thornes (Publishers) Ltd.
Christopher N. Prescott, Chemistry, A Course for ‘O’ Level, Federal Publications.
Jim Clark, Calculations in AS/A Level Chemistry, Longman, 2000
Bryan Earl Doug Wilford, Cambridge IGCSE Chemistry (Third Edition), Hodder Education
Michael Clugston and Rosalind Flemming, Advanced Chemistry, Oxford University Press.
Philip Mathews, Advanced Chemistry (Physical and Industrial) Cambridge University Press.
Peter Cann and Peter Hughes, Cambridge International AS and A Level Chemistry, Hodder
Education
Lawrie Ryan and Roger Norris, Cambridge International AS and A Level Chemistry
Coursebook, Cambridge University Press
Websites:
https://www.ausetute.com.au/index.html
https://www.chemguide.co.uk
https://phet.colorado.edu/
https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves
www.rsc.org/Learn-Chemistry/
https://openstax.org/books/chemistry-2e/pages/13-introduction
https://www.masterorganicchemistry.com/
Physics:
Recommended Key Textbook:
National Book Foundation. Physics 11 and 12. Islamabad: Federal Textbook Board.
Reference Books:
Paul G. Hewitt, Conceptual Physics twelfth Edition: Pearson.
Schaum’s Outline, Murray R. Spiegel, Vector Analysis: McGraw-Hill.
Halliday and Resnick, Fundamental of Physics: Walker Wiley India Pvt. Ltd. (Volume 1).
Sears, Zamansky and Young Addison, College Physics. New York: Wesley Publication Co.
Richard-Woodside, Cambridge-International As And A-Level Physics-Revision-Guide-
Second-Edition.
Nelkon and Parker. (Seventh edition). Principles of Physics. Heinemann: Collins Int’l
Textbooks.
David Sang, Graham Jones, Gurinder Chadha and Richard Woodside, Cambridge
International AS and A Level Physics Coursebook Second Edition: Cambridge university
press.
Sindh Textbook Board. Textbook of Physics for Class XI. Jamshoro: Sindh Textbook Board.
Websites:
http://phet.colorado.edu/
https://www.ophysics.com/r9.html
https://www.geogebra.org/m/d6n6rk9N
https://www.walter-fendt.de/html5/phen/
https://www.vascak.cz/?id=1&language=en#kapitola14
https://www.physicsclassroom.com/Physics-Interactives
https://www.ck12.org/book/ck-12-physics-intermediate/
https://learncheme.com/simulations/thermodynamics/thermo-1/
https://learncheme.com/quiz-yourself/interactive-self-study-modules/carnot-cycle/carnot-
cycle-simulations/
 HUMANITIES GROUP

Civics:
Recommended Key Textbooks:
English Medium:
1. Elements of Civics by Mazharul Haq, Bookland Publisher for intermediate classes
2. Civics of Pakistan by Mazharul Haq, Bookland Publisher

Urdu Medium:
3. Ilm-e- Maddianiat (Civics for first year) By Dr Azam published by Ghazanfar publishers
Reference Books:
English Medium:
1. Creating Better World: Education for Citizenship Human Rights Conflict Resolution by
Bernadett L.Dean Rahat Joldoshalieva and Fazilat Sayani, Published by Aga khan
University Education Department.
2. Civic education for diver citizens in Global times, rethinking theory and practice; Edited by
Beth C. Robin & James M. Giarelli
3. An introduction to law and human rights for young people in the commonwealth by John
Hatchard (commonwealth secretariat)
4. Human Rights: New Dimensions and Challenges, edited by Janusz Symonides
5. Learning Citizenship by Jenny Wales, Paul Clarke, Published by The Nuffield Foundation
6. Civics (for first year) By Professor Choudhary Ahsanullah
7. Introduction to Political Science by Prof. Dr. Muhammad Sarwar Published by Ilmi Kitab
Khana
8. Intermediate Civics (Part I) by Prof. Sanwal Hussain Kharl, Published by Dogars Publishers
Editorial Board
9. Beginners Civics (for intermediate) by Dr Salahuddin, Prof.A.S.Bukhari, M.Ikram
Chaghatai published by Aziz Book Depot (Lahore)
10. 200 Questions On Civics by A.S.Bukhari, H.Rahman, Rabia Bukhari, S.M.Najam
11. Rah-e- Maddaniat by Prof. Muhammad Niaz Siddiqui published by Ahmed Academy.
12. Political Thinkers: from Socrates to Present by David Boucher and Paul Kelly, by Oxford
University Press
13. A Concise History of Western and Islamic Political Thought by Arshad Syed Karim,
Publisher, Jehangir’s World Time Publication
14. Political Science (Theory and Practice) by Mazharul Haq, Bookland Publisher
15. Pakistan Studies Intermediate by Dr Abdul Qadir Khan published by National Book
Foundation, Islamabad
16. Governance, Politics and the State by Jon Pierre & B.Guy Peters, Published by Palgrave
Macmillan
17. Introduction to Political Science by Mark Carl Rom, Georgetown University, Masaki
Hidaka, American University, Rachel Bzostek Walker, Collin College
18. Peace Building, Citizenship and Identity by Christina Parker, published by Sense
Publishers
19. The Challenge of Enlightenment, Conflict Transformation and Peace in Pakistan by Dr.
Moonis Ahmer, Published by Routledge
20. A Historical and Contemporary Look by Farooq Naseem Bajwa. Oxford University Press,
Pakistan.
21. Constitutional and Political History of Pakistan 2001 by Hamid Khan. Oxford University
Press, Pakistan.
22. Pakistan’s Foreign Policy 1947-2016: A Concise History by Abdul Sattar, Oxford
University Press, Pakistan

Urdu Medium:
1. ‫( شہریت‬Civics 11) by Punjab Curriculum and Textbook Board
https://drive.google.com/file/d/14uhOVjM1vc7uPc7qv-k6lUNDwUo1v5-K/view
2. ‫( شہریت‬Civics 12) by Punjab Curriculum and Textbook Board
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1alJkhKZwl1xcxl067mwF64qUCWUZ1qIM/view
3. ‫ شہریت برائے گیارھویں جماعت‬by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board, Peshawar
4. ‫ شہریت برائے بارھویں جماعت‬by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board, Peshawar
5. ‫بارھویں جماعت‬ ‫مطالعہ پاکستان‬published by Punjab Textbook Board Lahore
6. ‫ مطالعہ پاکستان برائے نہم‬by GFH Publisher
7. ‫ راحت‬،‫ حقوق انسان اور پر امن تصفیہ (برناڈیٹ ایل ڈین‬،‫بہتر دنیا کی تخلیق تعلیم برائے شہریت‬
‫جولدوشالیفا اور فضیلت سیانی۔‬
Published by Aga Khan University Education Department.
Websites:
https://www.oxfam.org.uk/educati on/who-we-are/what-is-global-citizenship
https://www.ecp.gov.pk/frmGenericPage.aspx?PageID=3031
https://ecp.gov.pk/storage/files/1/eleclaws18.pdf
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/372647223_Ibn_Khaldun's_Perspective_on_the_Socia
l_Contract_Bai'at_and_Its_Implementation_in_the_State_System
https://journal.walisongo.ac.id/index.php/JISH/article/view/16360/pdf
https://www.ajis.org/index.php/ajiss/article/download/1979/2332
https://cdn.mises.org/1_3_3_0.pdf
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/372647223_Ibn_Khaldun's_Perspective_on_the_Socia
l_Contract_Bai'at_and_Its_Implementation_in_the_State_System
https://journal.walisongo.ac.id/index.php/JISH/article/view/16360/pdf
https://www.ajis.org/index.php/ajiss/article/download/1979/2332
https://cdn.mises.org/1_3_3_0.pdf
https://www.structural-learning.com/post/social-contract-theory#:
https://openstax.org/books/introduction-political-science/pages/1-introduction
https://www.undrr.org/
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/344626608_PEACE_RESEARCH_CHALLENGE_A
ND_AN_OPPORTUNITY_MOONIS_AHMAR
https://www.academia.edu/22222830/Role_of_Political_Parties_in_the_Democratic_System_of
_Pakistan
https://globalchallenges.org/global-governance/what-is-global-governance/
Video links:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5rbiOGs4AOM
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KuKzq9EDt-0
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cazssbSLqVQ
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rhtEuH2G6bg
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I-F7VnSQcg0&t=396s (UNO)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=snXhtOpSXtI (NATO)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fx-1xq1yFDY (SAARC)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i6q0gIxg3Mc (African Union)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SFeB9fMGJ9k (European union)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MhvHoZCwR-g (Arab league)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nuuFfECMt0E (WTO)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nn34zGF_RAs (IMF)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gKpTL8KVy1Q (World Bank)