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1st Visual Programming

The document outlines a course on Visual Programming, focusing on C# and the .NET Framework, including the use of Microsoft Visual Studio as an IDE for application development. It covers the C# compilation process, the features of Windows Forms for desktop applications, and highlights newer trends in desktop application development such as cross-platform capabilities and AI integration. The course aims to equip learners with the skills to develop robust applications across various platforms.

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tayabtanveer1811
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3 views

1st Visual Programming

The document outlines a course on Visual Programming, focusing on C# and the .NET Framework, including the use of Microsoft Visual Studio as an IDE for application development. It covers the C# compilation process, the features of Windows Forms for desktop applications, and highlights newer trends in desktop application development such as cross-platform capabilities and AI integration. The course aims to equip learners with the skills to develop robust applications across various platforms.

Uploaded by

tayabtanveer1811
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1 Visual Programming

Course Objective:

 To understand the basic application for visual programming, to understand and apply best
practices for development of desktop applications. Constructing .NET desktop
applications, accessing data with entity framework, learning about modern Cross
platform application development frameworks.

Module 1: C# Basic Concepts


2 Introduction to the C# Language and the .NET Framework
C# is also known as C-Sharp. It is an object-oriented programming language created by Microsoft
that runs on the .NET Framework. C# has roots from the C family, and the language is close to other
popular languages like C++ and Java. The first version was released in year 2002.
C# is an elegant and type-safe object-oriented language that enables developers to build a variety
of secure and robust applications that run on the .NET Framework.
You can use C# to create
 Windows client applications,
 Desktop application
 Web Applications
 Web services
 Games
 Mobile applications
 Client-server applications,
 Database applications, and much more.
Visual C# provides an advanced code editor, convenient user interface designers, integrated
debugger, and many other tools to make it easier to develop applications based on the C#
language and the .NET Framework.
C# is one of the easiest programming languages to learn. C# syntax is highly expressive, yet it is
also simple and easy to learn. The curly-brace syntax of C# will be instantly recognizable to
anyone familiar with C, C++ or Java.

2.1 Microsoft Visual Studio

Visual Studio is an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) developed by Microsoft for


C#, .NET, and many other programming languages. It provides tools for developing, debugging,
and deploying applications.

Key Features of Visual Studio:

 Code Editor: Advanced IntelliSense for code completion.


 Debugger: Powerful debugging tools with breakpoints and step-through execution.
 Project Templates: Pre-built templates for different project types.
 Extensions and Plugins: Supports customization with various extensions.
 Live Share: Enables real-time collaboration with other developers.

Editions of Visual Studio:

 Visual Studio Community: Free for individual developers, students, and open-source
projects.
 Visual Studio Professional: Paid version with additional features for teams.
 Visual Studio Enterprise: Advanced version with premium tools for large-scale
development.

Together, C# and Visual Studio provide a powerful ecosystem for building high-performance,
scalable applications across multiple platforms.

2.2 IDE (Integrated Development Environment)


The easiest way to get started with C#, is to use an IDE. IDE (Integrated Development Environment)
is used to edit and compile code. Applications written in C# use the .NET Framework, so it makes
sense to use Visual Studio, as the program, the framework, and the language, are all created by
Microsoft.
3 C# Compilation Process in .NET
This diagram illustrates the compilation and execution process of .NET languages, such as C#,
VB.NET, and other .NET languages, within the .NET framework. It highlights the transition
from source code to native machine code through different stages.
3.1 Source Code (Compile Time)

At the first stage, developers write source code in C#, VB.NET, or other .NET-supported
languages. Each language has its own compiler:

 C# Compiler (for C# code)


 VB.NET Compiler (for VB.NET code)
 Other Compiler (for other .NET languages like F#)

3.2 Bytecode (Common Intermediate Language - CIL)

Once compiled, the code is not converted directly into machine code but rather into an
intermediate bytecode called CIL (Common Intermediate Language).

 This CIL code is platform-independent and can be executed on any system that has
the .NET runtime installed.
 It is also referred to as MSIL (Microsoft Intermediate Language).
 All .NET languages compile into the same CIL, which allows interoperability among
different .NET languages.

3.3 . Execution by the Common Language Runtime (CLR) (Runtime)

At runtime, the Common Language Runtime (CLR) takes the CIL code and converts it into
native machine code using the Just-In-Time (JIT) compiler.

 This step makes the program executable on the specific system architecture (e.g.,
Windows, macOS, Linux).
 The CLR also provides memory management, security, exception handling, and
garbage collection.

4 Introduction to Windows Forms Application


Windows Forms (WinForms) is a UI framework for building rich desktop applications in .NET.
It provides a drag-and-drop interface for designing user interfaces, handling events, and
interacting with various system resources.

Key Features of Windows Forms:

 Event-driven programming for handling user actions.


 Rapid application development with a visual designer in Visual Studio.
 Built-in controls (buttons, textboxes, grids, etc.) for quick UI development.
 Data binding support for working with databases and other data sources.
 Interoperability with legacy Windows applications and APIs.
5 Newer Trends in Desktop Application Development
Desktop application development has evolved significantly with advancements in technology.
Here are some of the latest trends:

1. Cross-Platform Development

 .NET MAUI (Multi-platform App UI) allows building apps for Windows, macOS, iOS,
and Android with a single codebase.
 Electron.js enables web technologies (HTML, CSS, JavaScript) to be used for desktop
apps (e.g., VS Code, Slack).
 Flutter for Desktop provides a modern UI framework with a single codebase for
multiple platforms.

2. Cloud-Integrated Desktop Apps

 Many desktop applications now integrate with cloud services like Azure, AWS, and
Google Cloud for seamless data synchronization.

3. Modern UI/UX Design

 Material Design and Fluent Design System provide sleek, modern interfaces with
smooth animations and adaptive layouts.
 Dark mode and theming options have become standard to enhance user experience.

4. AI-Powered Desktop Applications

 AI and machine learning integration help in automation, smart predictions, and voice
recognition (e.g., Microsoft Copilot).
 Chatbots and virtual assistants are being embedded in desktop apps for enhanced user
interaction.

5. Security and Privacy Enhancements

 Zero Trust Security models are being adopted to protect against cyber threats.
 End-to-end encryption and biometric authentication (e.g., Windows Hello) are
becoming standard in modern apps.

6. Low-Code/No-Code Development

 Platforms like Power Apps and OutSystems enable rapid development of business
applications without deep coding knowledge.

With these trends, modern desktop applications are more powerful, connected, and secure than
ever before.

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