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The document provides examples of defining and calling functions in Python, illustrating the use of parameters, arguments, local variables, and scope. It demonstrates how functions can accept different types of arguments, such as values, variables, and expressions. Additionally, it highlights the behavior of local variables and their interaction with variables defined in the outer scope.

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4 views4 pages

Discussion

The document provides examples of defining and calling functions in Python, illustrating the use of parameters, arguments, local variables, and scope. It demonstrates how functions can accept different types of arguments, such as values, variables, and expressions. Additionally, it highlights the behavior of local variables and their interaction with variables defined in the outer scope.

Uploaded by

cisse
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Example 1: Define a function that takes an argument

# Define a function that takes an argument


def greet(name): # 'name' is the parameter
print("Hello, " + name + "!")

# Call the function with an argument


greet("Azeez") # '"Azeez"' is the argument

In this example, the code `def greet(name):` defines a function with a


parameter `name`. The code greet("Azeez") calls the function with the
argument "Azeez"
Example 2: Call the function with different kinds of arguments
# Define the function again
def greet(name):
print("Hello, " + name + "!")

# Call the function with a value


greet("Azeezat") # '"Azeezat"' is a value

# Call the function with a variable


username = "Rosa"
greet(username) # 'username' is a variable

# Call the function with an expression


greet("David " + "Elliott") # "David " + "Elliott" is an expression
In this example, the function is called with three different kinds of
arguments: a value ("Rosa"), a variable (`username`), and an
expression ("David " + "Elliott").

Example 3: Construct a function with a local variable


# Define a function with a local variable
def calculate_area(width, height):
area = width * height # 'area' is a local variable
print("The area is", area)
# Call the function
calculate_area(4, 6)
# Try to use the local variable outside the function
try:
print("The area is", area)
except NameError:
print("Error: 'area' is not defined")
In this example, the function `calculate_area` defines a local variable
`area`. When we try to use the variable `area` outside the function, we
get a `NameError` because `area` is not defined in the outer scope.
Example 4: Construct a function that takes an argument with a unique
parameter name
# Define a function with a unique parameter name
def greet_person(person_name): # 'person_name' is the parameter
print("Hello, " + person_name + "!")
# Call the function
greet_person("Yekeen")

# Try to use the parameter name outside the function


try:
print("The person's name is", person_name)
except NameError:
print("Error: 'person_name' is not defined")
In this example, the function `greet_person` defines a parameter
`person_name`. When we try to use the parameter name
`person_name` outside the function, we get a `NameError` because
`person_name` is not defined in the outer scope.
Example 5: Show what happens when a variable defined outside a
function has the same name as a local variable
# Define a variable outside the function
x = 10
# Define a function with a local variable with the same name
def calculate_sum(y):
x = y + 5 # 'x' is a local variable
print("The sum is", x)

# Call the function


calculate_sum(20)
# Print the value of the outer variable
print("The outer variable x is still", x)
In this example, the variable `x` is defined outside the function with
the value `10`. The function `calculate_sum` defines a local variable
`x` with a different value. When we call the function, the local
variable `x` is used, but the outer variable `x` remains unchanged.

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